scholarly journals Student Performance in Online Classes at a Hispanic-Serving Institution: A Study of the Impact of Student Characteristics in Online Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Student Characteristics ◽  
Near Neighbor ◽  
Online Students ◽  
Course Enrollment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Hispanic Serving ◽  
Student Grades ◽  
The Impact

As online enrollment increases in the United States, it is important to understand the impact of course modality on student outcomes. In particular, there has been limited research on the effect of course enrollment at Hispanic-serving institutions (HSI). The current study evaluated the effect of online course enrollment on student grades and on student withdrawal rates by comparing outcomes in online and face-to-face classes. The main innovation of this study is to use propensity score analysis to control for 15 different student characteristics as a way to control for the selection bias introduced when students self-select into different course modalities. The study used data from a large, public, HSI in the mountain west during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 academic years. Baseline results on a two-sample t-test indicated that online students have significantly higher course grades, and non-significantly different withdrawal rates before controlling for student characteristics. The study used a propensity score analysis (PSA) to control for 15 confounding covariates after testing three different PSA models: near-neighbor matching, Mahalanobis’ metric, and optimal matching. After evaluating each model for validity and sensitivity, a near-neighbor 1:2 matching PSA shows a non-significant difference in student grades, and higher withdrawal rates in online classes than face-to-face classes. Given these results, institutions should ensure that they are providing adequate academic support for online students to improve retention and success rates for online students.

scholarly journals Burden of motorcyclists without helmets in a state without a universal helmet law: a propensity score analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000583
Author(s):  
Michael D Jones ◽  
Joel G Eastes ◽  
Damjan Veljanoski ◽  
Kristina M Chapple ◽  
James N Bogert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundAlthough helmets are associated with reduction in mortality from motorcycle collisions, many states have failed to adopt universal helmet laws for motorcyclists, in part on the grounds that prior research is limited by study design (historical controls) and confounding variables. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of helmet use in motorcycle collisions with hospital charges and mortality in trauma patients with propensity score analysis in a state without a universal helmet law.MethodsMotorcycle collision data from the Arizona State Trauma Registry from 2014 to 2017 were propensity score matched by regressing helmet use on patient age, sex, race/ethnicity, alcohol intoxication, illicit drug use, and comorbidities. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the impact of helmet use.ResultsOur sample consisted of 6849 cases, of which 3699 (54.0%) were helmeted and 3150 (46.0%) without helmets. The cohort was 88.1% male with an average age of 40.9±16.0 years. Helmeted patients were less likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (20.3% vs. 23.7%, OR 0.82 (0.72–0.93)) and ventilated (7.8% vs. 12.0%, OR 0.62 (0.52–0.75)). Propensity-matched analyses consisted of 2541 pairs and demonstrated helmet use to be associated with an 8% decrease in hospital charges (B −0.075 (0.034)) and a 56% decrease in mortality (OR 0.44 (0.31–0.58)).DiscussionIn a state without mandated helmet use for all motorcyclists, the burden of the unhelmeted rider is significant with respect to lives lost and healthcare charges incurred. Although the helmet law debate with respect to civil liberties is complex and unsettled, it appears clear that helmet use is strongly associated with both survival and less economic encumbrance on the state.Level of evidenceLevel III, prognostic and epidemiological.

scholarly journals Propensity score analysis exploring the impact of smoking and drinking on the prognosis of patients with oral cancer

Head & Neck ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1837-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Bao ◽  
Fengqiong Liu ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Exploring the Impact of an AVRS Curfew Program on Recidivism of Juvenile Probationers in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 4425-4444
Author(s):  
Younoh Cho ◽  
Jeff Mellow
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Monitoring Strategy ◽  
Probation Office ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Juvenile Probationers ◽  
The Impact

Community corrections agencies across the world have adopted biometric technologies as a security tool and cost-effective monitoring strategy. This study investigates the effectiveness of the automated voiceprint recognition supervision (AVRS) curfew program for 386 Korean juvenile probationers from the Seoul Probation Office. Although the AVRS curfew program in Korea has been in effect for more than 14 years, effectiveness of the program has not been fully tested. A propensity score analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the AVRS program, controlling for potential covariates of referring juveniles to the program. Contrary to expectations, a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the innovative curfew program is a statistically significant factor in increasing the odds of recidivism. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for court-ordered juvenile curfew programs.

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