Eye Color and Motor Performance in Physical Education Activities in Elementary School Children

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Beer ◽  
Paula Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Better Than

251 elementary school children in Grades 1 to 6 performed a variety of motor tasks in physical education classes to investigate whether eye color was associated with performance on the expectation that dark-eyed individuals generally perform better at reactive type tasks (boxing, hitting a baseball, defensive football) while light-eyed individuals perform better at self-paced tasks (bowling, golf, pitching baseballs). Eye color was not associated with standing-long jump, soft-ball throw, or 50-, 75-, 100-yd. dashes. Boys generally performed better than girls and older children in upper grades generally performed better than younger children in lower grades. As measured, all motor performances cannot be classified as either self-paced or reactive.

Effects of Eye Color on the Accuracy of Ball Throwing of Elementary School Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Beer ◽  
Paula Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Elementary School Age

Light-eyed individuals generally perform better at self-paced activities while dark-eyed individuals perform better at reactive activities. In throwing a ball at a target there were no differences between light- and dark-eyed elementary school-age children. Boys hit the target more times than did girls, and older children in upper grades hit the target more often than did younger children in lower grades.

Mirror Peg-Turning Performance of Children

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Josie M. Sifft
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Variable Error ◽  
Developmental Progression ◽  
Better Than

Performance differences for 120 elementary school children from three grade levels were identified using a novel motor skill. Females performed the tasks faster and with less variable error than males, and the older children performed better than the younger subjects. These results provide support for a developmental progression of motor skill, based upon maturation and environmental influence.

Effects of Sex and Eye Color on Jumping Rope by Elementary School Children

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Beer ◽  
Paula Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Eye Color

Light-eyed individuals generally perform better at self-paced activities while dark-eyed individuals perform better at reactive activities. A 2 (boy, girl) by 2 (light-eyed, dark-eyed) by 4 (Grades 1, 2, 3, 4) analysis of variance was performed on number of rope jumps in 15 sec. There was no difference among the children with different eye-colors, but there were expected differences by grade and sex. The older children of higher grades jumped more times than the younger children of lower grades, and girls jumped more than did boys.

Association of Eye Color and Sex with Basketball Free Throws by Elementary School Children

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1181-1182
Author(s):  
Tammy Patee ◽  
Mike Frewen ◽  
John Beer
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Free Throw

Dark-eyed individuals perform reactive activities better while light-eyed individuals generally perform self-paced activities better. There were 68 (21 dark-and 47 light-eyed) elementary school children who shot 5 practice and then 15 free throws from the free-throw line in a high school gym. There were no differences in performance between light- and dark-eyed children, but boys scored more free throws than girls.

scholarly journals Developmental relations between motivation types and physical activity in elementary school children (1)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Multiple Group

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to observe the developmental trajectories of motivation types among young children from 8 to 12 years using a more comprehensive scale of physical education motivation. We also tested the relations between these trajectories and objective physical activity during this period. Design: Students in grades 5–7 (n=1202; 51.2% boys) were recruited from 17 elementary schools. Three cohorts completed the motivation questionnaire four times and objective physical activity was measured up to four times over a two years school period. Method: Measurement invariance of the scale was tested across cohorts and occasions. Multiple group multiple cohort growth models were estimated to determine motivation types trajectories. Regression models were then built to predict children’s slope of MVPA during this period. Results: We provided strong measurement invariance to a new and more comprehensive scale of PE motivation. Latent growth curve modeling indicated trajectories that decrease on average for all forms of motivations at this early age. Results also revealed some relations between motivation’s scores and objective physical activity trajectories, especially with autonomous motivation. Conclusions: Our study revealed the earliest decline of motivation towards physical education to have ever been highlighted in elementary school children. Relations between trajectory of intrinsic stimulation and PA behavior permitted us to highlight the possible role of autonomous motivation in minimizing the decline of children’s PA behavior during PE lesson.

Using an Exergame in Inclusive Physical Education for Elementary School Children with Hearing Impairment: A Future Area of Research in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Nasser Alshahrany ◽  
Halijah Bt Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

Over recent decades, the common understanding of hearing impairment has improved.  People are more concerned with hearing impairment and have come to a consensus that care and positivity must be addressed. Therefore, recent trends in children with hearing disabilities inclusion have started in regular schools. The holistic training program provides opportunities for everyday people to learn about their abilities and special skills. The teacher needs to take care of the locomotive and object control skills of the child through the development of necessary motor skills to meet life requirements, such as walking, running, throwing, etc. The current study explores the ability of primary school children with hearing loss to incorporate an exergame to improve fundamental motor skills within an inclusive physical education classroom in Saudi Arabia. The study used a Qualitative Method and carried out a content analysis together with a Systematic Literature Review to understand the research carried out in this field. A detailed analysis was carried out of secondary data from articles indexed in Scopus and the websites of the scientific databases and other related documents in the field of study.  This study would expand the research awareness related to the success of vital engine skills in elementary school children with hearing impairment through the use of an exergame in comprehensive physical education.

Use of Decision Frames by Elementary School Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene J. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Decision Framing ◽  
Decision Frames ◽  
Decision Tasks

This study evaluated Tversky and Kahneman's model of decision framing among 90 children, 30 each from Grades 1, 3, and 6. Students were first tested to determine their level of cognitive development. They then responded to two sets of decision tasks to determine the extent to which they corresponded to Tversky and Kahneman's predicted departures from rationality. Analyses showed that older children utilized mechanisms similar to those described for adults, while first and third graders did not. There was no effect as a function of cognitive level. The implications of these findings for theory and research are discussed.

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