scholarly journals Prostate cancer risk by occupation in the Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS) in Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeavana Sritharan ◽  
Jill S. MacLeod ◽  
Christopher B. McLeod ◽  
Alice Peter ◽  
Paul A. Demers
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Surveillance System

Introduction Previous Canadian epidemiologic studies have identified associations between occupations and prostate cancer risk, though evidence is limited. However, there are no well-established preventable risk factors for prostate cancer, which warrants the need for further investigation into occupational factors to strengthen existing evidence. This study uses occupation and prostate cancer information from a large surveillance cohort in Ontario that linked workers’ compensation claim data to administrative health databases. Methods Occupations were examined using the Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS). ODSS included 1 231 177 male workers for the 1983 to 2015 period, whose records were linked to the Ontario Cancer Registry (OCR) in order to identify and follow up on prostate cancer diagnoses. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate age-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI to estimate the risk of prostate cancer by occupation group. Results A total of 34 997 prostate cancer cases were diagnosed among workers in ODSS. Overall, elevated prostate cancer risk was observed for men employed in man¬agement/administration (HR 2.17, 95% CI = 1.98–2.38), teaching (HR 1.99, 95% CI = 1.79–2.21), transportation (HR 1.20, 95% CI = 1.16–1.24), construction (HR 1.09, 95% CI = 1.06–1.12), firefighting (HR 1.62, 95% CI = 1.47–1.78), and police work (HR 1.20, 95% CI = 1.10–1.32). Inconsistent findings were observed for clerical and farm¬ing occupations. Conclusion Associations observed in white collar, construction, transportation, and protective services occupations were consistent with previous Canadian studies. Findings emphasize the need to assess job-specific exposures, sedentary behaviour, psy¬chological stress, and shift work. Understanding specific occupational risk factors can lead to better understanding of prostate cancer etiology and improve prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Establishing the Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS) for Ontario: a linkage of administrative data

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill MacLeod ◽  
Chloe Logar-Henderson ◽  
Chris McLeod ◽  
Alice Peter ◽  
Paul A Demers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Administrative Health Databases

IntroductionWorkplace conditions and exposures are important determinants of health. However, identifying and monitoring population-level trends in work-related disease is challenged by existing data limitations. Administrative health databases capture timely and accurate information about disease diagnoses among the Ontario population, but these data do not include work history. Objectives and ApproachThe Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS), launched in 2017, captures and reports trends in work-related disease in Ontario. A cohort of 2+ million workers was identified from compensation claims (1983-2014). Records were linked through probabilistic and deterministic methods to the Registered Persons Database (1990-2015), and administrative health databases including the Ontario Cancer Registry (1964-2016), hospitalization (2006-2016), ambulatory care (2006-2016) and provincial health insurance plan billing data (1999-2016). Preliminary applications of ODSS have examined risks of 28 cancer sites and 11 non-cancer health conditions. Risks are estimated with Cox proportional hazards models for thousands of industry and occupation groups. ResultsLinkage of existing administrative databases is an efficient approach for examining risk factors for work-related disease at the population level. ODSS can identify groups of workers by industry or occupation that are at increased risk of disease due to known or suspected workplace conditions and risk factors. For example, ODSS detected elevated risk of lung cancer among known at-risk workers employed in mining and quarrying (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.33-1.61), transport equipment operating (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.34-1.44), and construction (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.13). Exploratory analyses can also detect previously unknown associations between work-related risk factors and disease. For example, although dermatitis and asthma are common occupational diseases, many causative exposures remain unclear. ODSS is currently being used to further explore potential risk factors. Conclusion/ImplicationsTimely information about work-related disease is crucial to support prevention initiatives to protect workers. This novel linkage identifies existing and emerging trends in occupational disease in Ontario. By capturing work-related risk factors, ODSS serves as a model for other provinces to overcome existing gaps in disease surveillance.

Breast cancer risk by occupation and industry in women and men: Results from the Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeavana Sritharan ◽  
Jill S. MacLeod ◽  
Mamadou Dakouo ◽  
Maria Qadri ◽  
Chris B. McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Surveillance System

Incidence of acute myocardial infarction in the workforce: Findings from the Occupational Disease Surveillance System

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-357
Author(s):  
Natalie Troke ◽  
Chloë Logar‐Henderson ◽  
Nathan DeBono ◽  
Mamadou Dakouo ◽  
Selena Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Surveillance System

scholarly journals Multi-cohort modeling strategies for scalable globally accessible prostate cancer risk tools

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Tolksdorf ◽  
Michael W. Kattan ◽  
Stephen A. Boorjian ◽  
Stephen J. Freedland ◽  
Karim Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Prediction Tools ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Online clinical risk prediction tools built on data from multiple cohorts are increasingly being utilized for contemporary doctor-patient decision-making and validation. This report outlines a comprehensive data science strategy for building such tools with application to the Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group prostate cancer risk prediction tool. Methods We created models for high-grade prostate cancer risk using six established risk factors. The data comprised 8492 prostate biopsies collected from ten institutions, 2 in Europe and 8 across North America. We calculated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for discrimination, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test statistic (HLS) for calibration and the clinical net benefit at risk threshold 15%. We implemented several internal cross-validation schemes to assess the influence of modeling method and individual cohort on validation performance. Results High-grade disease prevalence ranged from 18% in Zurich (1863 biopsies) to 39% in UT Health San Antonio (899 biopsies). Visualization revealed outliers in terms of risk factors, including San Juan VA (51% abnormal digital rectal exam), Durham VA (63% African American), and Zurich (2.8% family history). Exclusion of any cohort did not significantly affect the AUC or HLS, nor did the choice of prediction model (pooled, random-effects, meta-analysis). Excluding the lowest-prevalence Zurich cohort from training sets did not statistically significantly change the validation metrics for any of the individual cohorts, except for Sunnybrook, where the effect on the AUC was minimal. Therefore the final multivariable logistic model was built by pooling the data from all cohorts using logistic regression. Higher prostate-specific antigen and age, abnormal digital rectal exam, African ancestry and a family history of prostate cancer increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer, while a history of a prior negative prostate biopsy decreased risk (all p-values < 0.004). Conclusions We have outlined a multi-cohort model-building internal validation strategy for developing globally accessible and scalable risk prediction tools.

Androgen independent progression in prostate cancer: Risk factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
C. Auzanneau ◽  
J. Irani ◽  
L. Dahmani ◽  
F. Ouaki ◽  
C. Pirès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Androgen Independent

Prostate cancer risk calculators for healthy population: A systematic review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bandala-Jacques ◽  
Kevin Daniel Castellanos Esquivel ◽  
Fernanda Pérez-Hurtado ◽  
Cristobal Hernández-Silva ◽  
Nancy Reynoso-Noverón
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Screening for prostate cancer has long been a debated, complex topic. The use of risk calculators for prostate cancer is recommended for determining patients’ individual risk of cancer and the subsequent need for a prostate biopsy. These tools could lead to a better discrimination of patients in need of invasive diagnostic procedures and for optimized allocation of healthcare resources OBJECTIVE To systematically review available literature on current prostate cancer risk calculators’ performance in healthy population, by comparing the impact factor of individual items on different cohorts, and the models’ overall performance. METHODS We performed a systematic review of available prostate cancer risk calculators targeted at healthy population. We included studies published from January 2000 to March 2021 in English, Spanish, French, Portuguese or German. Two reviewers independently decided for or against inclusion based on abstracts. A third reviewer intervened in case of disagreements. From the selected titles, we extracted information regarding the purpose of the manuscript, the analyzed calculators, the population for which it was calibrated, the included risk factors, and the model’s overall accuracy. RESULTS We included a total of 18 calculators across 53 different manuscripts. The most commonly analyzed ones were they PCPT and ERSPC risk calculators, developed from North American and European cohorts, respectively. Both calculators provided high precision for the diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer (AUC as high as 0.798 for PCPT and 0.91 for ERSPC). We found 9 calculators developed from scratch for specific populations, which reached diagnostic precisions as high as 0.938. The most commonly included risk factors in the calculators were age, PSA levels and digital rectal examination findings. Additional calculators included race and detailed personal and family history CONCLUSIONS Both the PCPR and the ERSPC risk calculators have been successfully adapted for cohorts other than the ones they were originally created for with no loss of diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, designing calculators from scratch considering each population’s sociocultural differences has resulted in risk tools that can be well adapted to be valid in more patients. The best risk calculator for prostate cancer will be that which was has been calibrated for its intended population and can be easily reproduced and implemented CLINICALTRIAL CRD42021242110

scholarly journals Dermatitis among workers in Ontario: results from the Occupational Disease Surveillance System

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharara Shakik ◽  
Victoria Arrandale ◽  
Dorothy Linn Holness ◽  
Jill S MacLeod ◽  
Christopher B McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Cohort Entry ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Physician Billing ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

ObjectivesDermatitis is the most common occupational skin disease, and further evidence is needed regarding preventable risk factors. The Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS) derived from administrative data was used to investigate dermatitis risk among industry and occupation groups in Ontario.MethodsODSS cohort members were identified from Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) accepted lost time claims. A case was defined as having ≥2 dermatitis physician billing claims during a 12-month period within 3 years of cohort entry. A 3-year look-back period prior to cohort entry was used to exclude prevalent cases without a WSIB claim. Workers were followed for 3 years or until dermatitis diagnosis, age 65 years, emigration, death or end of follow-up (31 December 2016), whichever occurred first. Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models estimated HRs and 95% CIs. The risk of dermatitis was explored using a job exposure matrix that identifies exposure to asthmagens, many of which also cause contact dermatitis.ResultsAmong 597 401 workers, 23 843 cases of new-onset dermatitis were identified. Expected elevated risks were observed among several groups including furniture and fixture industries, food and beverage preparation and chemicals, petroleum, rubber, plastic and related materials processing occupations and workers exposed to metal working fluids and organic solvents. Decreased risk was observed among farmers, nurses and construction industries, and occupations exposed to latex and indoor cleaning products.ConclusionsODSS can contribute to occupational dermatitis surveillance in Ontario by identifying occupational groups at risk of dermatitis that can then be prioritised for prevention activities.

Abstract 3327: Correlating blood-based DNA methylation markers and prostate cancer risk factors in African-American men

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Kwabi-Addo ◽  
Emmauel Moses-Fynn ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Desta Beyene ◽  
Victor Apprey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
African American ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors
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