Variance of Sex-Role Preference among Boys and Girls

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Role Preference

This study tested the prediction that young girls would show greater group variance than young boys would in a measure of sex-role preference. The prediction was inconsistent with some previous research and was based upon certain assumptions concerning the development of sex-role preference. 48 pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, first-, and second-grade children were given a sex-oriented toy-preference test. The prediction was supported ( p < .01); boys preferred boys' toys more than girls preferred girls' toys ( p < .01). Older children preferred own-sexed toys more than the younger ones did ( p < .05).

Sex-Role Preference and Parental Imitation within Groups of Middle-Class Whites and Lower-Class Blacks

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 651-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Black Children ◽  
Black Girls ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
White Children ◽  
White Girls ◽  
Role Preference

32 second-grade children were assessed on measures of sex-role preference and parental imitation. The middle-class white boys were more masculine in preference than the middle-class white girls were feminine ( t = 3.43, p < .01), and lower-class black girls tended to be more mother imitative than the lower-class black boys were father imitative ( r = 2.09, p < .06). No such differences were found in sex-role preference for blacks or in imitation for whites. The results indicated that there was a dominant masculine influence in the development of sex-role preference among middle-class white children and a dominant feminine influence in parental imitation among lower-class black children.

Cross-Validation of Sex-Role Measures for Children with Correlation of Sex-Role Measures for Children and Parents

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-890
Author(s):  
Robert C. Newman ◽  
Richard E. Carney
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Role Preference ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Role Adoption

Second-grade children (21 boys, 14 girls) and both parents from intact, middle-class, at least second generation U.S. citizenship homes responded to measures of sex-role adoption, concepts, and preference. Classroom teachers rated children's sex-role adoption. Both adults and children had clear sex differences on means of measures of sex-role preference and adoption. Boys and girls showed close agreement as to the stereotypic sex-role concepts with little overlap between the distributions of concept scores characterizing boys and girls. Parents tended to adjust their preferences toward those more stereotypic for the sex of their child. The sex-role adoption by children tended to be positively correlated with the sex-role adoption by their mothers. Girls also had such correlations between their sex-role adoption and father's sex-role preference and stereotypic sex-role concepts.

scholarly journals Sex Role Expectations in Children's Vocational Aspirations and Perceptions of Occupations

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Weiking Franken
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Role Expectations ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Sex Typing ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Vocational Aspirations

To study sex role expectations, 120 boys and girls from three age groups—preschool, second grade, and fifth grade—in two socioeconomic levels were asked to name their vocational aspirations and to choose whether a man, woman, or both could do the work in 30 occupations depicted in a slide-tape series. Results indicated that sex typing was present in the way their aspirations conformed to traditional sex roles, with a significant relationship (p < .001) between sex typing of aspirations and sex of the respondents. Significant differences in responses to the occupational slides were found on the variables of sex (p < .01), grade level (p < .001), and socioeconomic level (p < .05), with greater sex typing indicated by boys than girls, by preschool children than by older children, and by lower to lower-middle class children than by middle to upper-middle class children. The study revealed a disparity between many children's perceptions of occupations as ones in which both sexes could work and their own personalized, sex-typed aspirations.

Experimenter Effect on Sex-Role Preference among Black and White Lower-Class Male Children

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1295-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paddy A. Doll ◽  
Hacker J. Fagot ◽  
Joanna D. Himbert
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Experimenter Effect ◽  
Role Preference ◽  
Administration Method ◽  
Main Effects

The It Scale for Children (ITSC) was administered to 240 white and black lower-class children at 6-, 9-, and 12-yr.-old age levels. Neither the sex of E nor the age and race of S had any main effects on sex-role preference scores, but there were significant interactions between sex of E, race of S and administration method.

The Effect of Television Cartoons on Sex-Role Stereotyping in Young Girls

1979 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-600
Author(s):  
Emily S. Davidson ◽  
Amy Yasuna ◽  
Alan Tower
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Sex Role Stereotyping
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document