scholarly journals Effect of Bioplex™ on Transplant Success of Non-Dormant Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Sammons ◽  
Daniel K. Struve
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Biostimulants are used to reduce the stress associated with non-dormant (summer dug) harvest of field-grown nursery stock; however, the effectiveness of biostimulant treatment is uncertain. This study tested the effects of three application methods of Bioplex™ (a commonly used biostimulant) to container-grown red oak seedlings on whole plant transpirational water use and growth before and after root pruning. Root pruning was used to simulate field harvest; it removed 59% of the seedling's total root surface area. Bioplex™ application by foliar spray, soil drench or a combination of foliar spray and soil drench, significantly reduced whole plant transpirational water use by 15% for three days after application, relative to untreated control seedlings. Root pruning significantly reduced whole plant transpiration, compared to non-root-pruned seedlings, and had a greater effect on transpiration than any Bioplex™ treatment. The previous season's Bioplex treatment had no effect on the spring growth flush following fall root pruning. Root pruning in fall significantly reduced root and total plant dry weights the following spring. Although Bioplex™ applications significantly reduced transpiration for three days after application, there does not seem to be any long-term beneficial effect when used to mediate summer digging transplant stress.

scholarly journals Cultural Practices Can Influence Root Development for Better Transplanting Success

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Gary W. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Careful Preparation ◽  
Nursery Stock

Stress in transplanted nursery stock is caused primarily by the drastic reduction of the root system. Unsatisfactory soil conditions at the planting site reduces root regeneration and prolongs the stress. Root pruning can be used effectively to increase the amount of fine root surface area in the root ball. Careful preparation of the planting site will provide a favorable environment for root growth following transplanting.

scholarly journals Improvements in the Root Morphology, Physiology, and Anatomy of Platycladus orientalis Seedlings from Air-root Pruning

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750-1756
Author(s):  
Zhipei Feng ◽  
Xitian Yang ◽  
Hongyan Liang ◽  
Yuhua Kong ◽  
Dafeng Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Platycladus Orientalis

Air-root pruning (AP) has been identified as an effective technique for enhancing root growth and development. However, little information is available regarding the temporal changes in the root system of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco under AP. We performed integrated morphological, physiological, and anatomical analyses of the roots in P. orientalis seedlings that had been air-root pruned for 120, 150, and 190 days. Our results found that the whole root length, number of root tips, and root surface area of AP seedlings at 120, 150, and 190 days were higher than those of the non–root-pruned (NP) seedlings (P < 0.05), but the average root diameter did not differ significantly between the treatments. Compared with NP treatment, AP increased the root length, surface area, number of tips, and specific root length of the ≤0.5 mm diameter roots in P. orientalis during the experimental periods (P < 0.05), but those of 0.5- to 1-mm-diameter roots were only increased on day 190 (P < 0.05). The AP plants also exhibited higher root vitality and proportion of live fine roots than the NP plants (P < 0.05). Our anatomical evaluation of the ≤0.5 mm roots and taproots revealed features that could account for the morphological differences found between the AP and NP plants. In conclusion, our results indicate that air-root pruning induced changes in the roots that promote the root system development in P. orientalis compared with the NP treatment during the experimental period. These results thus provide experimental evidence to support the use of AP in P. orientalis seedlings.

scholarly journals Production Method Affects Growth and Post-transplant Establishment of `East Palatka' Holly

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roger Harris ◽  
Edward F. Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Carbon Assimilation Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Production Period

Growth and physiological responses before and after transplanting to a simulated landscape were studied for `East Palatka' holly (Ilex ×attenuata Ashe `East Palatka') grown in plastic containers (PC), in the ground in fabric containers (FC), or in the ground conventionally. At the end of a 15-month production period, trees grown in PC had more shoot dry weight and leaf area than trees grown in FC, and they had thinner trunks than field-grown trees. Root balls on harvested field-grown trees contained 55% and those grown in FC 65% of total-tree root surface area. Trees transplanted from FC had the lowest predawn leaf xylem potential and required more frequent post-transplant irrigation than trees grown in PC or in the ground. Carbon assimilation rate and stomata1 conductance in the first week after transplanting were highest for trees planted from PC. Dry weight of regenerated roots was similar for all production methods 4 months after transplanting from the nursery, but trees grown in PC had SO% more regenerated root length, and the roots extended further into the back-fill soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Bioplex™ on Transplant Success and Recovery of Summer-dug Goldenraintree

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Sammons ◽  
Daniel K. Struve
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Transplant Survival ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Effect On Growth

Abstract Biostimulants are intended to reduce stress associated with non-dormant (summer-dug) harvest of field-grown nursery stock; however, the effectiveness of biostimulant treatment is uncertain. We tested the effects of three application methods of Bioplex™ (a biostimulant) on transpiration rates, transplant survival, and recovery of field-grown goldenraintree (Koelrueteria paniculata Laxm.), which is considered difficult to transplant and is rarely summer dug. Bioplex™ was applied as a foliar spray, soil drench, or a combination of foliar spray and soil drench. Bioplex™ reduced transpiration rates of trees by 12% compared to untreated control trees. Root loss associated with digging reduced transpiration rates and had a greater effect on transpiration than any Bioplex™ treatment. Survival 12 months after transplanting was 100%. Bioplex™ treatments applied before digging had no effect on growth after transplanting. Transplanted trees had reduced caliper growth and shoot extension the season after transplant compared to non-dug controls. Although Bioplex™ reduced transpiration rates for three to five days after application in non-dug trees, there were no long-term benefits to survival or re-growth to summer transplanted trees.

scholarly journals Phenotypic plasticity of root traits for improving deficit irrigation and growth performance in maize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Urfan ◽  
Haroon Rashid Hakla ◽  
Shubham Sharma ◽  
Mansi Sharma ◽  
Manu Khajuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Plants

AbstractRoot system architecture (RSAch) is central to drought management in plants. In this study, the mechanism of paclobutrazol (PBZ)-mediated improvement in tolerance to water deficit using five maize varieties was investigated. Comprehensive pot experiments were conducted during 2017, 2018 and 2019 and maize plants were subjected to 60% of evapotranspiration demand both in early deficit (EDI) and terminal deficit (TDI) irrigation regimes. Findings revealed that application of PBZ decreased plant height; while traits like stem diameter, root biomass, root length and root surface area under EDI and TDI improved significantly. Structural equation modelling of root traits revealed PBZ induced increase in root surface area (RSA) and length of seminal roots in EDI. For TDI, PBZ induced changes in RSA, length of seminal and brace roots and several reproductive attributes of the plant. Altogether, these findings propose improvement of root traits as an effective strategy to increase Water Use Efficiency of maize varieties with minimal impact on agronomic traits.Abstract FigureFigure graphical AbstractLife cycle of maize plants (Zea mays L.) is sensitive towards soil water availability, in particular establishment of young maize plants (from 0 days after sowing (DAS) to 35 DAS, early deficit irrigation, EDI) and 50 DAS to 65 DAS, a phase showing transition of vegetative to reproductive stage. Maize being a rain fed crop is mainly dependent upon rainwater, thus late arrival of monsoon or shorter spell of monsoon period in Indian sub continent poses water deficit or drought like conditions, consequently affecting the establishment of young plants and successful transition of vegetative to reproductive phase. In current study, early deficit irrigation (EDI) supplied 60% of the evapotranspiration demand (EVTD) commenced with or without paclobutrazol (PBZ) on 15 DAS to 35 DAS (for a period of 20 days) young maize plants mimicked the late arrival of monsoon by a period of 10-15 days. While, terminal deficit irrigation (TDI) supplied 60% of EVTD with or without PBZ at 54 DAS to 104 DAS (for a period of 50 days) plants mimicked shorter spell of monsoon, thereby reducing the soil water availability, affecting successful transition of vegetative to reproductive phase and formation of reproductive structures. Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed improved root traits and their contribution in enhancing water use efficiency resulting in better adaptation of maize under EDI and TDI, more specifically when applied with paclobutrazol. Happy maize plants in terms of improved water use efficiency (WUE) under TDI resulted in more cob yield specifically with paclobutrazol application, leading to enhanced farmers income and economic prosperity.

Effect of Root Pruning on Root Efficiency, Water Use and Yield of Winter Wheat*

2010 ◽  
Vol 2009 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-609
Author(s):  
Shouchen MA ◽  
Bingcheng XU ◽  
Fengmin LI ◽  
Zhanbin HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Root Efficiency

scholarly journals Effects of Ridge Tillage and Straw Mulching on Cultivation the Fresh Faba Beans

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Xinyu Chen ◽  
Xiaoxu Shi ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Yafeng Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Ridge Tillage

Ridge tillage is an effective agronomic practice and a miniature precision agriculture; however, its effects on the growth of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of ridge tillage and straw mulching on the root growth, nutrient accumulation and yield of faba beans. Field experiments were conducted during 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons and comprised four treatments: ridge tillage without any mulching (RT), flat tillage without any mulch (FT), flat tillage with rice straw mulched on the ridge tillage (FTRSM) and ridge tillage with rice straw mulched on the ridge tillage (RTRSM). The RT and RTRSM increased soil temperature and decreased soil humidity and improved soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter. RT and RTRSM increased the root length density, root surface area, root diameter and root activity of faba beans at flowering and harvest periods. The RT and RTRSM also increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium absorption and the yield of faba beans. These results indicated that ridge tillage and straw mulching affect faba bean growth by improving soil moisture conditions and providing good air permeability and effective soil nutrition supply. This study provides a theoretical basis for the high yield cultivation improvement of faba beans.

scholarly journals Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Reduced N Fertilization on Plant Growth, Root Morphology and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Grown in Soilless Culture

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
Hanping Mao ◽  
Ghulam Rasool ◽  
Hongyan Gao ◽  
Qaiser Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Irrigation Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various irrigation water (W) and nitrogen (N) levels on growth, root-shoot morphology, yield, and irrigation water use efficiency of greenhouse tomatoes in spring–summer and fall–winter. The experiment consisted of three irrigation water levels (W: 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), 80%, and 60% of full irrigation) and three N application levels (N: 100%, 75%, and 50% of the standard nitrogen concentration in Hoagland’s solution treatments equivalent to 15, 11.25, 7.5 mM). All the growth parameters of tomato significantly decreased (p < 0.05) with the decrease in the amount of irrigation and nitrogen application. Results depicted that a slight decrease in irrigation and an increase in N supply improved average root diameter, total root length, and root surface area, while the interaction was observed non-significant at average diameter of roots. Compared to the control, W80 N100 was statistically non-significant in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. The W80 N100 resulted in a yield decrease of 2.90% and 8.75% but increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by 21.40% and 14.06%. Among interactions, the reduction in a single factor at W80 N100 and W100 N75 compensated the growth and yield. Hence, W80 N100 was found to be optimal regarding yield and IWUE, with 80% of irrigation water and 15 mM of N fertilization for soilless tomato production in greenhouses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document