STATIONARY RESEARCH IN THE CENTRAL FOREST STATE NATURAL BIOSPHERE RESERVE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. ZHELTUKHIN ◽  
◽  
YU.A. KURBATOVA ◽  
R.B. SANDLERSKY ◽  
M.YU. PUZACHENKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
National Network ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Turbulent Pulsations

The article presents a brief history of the formation and development of long-term stationary research in the Central Forest State Natural Biosphere Reserve, starting from the first soil-geomorphological works in the 1930s and up to the creation in 2017 of the IPEE RAS ecological observatory "Okovsky Les". The main results of stationary research in two directions are shown: climatic (implemented at ecological and climatic stations of turbulent pulsations) and landscape-ecological (implemented on the basis of field measurements and processing of remote information). The long-term stationary observations on the territory of the reserve provide extensive material for the study of natural processes and can serve as a basis for creating a national network of environmental monitoring.

A publication that can hardly be overestimated

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Kh.I. Bakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Significance ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The article analyzes the three-volume edition «History of kabardino-circassian literature», prepared by a team of literary scholars of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for Humanitarian Research, the last volume of which was published recently. The difficult and long-term path of the creation of this scientific ore is traced, the changes that have taken place in the work project are indicated, their objective and subjective reasons are clarified. Initially, it was planned to study only the Kabardian literary process, but in the course of it, the authors added the work of Circassian writers, and then the literature created by the Adygs in the foreign diasporas, which increased the significance of the work. It is indicated that in the «History of kabardino-circassian literature» not all bright creative individuals have separate chapters. It is proposed, in addition to this edition, to write a monograph, where separately consider the work of B. Utizhev, Kh. Beshtokov, K. Duguzhev and poets and writers who have revealed their potential in recent years (there is such a plan in the sector of «Kabardino-Circassian literature» KBIGR. In conclusion the article emphasizes the theoretical and practical significance of the topical work of leading Adygean literary critics.

scholarly journals Medical Zoning of Kharkiv in 1945–91: Infrastructure Development and Accessibility of Care

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Advanced Planning ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Medical Infrastructure

The article studies the development of the Kharkiv medical infrastructure after the Second World War. The author argues that war destructions caused the disruption of medical network zoning as well as equal access of residents from different Kharkiv districts to health care, shortage of hospitals’ spaces, and difficulties in further modernization of medical facilities. Despite the intensive construction of hospitals since the 1960s, the situation had not changed significantly due to population growth and rapid industrial and housing construction that outstripped the medical infrastructure development. The article provides evidence that the main contributor to technological renovation of Kharkiv healthcare system were the local industrial enterprises. In the period of 1970-80s, the policy in development of medical infrastructure made an important turn: the local Communist Party executives had realized the need for advanced planning of the health care development in the city and oblast with the implementation of the best domestic and world experience. The priorities of the long-term development plan of the health facilities in Kharkiv were the creation of the ambulance system, large multi-profile medical complex, specialization, and proximity of the outpatient and polyclinic care to the population. Studying the history of plan development and implementation is vital for an understanding of the degree of freedom in actions of local authorities on the background of centralization and the Communist Party control in the late USSR. On the one hand, the history of the post-war Kharkiv medical infrastructure confirms the typical for large Soviet cities lagging of services behind industry and housing development. At the same time, the implementation of the long-term plan for the health care system development led to the creation of the integral, available, and modern healthcare system that is naturally included in the spatial configuration of Kharkiv.

scholarly journals On the works of Nicholas K. Roerich in the Primorye State Art Gallery

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Е.П. Яковлева
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

В статье, основанной на материалах многолетних исследований автора, рассматриваются два произведения Николая Константиновича Рериха из собрания Приморской государственной картинной галереи. Внимание заостряется на причастности пейзажа «Туман» (1907) к серии «Финляндских этюдов» художника, а этюда «Дорожка» (1908) — к известной петербургской коллекции, в 1910-е годы принадлежавшей А.В. и Е.Л. Румановым. В настоящее время коллекция Румановых рассеяна по двадцати пяти государственным музеям бывшего Советского Союза. Больше всего произведений входит в собрание Русского музея. В Приморской картинной галерее хранится всего одна работа — этюд Рериха «Дорожка», и по ней довольно сложно судить о масштабе коллекции Румановых и месте данного этюда в числе других работ художника, входивших в ее состав. Уточнение истории создания и бытования обоих пейзажей Н.К. Рериха из собрания Приморской картинной галереи имеет важное значение для их изучения и научной каталогизации, а также для просветительской деятельности галереи. The article, based on the materials of the author's long-term research, examines two works by Nicholas Konstantinovich Roerich from the collection of the Primorye State Art Gallery. Attention is focused on the involvement of the landscape “Fog” (1907) in the series of “Finnish sketches” by the artist, and the sketch “Path” (1908) — in the famous St. Petersburg collection, in the 1910s owned by A.V. and E.L. Rumanov. Currently, the Rumanov collection is scattered across twenty-five state museums of the former Soviet Union. Most of the works are included in the collection of the Russian Museum. The Primorye Art Gallery has only one work — Roerich's sketch “The Path”, and it is quite difficult to judge the scale of the Rumanov collection and the place of this sketch among other works of the artist that were part of it. Clarification of the history of the creation and existence of both landscapes by N.K. Roerich from the collection of the Primorye Art Gallery is important for their study and scientific cataloging, as well as for the educational activities of the gallery.

scholarly journals Femmes d’acier. Les communistes espagnoles et la Federation Democratique Internationale des Femmes (1945-1950) = Mujeres de acero. Las comunistas españolas y la Federación Democrática Internacional de Mujeres (1945-1950) = Steel women. Spanish communists and the Women’s International Democratic Federation (1945-1950)

2020 ◽  
pp. 599
Author(s):  
Mercedes Yusta Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Political Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

Resumen: El artículo aborda una faceta poco conocida de la historia de la militancia de las mujeres comunistas españolas en el exilio: su participación en una organización internacional, la Federación Democrática Internacional de Mujeres, creada en Paris en 1945 con el objetivo de federar las organizaciones de mujeres antifascistas del mundo entero. Las comunistas españolas, con Dolores Ibárruri a la cabeza, tuvieron un papel muy importante en la definición de las estrategias y la propia organización de la Federación, la cual representa un caso de movilización femenina transnacional muy importante en el marco de la Guerra fría. El articulo resitúa la creación de organizaciones femeninas antifascistas en la larga duración, describe el papel de las comunistas españolas en el seno de la FDIM, y, finalmente, analiza la relación entre la FDIM y la movilización antifranquista, que incluye la creación de un lenguaje político común en el seno de este movimiento femenino, muy marcado por el materialismo político.Palabras clave: Mujeres, Comunismo, Exilio, Internacionalismo, Antifascismo, Guerra Fría.Abstract: The article addresses a little-known facet of the history of the militancy of Spanish communist women in exile : their participation in an international organization, the Women’s International Democratic Federation, created in Paris in 1945 with the aim of federating anti-fascist women’s organizations worldwide. The Spanish communists, led by Dolores Ibárruri, played a very important role in defining the strategies and organization of the Federation itself, which represents a very important case of transnational women’s mobilization in the context of the Cold War. The article discusses the creation of women’s anti-fascist organizations in the long term, describes the role of the Spanish communists within the FDIM, and finally analyzes the relationship between the FDIM and the anti-Franco mobilization, which includes the creation of a common political language within this women’s movement, very marked by political motherhood.Keywords: Women, Communism, Exile, Internationalism, Anti-fascism, Cold War.

scholarly journals Sea-land limits: a case study

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afranio R. de Mesquita ◽  
Denizar Blitzkow ◽  
Carlos A. S. França ◽  
Jorge L. A. Trabanco ◽  
Marco A. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Level Gauge ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Short History ◽  
National Network ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The limits between sea and land were estimated at "Pulso" beach located in the Southeastern Brazilian shelf (φ = 23°33/17.4886"S; Λ = 045° 13'13.0504"W - WGS84), between the island of São Sebastião and the city of Ubatuba, SP, Brazil. The relative sea level of the year 1831 at "Pulso" beach, as per Brazilian law Number 9760 dated from 1946, was estimated and materialized. The retro-estimation allowed the demarcation of the Legal Sea-Land Limits at "Pulso" beach as per the terms of the law. The accuracy of the procedure for the transference of the long-term sea level from the research station of Ubatuba to "Pulso" beach was assessed by parallel work of geometrical leveling referred to the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) geodetic network. The motivation, the hypotheses (Brest, Cananeia and IPCC) and the methods here used are described, together with a short history of the Legal Sea-Land Limits. The results indicated that the legal Sea-Land Limits at "Pulso" beach are well within the beach area. They were determined as per law 9760, and there is the need to reactivate the national network of sea level gauge.

scholarly journals Ten Years after the Creation of the Portuguese National Network for Long-Term Care in 2006: Achievements and Challenges

Health Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Lopes ◽  
Céu Mateus ◽  
Cristina Hernández-Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
National Network ◽  
The Creation

Organizacje ziemiańskie na terenie Galicji (1906–1919). Struktury, cele i zadania

Res Gestae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
Sławomir Wójs
Keyword(s):  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Way

The article reviews the history of landowners’ organisations in Austrian Galicia in a systematic manner. Its first part discusses the circumstances that contributed to the creation of separate landowners’ organisations. In addition to associations of large estates such as the United Conventions of Agricultural Circles (Zjednoczone Zjazdy Kół Rolniczych) and Soil Circles (Kółka Ziemian), which aimed at self-education, the phenomenon of the Landowners’ Union (ZwiązekZiemian) is also tackled. This was an institution of a banking character established to address one of the most serious problems standing in the way of further development and expansion: the lack of capital. In order to remedy that problem, the Landowners’ Union issued long-term loans to its members. In the next place, the process leading to the unification of landowners’ associations and the creation of Landowners’ Circles (Kółka Ziemiańskie) is analysed, whichput an end to the dualism of associations that existed in Galicia. The statutes of the respective organisations are discussed in a synthetic manner; readers will find out their nature, functions, and purposes.

scholarly journals Reconstructing solar magnetic fields from historical observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. A103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei A. Pevtsov ◽  
Kseniya A. Tlatova ◽  
Alexander A. Pevtsov ◽  
Elina Heikkinen ◽  
Ilpo Virtanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Solar Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Solar Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mount Wilson Observatory ◽  
Magnetic Field Measurements ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

Context. Systematic observations of magnetic field strength and polarity in sunspots began at Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO), USA in early 1917. Except for a few brief interruptions, this historical dataset has continued until the present. Aims. Sunspot field strength and polarity observations are critical in our project of reconstructing the solar magnetic field over the last hundred years. We provide a detailed description of the newly digitized dataset of drawings of sunspot magnetic field observations. Methods. The digitization of MWO drawings is based on a software package that we developed. It includes a semiautomatic selection of solar limbs and other features of the drawing, and a manual entry of the time of observations, measured field strength, and other notes handwritten on each drawing. The data are preserved in an MySQL database. Results. We provide a brief history of the project and describe the results from digitizing this historical dataset. We also provide a summary of the final dataset and describe its known limitations. Finally, we compare the sunspot magnetic field measurements with those from other instruments, and demonstrate that, if needed, the dataset could be continued using modern observations such as, for example, the Vector Stokes Magnetograph on the Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun platform.

scholarly journals Long-term studies of photospheric magnetic fields on the Sun

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Pevtsov ◽  
Luca Bertello ◽  
Yuri Nagovitsyn ◽  
Andrey Tlatov ◽  
Valery Pipin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sunspot Area ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Mount Wilson Observatory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Full Disk

We briefly review the history of observations of magnetic fields on the Sun, and  describe early magnetograps for full disk measurements. Changes in instruments and detectors, the cohort of observers, the knowledge base etc may result in non-uniformity of the long-term synoptic datasets. Still, such data are critical for detecting and understanding the long-term trends in solar activity. We demonstrate the value of historical data using studies of active region tilt (Joy's law) and the evolution of polar field and its reversal. Using the longest dataset of sunspot field strength measurements from Mount Wilson Observatory (1917-present) supplemented by shorter datasets from Pulkovo (1956--1997) and Crimean (1956--present) observatories we demonstrate that the magnetic properties of sunspots did not change over the last hundred years. We also show that the relationship between the sunspot area and its magnetic flux can be used to extend the studies of magnetic field in sunspots to periods with no direct magnetic field measurements. Finally, we show how more recent full disk observations of the vector magnetic field can be used to study the long-term (solar cycle) variations in  magnetic helicity on the Sun.

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