scholarly journals Prevalence and Perception of Pharmacists on Dispensing Prescription Only Medication without Prescription in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amom Tor-Anyiin ◽  
Aondoasee Gwa ◽  
Rose Okonkwo ◽  
Iorfa Tor-Anyiin ◽  
Akogwu Abuh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
National Drug ◽  
National Drug Policy ◽  
Do So

Background: Currently in Nigeria, prescription only medicines are supposed to be dispensed only with a prescription. The study aimed to reveal the prevalence of prescription only medicine without a prescription and the perception of community pharmacist in Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria towards the phenomenon. Method: The study was carried out between February–April 2019 using simulated patient approach and administration of questionnaire on the pharmacists. Result: Forty pharmacies were surveyed and 100% (29) of the respondents were willing to dispense prescription only medicines without a prescription. Among the respondents, 93% (27) said they do see up to an estimated 30% of POMs without a prescription daily. While 19.2% (5) of the pharmacists do dispense POM without a prescription, 42.3% (11) said they do so depend on the level of education or prior exposure of the client to the medication. Only 38.5% (10) said they will not dispense a POM without a prescription. Most of the pharmacists, 93% (27) agreed that dispensing POM without with a prescription holds potentials for drug abuse, drug misuse, drug dependence with attendant economic consequences. Conclusion: A vast majority of practicing community pharmacists in Nigeria are willing and do dispense prescription-only medications without a valid prescription; for a variety of reasons. This is against existing Nigerian pharmacy laws and the national drug policy.

scholarly journals Barriers and facilitators to adherence to national drug policies on antibiotic prescribing and dispensing in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fosiul Alam Nizame ◽  
Dewan Muhammad Shoaib ◽  
Emily K. Rousham ◽  
Salma Akter ◽  
Mohammad Aminul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Policy ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
National Drug ◽  
National Drug Policy ◽  
Drug Policies ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The National Drug Policy in Bangladesh prohibits the sale and distribution of antibiotics without prescription from a registered physician. Compliance with this policy is poor; prescribing antibiotics by unqualified practitioners is common and over-the-counter dispensing widespread. In Bangladesh, unqualified practitioners such as drug shop operators are a major source of healthcare for the poor and disadvantaged. This paper reports on policy awareness among drug shop operators and their customers and identifies current dispensing practices, barriers and facilitators to policy adherence. Methods We conducted a qualitative study in rural and urban Bangladesh from June 2019 to August 2020. This included co-design workshops (n = 4) and in-depth interviews (n = 24) with drug shop operators and customers/household members, key informant interviews (n = 12) with key personnel involved in aspects of the antibiotic supply chain including pharmaceutical company representatives, and model drug shop operators; and a group discussion with stakeholders representing key actors in informal market systems namely: representatives from the government, private sector, not-for-profit sector and membership organizations. Results Barriers to policy compliance among drug shop operators included limited knowledge of government drug policies, or the government-led Bangladesh Pharmacy Model Initiative (BPMI), a national guideline piloted to regulate drug sales. Drug shop operators had no clear knowledge of different antibiotic generations, how and for what diseases antibiotics work contributing to inappropriate antibiotic dispensing. Nonetheless, drug shop operators wanted the right to prescribe antibiotics based on having completed related training. Drug shop customers cited poor healthcare facilities and inadequate numbers of attending physician as a barrier to obtaining prescriptions and they described difficulties differentiating between qualified and unqualified providers. Conclusion Awareness of the National Drug Policy and the BPMI was limited among urban and rural drug shop operators. Poor antibiotic prescribing practice is additionally hampered by a shortage of qualified physicians; cultural and economic barriers to accessing qualified physicians, and poor implementation of regulations. Increasing qualified physician access and increasing training and certification of drug shop operators could improve the alignment of practices with national policy.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Drug Abuse and Misuse among Community Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed M. Mobrad ◽  
Sultan Alghadeer ◽  
Wajid Syed ◽  
Mohamed N. Al-Arifi ◽  
Arafah Azher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
College Education ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Controlled Drugs

Background and Objective: Several over-the-counter drugs have been documented as an essential issue in the community pharmacy setting owing to their liability to abuse. Pharmacists act as a critical monitor for these concerns and evaluate the seriousness of the patients’ condition. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding drug abuse and misuse among pharmacists at a community pharmacy in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a validated self-administered questionnaire was carried out among community pharmacists over three months April to June 2019. The survey had 25 items on the experience, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, strategies, and opinions of participants toward drug abuse and misuse. Results: A total of 239 community pharmacists responded to the survey. About 84% of them had received training on drug misuse or abuse. The majority of community pharmacists (85.8%) would like to be provided educational programs on drug abuse in the future. Nearly all the pharmacists (94.9%) reported providing suitable advice to suspected drug misusers either in written or oral form at their pharmacies. Approximately 31% agreed or strongly agreed to dispense controlled drugs through a pharmacy. Regarding the ethical matter of selling misusers controlled drugs, 93.7% of the respondents believed that it is deceptive to offer misusers controlled medications. A comparison of knowledge and beliefs (univariate analysis) showed that the results were significant only for respondents who had graduated from Yemen (p = 0.007) and respondents who had an experience of four to six years or more (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the majority of community pharmacists had been trained in recognizing drug abuse or dependence during their pharmacy college education. In addition, majority of them reported that they warned or counseled patients about the occurrence of adverse drug reactions to specific medications. However, majority of them agreed that selling controlled drugs is unethical in a community pharmacy. Thus, effective implementation of pharmaceutical rules and laws is a fundamental need in the Saudi Arabian health care system and we suggest stringent execution of the regulations by the Saudi health care authorities.

História do Medicamento Genérico no Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Erick De Oliveira Lemes ◽  
Naara Sabrine Vaz de Almeida ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pires Eubanks ◽  
Sebastião Robson de Resende ◽  
Wanessa Cristina Martins da Luz
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Generic Medicine ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
National Drug ◽  
National Drug Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Os medicamentos são considerados indispensáveis à saúde, ocupando o centro das atenções na atualidade, uma vez que seu modo de utilizaçãoreflete o efeito terapêutico. Os medicamentos genéricos estão disponíveis em preços acessíveis, graças à Política Nacional de Medicamentos (PNM), que passou a ser implementada pelo Governo Federal desde 1999 para que houvesse possibilidades de escolhas para os pacientes na aquisição de medicamentos de qualidade. Os medicamentos genéricos podem ser intercambiáveis com os de referências, quando está escrito na receita médica o nome do princípio ativo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a história dos genéricos no Brasil, a fim de contribuir com informações acerca da importância destes medicamentos e segurança na utilização pela população, desmitificando o fato de serem mais baratos em decorrência da falta de qualidade, eficácia ou segurança. Esta investigação foi caracterizada como pesquisa bibliográfica, a amostra em estudo foi composta por um conjunto de publicações contidas em periódicos, livros-textos, monografias, dissertações e teses. Com a realização deste estudo foi possível aferir que o medicamento genérico é tão relevante quanto o de referência. As pessoas necessitam saber as vantagens em se adquirir os medicamentos genéricos, por meio de campanhas de conscientização, bem como ter conhecimento de que o genérico tem o mesmo princípio em relação ao de referência. Campanha de conscientização se faz necessária para a população a respeito dos medicamentos genéricos.Palavras-chave: Medicamento. Segurança. BioequivalênciaAbstractMedicines are considered indispensable to health, occupying the center of attention nowadays, its mode of use reflects the therapeutic effect.Generic medicines are available at affordable prices thank to the national drug policy, which has been implemented by the Federal Government since 1999 so that there are possibilities for patients to choose the right medicines. Generic medicines can be interchangeable with those of reference when the name of the active ingredient is written on the prescription. This work aimed to describe the history of generics in Brazil, in order to contribute information about the importance of these drugs and safety in use by the population, demystifying the fact that they are cheaper due to the lack of quality, effectiveness or safety. This research was characterized as a bibliographic research, the study sample was composed by a set of publications contained in periodicals, textbooks, monographs, dissertations and theses. With the accomplishment of this study it was possible to verify that the generic medicine is as relevant as the reference. People need to know the advantages in acquiring generic medicines through awareness campaigns, as well as being aware that the generic has the same principle in relation to the reference. Awareness campaigns are necessary for the population regarding generic medicines.Keywords: Medications. Safety. Bioequivalence

National Drug Policy in Nigeria

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ransome Kuti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Policy ◽  
National Drug ◽  
National Drug Policy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document