Antifungal activity analysis of 3 essential oils (thyme, ajwainand orange) on candida albicans

Background: Oral candidiasis is caused by the mycotic activity of Candida albicans present in the oral cavity, and it is one of the most common opportunistic infections found in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The growing resistance and side effects to common antifungal drugs have promoted herbal essential oils as antifungal agents in recent years. In this study, essential oils (EO) of Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae) were examined for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida species. Purpose: To evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis (Lamiaceae) and nystatin using the microdilution technique by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of Candida spesies. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test-only design conducted in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya. Forty isolates consisted of twenty isolates of Candida albicans and twenty isolates of Candida non-albicans were collected. The isolates were tested for antifungal activity using the microdilution on 96-well plates. Result: There was a significant difference from the results of the MIC concentration of rosemary essential 100% to 6.25% microdilution method between nystatin and rosemary essential oil (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The antifungal activity of rosemary essential oil was better than nystatin that the lowest MIC value, which was 6.25%, has been obtained the microdilution method. The minimum fungicidal concentration of rosemary essential oil was 25%, while the minimum fungicidal concentration nystatin was higher than 100%.

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In vitro antifungal activity of essential oils against fluconazole-susceptible and-resistant Candida albicans

10.26226/morressier.5ac39995d462b8028d899f6c ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

F. Katiraee

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

In Vitro Antifungal Activity

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Comparison of In Vitro Testing Antifungal Activity between Rosemary Essentials Oil and Fluconazol on Candida species Isolate from HIV/AIDS Patients with Candidiasis Oral

Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin ◽

10.20473/bikk.v32.3.2020.182-188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Putri Intan Primasari ◽

Dwi Murtiastutik ◽

Pepy Dwi Endraswari ◽

Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa ◽

Evy Ervianti

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Candida Sp ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rosemary Essential Oil ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: The most common opportunistic infection obtained in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is Oral Candidiasis (OC). Currently widely reported about increased fluconazole resistance, as a therapy that is often used in patients with HIV/AIDS with OC. For this reason, effective antifungal agents are needed as alternative therapies. Several studies have reported some antifungal activity from rosemary essential oils. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antifungal activity between rosemary essential oils and fluconazole against the isolates used by Candida sp. taken from HIV / AIDS patients with OC. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only design of 40 Candida sp. isolates from HIV / AIDS patients with OC in the Outpatient Unit and Inpatient Installation of the Infectious Disease Intermediate Care Unit (UPIPI) Dr. Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital, Surabaya. Examination of antifungal activity using conventional test methods with disk diffusion. Result: Disk diffusion test result revealed average inhibition zone of rosemary essential oil in Candida albicans 1,75±3,64 mm and Candida non-albicans 1,5±3,08 mm, while the average inhibition zone of fluconazole in Candida albicans 17,9±8,62 mm and Candida non-albicans 4,85±7,9 mm. There was significant difference (p <0.001) between the inhibition zone formed in Candida albicans by fluconazole and rosemary essential oil, but no significant difference of inhibition zone formed in Candida non-albicans. Conclusion: Antifungal activity fluconazole has greater than Rosemary essential oils in Candida albicans.

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Effect of seasonality on chemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oil isolated from leaves Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5476 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5476 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Delmacia G. de Macêdo ◽

Marta Maria A. Souza ◽

Maria Flaviana B. Morais-Braga ◽

Henrique Douglas M. Coutinho ◽

Antonia Thassya L. dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Fungal Resistance ◽

Chemical Profile ◽

Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the search for components that are capable of neutralizing the multiple mechanisms of fungal resistance. Psidium salutare (Kunth) O. Berg is a plant native to Brazil used as both food and traditional medicine to treat diseases and symptoms such as stomach ache and diarrhea, whose symptoms could be related to fungal infections from the genus Candida. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of seasonal variability on the chemical composition of the Psidium salutare essential oil, its antifungal potential and its effect on the Candida albicans morphogenesis. The essential oils were collected in three different seasonal collection periods and isolated by the hydrodistillation process in a modified Clevenger apparatus with identification of the chemical composition determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antifungal assays were performed against Candida strains through the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Fungal growth was assessed by optical density reading and the Candida albicans dimorphic effect was evaluated by optical microscopy in microculture chambers. The chemical profile of the essential oils identified 40 substances in the different collection periods with γ-terpinene being the predominant constituent. The antifungal activity revealed an action against the C. albicans, C. krusei and C. tropicalis strains with an IC50 ranging from 345.5 to 2,754.2 µg/mL and a MFC higher than 1,024 µg/mL. When combined with essential oils at sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/16), fluconazole had its potentiated effect, i.e. a synergistic effect was observed in the combination of fluconazole with P.salutare oil against all Candida strains; however, for C. albicans, its effect was reinforced by the natural product in all the collection periods. The results show that the Psidium salutare oil affected the dimorphic transition capacity, significantly reducing the formation of hyphae and pseudohyphae in increasing concentrations. The results show that P. salutare oil exhibits a significant antifungal activity against three Candida species and that it can act in synergy with fluconazole. These results support the notion that this plant may have a potential use in pharmaceutical and preservative products.

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THE ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENTS OF JERINGAU (Acorus calamus L.) RHIZOMES AND THEIR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AGAINST Candida albicans

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine ◽

10.24843/jhsm.2017.v01.i01.p09 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wiwik Susanah Rita ◽

Retno Kawuri ◽

I Made Dira Swantara

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Trans Methyl

Acorus calamus L. rhizome was trusted having antibacterial activity. This study aimed to identify the compounds in the Acorus Calamus L. rhizomes essential oils and to recognize the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida albicans. The extraction of essential oils from rhizome was carried out by steam distillation technique. Identification of compounds in the oils was conducted by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS), while the antifungal test against Candida albicans was done by well diffusion method. Extraction of 10 kg of rhizomes produced 16.53 mL essential oil with a yield of 0.1653% (? = 1.066), the oil was brownish yellow and very flavorful. GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil contained 11 compounds, they are (E)-3,7 dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene (trans-?-Ocimene) (3,73%), linalool (1,07%), ?-elemene (1,15%), trans methyl isoeugenol (7,68%), shyobunon (15,74%), bicyclogermakren (0,93%), dehidroxy-isocalamendiol (2,61%), ?-calacorene (3,34%), euasarone (26,84), cis-asarone (18,62%); dan trans- asarone (18,29%). Antifungal activity test showed that the growth and biomass inhibition of C. albicans increased with the increase of the oil concentration. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of essential oil toward C. albicans was 1% with the inhibition of 7.83 mm.

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Chemical composition and in vitro activity of Origanum vulgare L., Satureja hortensis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils towards oral isolates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2020-0011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 108-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomasz Baj ◽

Anna Biernasiuk ◽

Rafał Wróbel ◽

Anna Malm

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Satureja Hortensis ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Thymus Serpyllum

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to investigate the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from: Origanum vulgare L., Satureja hortensis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) cultivated in Poland, and to study their antifungal activity towards clinical isolates of oral Candida spp. The hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed using the GC-MS method. The antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro against oral isolates and reference strains of Candida albicans and C. glabrata, using the broth microdilution method according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, allowing for estimation of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC). GC-MS analysis revealed that carvacrol was the main EO compound in oregano and summer savory, while thymol and linalool were the major ingredients of thyme and wild thyme oils, respectively. The EOs possessed fungicidal activity against C. albicans and C. glabrata, including oral isolates, with MIC = 125 – 2000 mg/L, MFC = 250 – 4000 mg/L and MFC/MIC = 1 – 4, depending on the yeast and plant species. The most active was thyme oil – with MIC = 125 – 500 mg/L, MFC = 250 – 500 mg/L and MFC/MIC = 1 – 2.

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Antifungal Activity of Commercial Essential Oils and Biocides against Candida Albicans

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens7010015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Elisa Serra ◽

Lilia Hidalgo-Bastida ◽

Joanna Verran ◽

David Williams ◽

Sladjana Malic

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils

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Antifungal properties of Foeniculum vulgare, Carum carvi and Eucalyptus sp. essential oils against Candida albicans strains

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1324195s ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 195-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jelica Skrobonja ◽

Dafina Delic ◽

Maja Karaman ◽

Milan Matavulj ◽

Mirjana Bogavac

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Foeniculum Vulgare ◽

Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽

Carum Carvi ◽

Microdilution Method

Aromatic plants are among the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, with high antimicrobal potential. This study was carried out to examine in vitro antifungal activity of Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae), Carum carvi (Apiaceae) and Eucalyptus sp.(Myrtaceae) essential oils against three Candida albicans strains of different origin (laboratory-CAL, human pulmonary-CAH and ATCC10231-CAR). The essential oils were screened on C. albicans using disc and well-diffusion and microdilution method, and compared to Nystatine and Fluconazole as standard anti-mycotics. The activity of tested oils was expressed by inhibition zone diameter (mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) (mg/ml). The results indicated that studied essential oils show antifungal activity against all three isolates of C. albicans. It was observed that each oil exhibits different degree of antifungal activity depending on the oil concentration applied as well as on analyzed strain of C. albicans. Carum carvi demonstrated the strongest antifungal effect to all tested strains, showing the lowest MIC values (0.03mg/ml for CAL, 0.06mg/ml for CAH, and 0.11mg/ml for CAR, respectively). Eucalyptus sp. exhibited the lowest antifungal activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.11 mg/ml for CAL to 0.45 mg/ml for both CAH and CAR.

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