scholarly journals Life table of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranycidae) on different Turkish eggplant cultivars under controlled conditions

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Nabi Alper Kumral ◽  
Pınar Hephızlı Göksel ◽  
Elif Aysan ◽  
Ayşenur Kolcu
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Net Reproduction

The life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae were evaluated on 7 eggplant cultivars namely, Anamur, Aydin Siyahi, Balikesir 76, Kemer, Pala 49, Topan 374, Yalova Topan, in controlled laboratory conditions in day ight for 16 hours 27 +/- 1 °C temperature, 65% relative humidity. Assays were conducted on eggplant leaflets in Petri dishes. There was a significant difference in the durations of egg and juvenile development of T. urticae. However the survival rates of T. urticae were not significantly different on the tested eggplant cultivars. The values of the natural rate of increase, rm, (0.218-0.269), net reproduction rate, R0, (26.74-45.51) and the mean generation time, T, (13.31-15.45) significantly differed among eggplant cultivars. Notably, the shortest development duration as indicated by the lowest rm and R0 values were observed on Pala 49 followed by Anamur and Balikesir 76 cultivars.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on a Chinese population of Amblyseius andersoni (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with Tetranychus urticae

Acarologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-483
Author(s):  
Yu-Jing Li ◽  
Qing-Yan Liu ◽  
Jing Chang ◽  
Yong-Hong Jia ◽  
Rui-Xia Meng
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Amblyseius Andersoni ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Net Reproduction

The development and fecundity of Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) fed with Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied at five different temperatures (17, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) and life parameters of the population were calculated. The development, reproduction, longevity, and life table parameters of A. andersoni were significantly affected by the different temperatures. The duration of the egg, larval, protonymph, deutonymph and total immature stages were reduced when the temperature increased. The total oviposition of A. andersoni was highest at 25 °C and lowest at 35 °C, and the daily average oviposition increased as the temperature increased, but few eggs were laid at 17 °C. The values of the intrinsic rate of increase (rm, 0.108--0.200), net reproduction rate (R0, 18.71--36.47) and the mean generation time (T, 14.68--29.73) significantly differed among the five temperatures. The highest net reproduction rate (R0 = 36.47) was obtained at 25 °C. The results of this study indicated that A. andersoni has a high inherent potential for the control of the T. urticae at certain temperatures.

scholarly journals Biology and life tables of Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) as parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
Oktaviani ◽  
N Maryana ◽  
Pudjianto
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproduction ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Telenomus Remus

Abstract Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), is an endoparasitoid on eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). S. frugiperda. The information of T. remus as a natural enemy of S. frugiperda is very limited. The research objective is to determine some biological aspects of T. remus, i.e. longevity, fecundity, and life table variables. The demographic statistics using the jackknife method. T. remus is collected from the field identified as T. remus. The immature stage of T. remus reached 8.13 days, the longevity of the male was 10.07 days, while a female was 10.29 days with a fecundity of 75 eggs, and a sex ratio of male and female was 1:2.16. T. remus life table, i.e. gross reproduction rate (GRR) was 74.67 individuals/generation, net reproduction rate (R0) was 45260.60 females/females/generation, with generation period (T) was 8.62 days, and intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 1.24 females/female/day. The success parasitization of T. remus reaches 91%.

Development and Fitness of the Parasitoid, Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), on the B and Q of the Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 2597-2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan He ◽  
Yicong Liu ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Youjun Zhang ◽  
Qingjun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Encarsia Formosa ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Net Reproduction

Abstract Encarsia formosa Gahan is an important endoparasitoid of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. In the present study, we compared the fitness and population parameters of E. formosa when parasitizing the two most invasive and destructive whitefly species in China, the B and Q of B. tabaci. We also studied whether natal host influenced on parasitism and host-feeding capacities of E. formosa on B. tabaci B versus Q. Age–stage life table analysis indicated that E. formosa developmental duration was shorter, fecundity was higher, and longevity was greater on B. tabaci B than on Q. The life table parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproduction rate (R0), and the mean generation time (T), indicated that the fitness of E. formosa on B. tabaci B is higher than B. tabaci Q. We also found that the host species used to rear E. formosa affected the parasitoid’s subsequent parasitism and host feeding on B. tabaci B and Q. When E. formosa were reared on B. tabaci B, its subsequent parasitism rate on third-instar nymphs was significantly higher on B. tabaci B than on Q. These results will be useful for managing the biological control of B. tabaci in the field.

scholarly journals The effect of spiromesifen on the reproductive potential of Tetranychus urticae koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Marcic ◽  
Irena Ogurlic ◽  
Slavka Mutavdzic ◽  
Pantelija Peric
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L 51 ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of spiromesifen on the fecundity, fertility and population growth of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) after treatment of pre-ovipositing females with five acaricide concentrations: 180 mg/l (maximum recommended concentration for use in glasshouses against spider mites), 18 mg/l, 1.8 mg/l and 0.18 mg/l (the last one was discriminative for eggs and immatures in preliminary studies, i.e. produced 100% mortality of those stages) and 0.018 mg/l. After 24h exposure, the percentages of females surviving treatment without visible symptoms of poisoning were 50% (180 mg/l), 45% (18 mg/l), 51% (1.8 mg/l), 74% (0.18 mg/l), 96% (0.018 mg/l) and 98% (0 mg/l). Over the first four days after treatment, the females that survived 180 mg/l and 18 mg/l laid no eggs. The total number of eggs laid after treatment with these two concentrations was reduced to less than 2% against the control by the end of the trial. The females that survived 1.8 mg/l laid 50% less eggs, compared to the control, while the number of eggs laid by the females treated with 0.18 mg/l and 0.018 mg/l were 19% and 4% lower, respectively. Over the initial four days, egg hatch rates in treatments were 73-87%, and 92-93% in the control. Significant statistical differences between gross fecundity (FCg) and gross fertility (FTg) values in the control and treatments were detected for females surviving 180 mg/l, 18 mg/l and 1.8 mg/l. On the other hand, only the net fertility (FTn) value of females treated with 0.018 mg/l showed no statistically significant difference from the control value. Treatments with 180 mg/l and 18 mg/l significantly reduced the instantaneous rate of increase (ri) 6, 8 and 10 days after treatment, compared to the control. The negative ri values in those treatments indicated a declining population. Sublethal effects of spiromesifen and its impact on T. urticae management are discussed.

scholarly journals Demography of Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Reared on Four Cultivars of Pyrus bretschneideri (Rosales: Rosaceae) and P. communis Pears With Estimations of Confidence Intervals of Specific Life Table Statistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 2343-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfeng Wei ◽  
Hsin Chi ◽  
Yongfu Guo ◽  
Xianwei Li ◽  
Longlong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Finite Rate ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproduction

Abstract The psyllid Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang & Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a serious pest of pears in China. To determine and contrast the fitness of the psyllid on two endemic cultivars of Pyrus bretschneideri (i.e., BHXS and BSL) and two introduced cultivars of Pyrus communis (i.e., CB and CRB), we analyzed data on the development, survival, and fecundity from C. chinensis individuals reared on the four cultivars. The age-stage, two-sex life table theory was used in order to enable the inclusion of males in the analysis as well as a means of identifying the variation in developmental durations among individuals. Results indicated that C. chinensis can successfully develop and reproduce on all four pear cultivars. However, based on the lower preadult survival rate, longer preadult duration, longer total preoviposition period (TPOP), and lower fecundity that occurred on both cultivars of P. communis, these two cultivars are less favorable hosts for C. chinensis than the P. bretschneideri cultivars. The lower intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R0) on CB and CRB pears showed these two introduced cultivars are more resistant to C. chinensis than the endemic BHXS and BSL pears. These resistant cultivars would be appropriate candidates for managing C. chinensis. We used the bootstrap technique to estimate the uncertainty of the population parameters (r, λ, R0, etc.), while also demonstrating that it can be used for estimating the 0.025 and 0.975 percentile confidence intervals of the age of survival rate.

FECUNDITY, LONGEVITY, AND INTRINSIC NATURAL RATE OF INCREASE OF EPIDINOCARSIS LOPEZ1 (DE SANTIS) (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Iziquel ◽  
B. Le Rü
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Epidinocarsis Lopezi ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproduction

AbstractA laboratory study of the fecundity, longevity, and intrinsic natural rate of increase of Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was performed at 26 °C, the average temperature observed in the Congo during pullulation of its host Phenacoccus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). With 30 mealybugs per female per day, the parasitoid lives for an average of 41.4 days and lays 558.5 eggs. The net reproduction rate (R0) was calculated to be 269.9 females per female per generation, the average duration of a generation (T) was 33.9 days, and the intrinsic natural rate of increase of the parasitoid (rm) was 0.213. The fecundity observed in E. lopezi in this study was much higher than the figures previously reported. The rm of the parasitoid appeared to be higher than that determined by other authors for the mealybug. The limits of such a comparison are discussed.

Influence of temperature on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachninae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yingchao Ji ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Chenggang Zhou ◽  
Shuyan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Development Duration

Abstract Temperature is one of the main factors affecting insect growth, development and reproduction. The effects of temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C) on the development and reproduction of Cinara cedri Mimeur (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Lachnidae) fed on Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don were evaluated in this study. With the increase of temperature from 10 to 30°C, the development duration at different development stages gradually shortened. There was a significant positive correlation between the developmental rates and temperature, following a quadratic regression model. The lower developmental threshold temperature (C) and effective accumulated temperatures (K) for completing a generation were 4.13°C and 263.4 degree-days, respectively. The highest fecundity was observed at 20°C with 25.74 first-instar nymphs/female. Both the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r, 0.11 ± 0.03) and net reproduction rate (R0, 19.06 ± 2.05) were observed at 20°C, whereas the lowest values of r (0.05 ± 0.01) at 10°C and R0 (5.78 ± 0.88) at 30°C were observed. The results suggest that temperature significantly affects the biology of C. cedri and the optimal temperature for its development is 20°C.

Ambient Humidity Affects Development, Survival, and Reproduction of the Invasive Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limei He ◽  
Shengyuan Zhao ◽  
Abid Ali ◽  
Shishuai Ge ◽  
Kongming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Ambient Humidity ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Forecasting ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Net Reproduction

Abstract Ambient humidity can directly affect the water balance in insects. The migratory fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, has spread to more than 60 countries and regions in Africa, Asia, and Oceania that have a great difference in average ambient humidity. Understanding the effects of ambient humidity changes on its development, survival, and reproduction can help to predict its population dynamics in different habitats. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of atmospheric relative humidity (RH) on the development, survival, and reproduction and soil moisture on the pupation and emergence of fall armyworm. As a result, survival and pupal mass increased significantly with increasing RH. Among the five RHs tested, 80% RH was the most suitable for fall armyworm with the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproduction rate (R0). The population growth at the different RHs in decreasing order was 80 > 100 > 60 > 40 > 20%. A relative moisture (RM) of soil from 6.80 to 47.59% was suitable for fall armyworm pupation, survival, and eclosion, but fall armyworm could not pupate normally in soil with 88.39 and 95.19% RM. The survival and emergence rate of fall armyworm pupae were reduced by irrigation that increased the RM after the mature larvae entered the soil. These findings may be helpful for refining laboratory rearing protocols, population forecasting, and management of fall armyworm.

Development and Fecundity of Orius minutus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and O. laevigatus Reared on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740
Author(s):  
Md Arefur Rahman ◽  
Souvic Sarker ◽  
Eunhye Ham ◽  
Jun-Seok Lee ◽  
Un Taek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Hatch Rate ◽  
Polyphagous Predator ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Abstract The polyphagous predator Orius species is a dominant predator of thrips, mites, and aphids. Orius laevigatus (Fieber) is a well-known commercialized and effective biological control agent, whereas Orius minutus (L.) distributed widely over the world has not been commercialized. To assess potentials of developing O. minutus as a commercial biological control agent, we compared the biological parameters of O. minutus with O. laevigatus when reared on mixed stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch at 27.5°C. Nymphal development of O. laevigatus was shorter (11.30 d) than that of O. minutus (12.25 d), but there was no significant difference in survivorship between the two species. Also, no significant difference was found in either the preoviposition or oviposition periods, lifetime fecundity, or longevity between the two species. However, O. minutus eggs had a higher hatch rate (0.77) than O. laevigatus (0.71). In life table analysis, no difference was found in any parameters, i.e., R0, rm, λ, T, and DT, between O. laevigatus and O. minutus in two-tailed t-tests. In a predation bioassay, O. minutus consumed 1.39 times more adult T. urticae in 24 h than did O. laevigatus, although the predation rate on T. urticae eggs was similar between the two species. These results suggest that O. minutus native to Korea could be developed as a biological control agent against T. urticae.

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