Method of Stimulus Presentation and Apparent Body Position under Lateral Body Tilt

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bauermeister ◽  
S. Wapner ◽  
H. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Body Axis ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Longitudinal Body Axis ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Method Of Constant Stimuli

Eighty Ss, 40 male and 40 female, indicated by means of a luminescent rod the location of their longitudinal body axis (apparent body position) under body tilt ranging from 90° left (counterclockwise), through upright, to 90° right (clockwise). The luminescent rod was presented by two psychophysical methods: (a) the method of limits and (b) the method of constant stimuli. Deviations of apparent from objective body position showed significant differences between the two methods. The results were interpreted in terms of an organismic theory of perception, utilizing the notion of a dynamic body schema as spatial reference system which was subject to modifications due to the method of stimulus presentation.

Perceived Body Position under Lateral Body Tilt

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harvey Baker ◽  
Leonard Cirillo ◽  
Seymour Wapner
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Lateral Body

scholarly journals Antihysteresis of perceived longitudinal body axis during continuous quasi-static whole-body rotation in the earth-vertical roll plane

2011 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454
Author(s):  
M. Tatalias ◽  
C. J. Bockisch ◽  
G. Bertolini ◽  
D. Straumann ◽  
A. Palla
Keyword(s):  
Body Axis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Longitudinal Body Axis ◽  
Vertical Roll ◽  
The Earth

A spatial reference and identification system for coastal ice-free land in East Antarctica

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Southwell ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Angela Bender ◽  
Louise Emmerson
Keyword(s):  
Reference System ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coastal Island ◽  
Related Database

Abstract We describe a spatial reference system that uniquely identifies 4884 coastal island and continental rock features across East Antarctica. The system comprises a series of maps and a related database, and can be a foundation tool for a wide range of environmental studies.

scholarly journals Sharing a mental number line across individuals? The role of body position and empathy in joint numerical cognition

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1732-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hartmann ◽  
Martin H Fischer ◽  
Fred W Mast
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Cognition ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Random Number Generation ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Mental Number Line ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Spatial Reference Frame

A growing body of research shows that the human brain acts differently when performing a task together with another person than when performing the same task alone. In this study, we investigated the influence of a co-actor on numerical cognition using a joint random number generation (RNG) task. We found that participants generated relatively smaller numbers when they were located to the left (vs. right) of a co-actor (Experiment 1), as if the two individuals shared a mental number line and predominantly selected numbers corresponding to their relative body position. Moreover, the mere presence of another person on the left or right side or the processing of numbers from loudspeaker on the left or right side had no influence on the magnitude of generated numbers (Experiment 2), suggesting that a bias in RNG only emerged during interpersonal interactions. Interestingly, the effect of relative body position on RNG was driven by participants with high trait empathic concern towards others, pointing towards a mediating role of feelings of sympathy for joint compatibility effects. Finally, the spatial bias emerged only after the co-actors swapped their spatial position, suggesting that joint spatial representations are constructed only after the spatial reference frame became salient. In contrast to previous studies, our findings cannot be explained by action co-representation because the consecutive production of numbers does not involve conflict at the motor response level. Our results therefore suggest that spatial reference coding, rather than motor mirroring, can determine joint compatibility effects. Our results demonstrate how physical properties of interpersonal situations, such as the relative body position, shape seemingly abstract cognition.

scholarly journals Redefining of “EPSG” and “PROJ” for current State Coordinate Reference System of the Republic of North Macedonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bashkim Idrizi
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Coordinate Transformations ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Current State ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military

Abstract. The state Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of the Republic of North Macedonia (RNM) has been established a century ago, by the Military Geographic Institute of the Yugoslavia Kingdom. It is in official usage entire period up to day. In international public EPSG registry of geodetic datums, spatial reference systems, Earth ellipsoids, coordinate transformations and related units of measurement, CRS for RNM is recognizable within 3 EPSG codes 6204, 6316 and 8679.First code EPSG 6204 represents current state CRS for the entire country area, based on current law, however unfortunately this CRS is official by the law but it is not used for developing the official spatial data published in geoportals of Agency for Real Estate Cadastre (AREC) and NSDI geoportal of RNM. The second code EPSG 6316 is defined to be used for 6 countries of former Yugoslavia that covers area between 19.5°E up to 22.5°E longitude, which does not correspond with the practical and official usage of CRS for working with spatial data in RNM and CRS law definition in RNM. Third code EPSG 8679 has never been used in RNM, which covers eastern part of RNM and Serbia beginning from 22.5°E.Beside of problems with EPSG codes, default transformation parameters of EPSG 6316 have low accuracy and can not be used for data overlapping with open layers. Therefore, redefined new EPSG codes for state CRS of RNM are proposed in this paper.

Abstract 114: Effect of Body Position on Intracranial Pressure and Carotid Blood Flow During Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaël Levy ◽  
Rocio Fernandez ◽  
Fanny Lidouren ◽  
Matthias Kohlhauer ◽  
Lionel Lamhaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamics ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Introduction: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely proposed for the treatment of refractory cardiac arrest. Hypothesis: Since cerebral autoregulation is altered in such conditions, body position may modify hemodynamics during ECPR. Our goal was to determine whether a whole body tilt-up challenge (TUC) could lower intracranial pressure (ICP) as previously shown with conventional CPR, without deteriorating cerebral blood flow (CBF). Methods: Pigs were anesthetized and instrumented for the continuous evaluation of CBF, ICP and systemic hemodynamics. After 15 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation they were treated with 30 min of E-CPR followed by sequential defibrillation shocks until resumption of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). ECMO was continued after ROSC to target a mean arterial pressure (MAP) >60 mmHg. Animals were maintained in the flat position (FP) throughout protocol, except during a 2 min TUC of the whole body (+30°) at baseline, during E-CPR and after-ROSC. Results: Four animals received the entire procedure and ROSC was obtained in 3/4. After cardiac arrest, E-CPR was delivered at 29±2 ml/kg/min to maintain a MAP of 57±8 mmHg in the FP. CBF was 28% of baseline and ICP remain stable (12±1 vs 13±1 mmHg during ECPR vs baseline, respectively). Under baseline pre-arrest conditions TUC resulted in a significant decrease in ICP (-63±7%) and CBF (-21±3%) versus the FP, with no significant effect on systemic hemodynamics. During E-CPR and after ROSC, TUC markedly reduced ICP but CBF remained unchanged vs the FP (Figure). Conclusion: During E-CPR whole body TUC reduced ICP without lowering CBF compared with E-CPR flat. Additional investigations with prolonged TUC and selective head and thorax elevation during E-CPR are warranted.

Formalizing Cross-Parameter Conditions for Geoprocessing Service Chain Validation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Daniel Fitzner
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Service Composition ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Service Chain ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Automated Handling

Geoprocessing operations offered via web services provide the means for building complex web-based geospatial applications. Often, certain postconditions such as the spatial reference system, bounding box, schema or quality that hold on the output dataset after the execution of a geoprocessing service are determined and derived from the properties of the inputs passed to the service. Further, geoprocesses often hold preconditions that relate to more than one input, such as the requirement that all inputs must have the same schema. Within current process descriptions for geoprocessing operations, such conditions which we call cross-parameter conditions, can not be explicitly specified. In this paper, the author gives an approach to formalize such cross input-output and cross input parameter conditions in a rule-based language. Further, the author proposes an algorithm for deriving pre- and postconditions for a service composition or workflow out of the pre- and postconditions of the services involved, allowing a more automated handling of workflows in general.

Perception of the Visual Horizontal during Lateral Body Tilt: Right-Left Asymmetries

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bauermeister
Keyword(s):  
Body Tilt ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Non Linear Effect ◽  
Lateral Body ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Right

Subjects, 55 males and 45 females, indicated by means of a luminescent rod the visual horizontal under conditions of lateral body tilt ranging from 10° to 90° to the right and to the left. There was a non-linear effect of the angle of tilt on the degree of deviation of apparent from objective horizontal. With small angles of tilt the apparent horizontal tended to deviate opposite to the direction of body tilt, with larger angles, in the direction of tilt. Uncertainty of judgment increased with increasing angles of tilt.

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