Some Determinants of Certitude Judgments in a Complex Decision-Making Task

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Landis ◽  
Robert M. Slivka ◽  
Carl A. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Perceptual Style ◽  
Male College ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Problem Data ◽  
Problem Solving Task

This research investigated the relationship between certitude and decision adequacy using a complex problem-solving task. 120 male college Ss, serving with pay, solved 12 problems which varied in amount of information and method of coding. Each S also estimated the adequacy of his solution as well as the affective tone of the situation after the solution of each problem. Data were also available from a set of cognitive-perceptual-style measures. Results indicated that: (1) the correlation between decision adequacy and certitude is low and probably of negligible significance; (2) certitude is closely related to affective aspects of the stimulus; and, (3) level of certitude is related to the level of cognitive and perceptual scanning employed by S. It is suggested that (1) the correlation between certitude and decision adequacy may also be a function of the extensiveness of the response repertoire permitted S in the experimental situation, and (2) more intensive examination of individual differences with respect to accuracy of certitude judgments may be necessary.

Some Determinants of Multidimensional Points of View: Two Studies

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Landis ◽  
Robert M. Slivka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Perceptual Style ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
I 31

Two studies are reported bearing on the relationship of multidimensional points-of-view to cognitive perceptual style and complex decision-making performance. In Study I, 31 Ss scaled two sets of stimuli. Factor loadings from a points-of-view analysis were correlated with scores from 8 cognitive perceptual style measures. Sufficient significant correlations were found to warrant a more extensive study. In Study II, 120 Ss scaled 12 problem maps after solving the problems. Each S was also administered the measures used in Study I. The scaling data were subjected to a points-of-view analysis and related to the solution and style data by a stepwise multiple regression procedure. Results indicated that: (1) multidimensional points of view are related to style data; (2) points of view are also related to complex decision-making performance; and (3) some of the previously reported style groups break down into sub-groups.

scholarly journals Studying science denial with a complex problem-solving task

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Sulik ◽  
Ryan McKay
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Individual Cognition ◽  
Problem Solving Task ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

Explanations of science denial rooted in individual cognition tend to focus on general trait-like factors such as cognitive style, conspiracist ideation or delusional ideation. However, we argue that this focus typically glosses over the concrete, mechanistic elements of belief formation, such as hypothesis generation, data gathering, or hypothesis evaluation. We show, empirically, that such elements predict variance in science denial not accounted for by cognitive style, even after accounting for social factors such as political ideology. We conclude that a cognitive account of science denial would benefit from the study of complex (i.e., open-ended, multi-stage) problem solving that incorporates these mechanistic elements.

scholarly journals Development of Perceived Complex Problem-Solving Instrument in Domain of Complex Systems

Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Morteza Nagahi ◽  
Alieh Maddah ◽  
Raed Jaradat ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The ability to solve modern complex systems becomes a necessity of the 21st century. The purpose of this study is the development of an instrument that measures an individual’s perception toward solving complex problems. Based on literature and definitions, an instrument with four stages named perceived complex problem-solving (PCPS) was designed through exploratory and confirmatory stages. The instrument is validated and scaled through different models, and the final model is discussed. After completing validation and scale development of the PCPS instrument, the final model of the PCPS instrument was introduced to resolve the gap in the literature. The final model of the PCPS instrument is able to find and quantify the degree of perception an individual holds in dealing with complex problems and can be utilized in different settings and environments. Further research about the relationship between Systems Thinking and CPS revealed individuals with a high level of systems thinking have a better understanding of the characteristics of complex problems and so better perception of CPS.

scholarly journals Anatomically-based skeleton kinetics and pose estimation in freely-moving rodents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Monsees ◽  
Kay-Michael Voit ◽  
Damian J Wallace ◽  
Juergen Sawinski ◽  
Edyta Leks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Joint Kinetics ◽  
Surface Anatomy ◽  
Joint Biomechanics ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Freely Behaving ◽  
Constrained Model ◽  
The Relationship

Forming a complete picture of the relationship between neural activity and body kinetics requires quantification of skeletal joint biomechanics during behavior. However, without detailed knowledge of the underlying skeletal motion, inferring joint kinetics from surface tracking approaches is difficult, especially for animals where the relationship between surface anatomy and skeleton changes during motion. Here we developed a videography-based method enabling detailed three-dimensional kinetic quantification of an anatomically defined skeleton in untethered freely-behaving animals. This skeleton-based model has been constrained by anatomical principles and joint motion limits and provided skeletal pose estimates for a range of rodent sizes, even when limbs were occluded. Model-inferred joint kinetics for both gait and gap-crossing behaviors were verified by direct measurement of limb placement, showing that complex decision making behaviors can be accurately reconstructed at the level of skeletal kinetics using our anatomically constrained model.

scholarly journals The effect of conceptual complexity on information search in a complex problem-solving task

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Karlins ◽  
Thomas Coffman ◽  
Helmut Lamm ◽  
Harold Schroder
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Problem Solving Task

Training to Reduce the Disruptive Effects of Interruptions

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (18) ◽  
pp. 1173-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Hess ◽  
Mark C. Detweiler
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Problem Solving Task

Two multi-session experiments are described in which a complex problem-solving task was interrupted at different stages of practice. In Experiment 1, subjects practiced the main problem-solving task for three sessions, with intermittent interruptions during each session. By the end of Session 3, interruptions which were similar to the main task, in terms of type of material processed and processing demands, no longer disrupted performance as they had in Sessions 1 and 2. In Experiment 2, subjects practiced the same problem-solving task for two sessions without interruptions. The same types of interruptions used in Experiment 1 were introduced in Session 3. Although the main task was well learned by the third session, the interruptions disrupted subjects' main-task accuracies dramatically. These results suggest that training tasks under uninterrupted conditions can lead to excellent performance, but may not allow subjects to develop the kinds of strategies needed to flexibly recover from interruptions when they occur.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document