The Grouping-Induced Numerosity Illusion Is Attention-Dependent

Perceptual grouping and visual attention are two mechanisms that help to segregate visual input into meaningful objects. Here we report how perceptual grouping, which affects perceived numerosity, is reduced when visual attention is engaged in a concurrent visual task. We asked participants to judge the numerosity of clouds of dot-pairs connected by thin lines, known to cause underestimation of numerosity, while simultaneously performing a color conjunction task. Diverting attention to the concomitant visual distractor significantly reduced the grouping-induced numerosity biases. Moreover, while the magnitude of the illusion under free viewing covaried strongly with AQ-defined autistic traits, under conditions of divided attention the relationship was much reduced. These results suggest that divided attention modulates the perceptual grouping of elements by connectedness and that it is independent of the perceptual style of participants.

Grouping-Induced Numerosity Biases Vary with Autistic-Like Personality Traits

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder are thought to have a more local than global perceptual style. We used a novel paradigm to investigate how grouping-induced response biases in numerosity judgments depend on autistic-like personality traits in neurotypical adults. Participants judged the numerosity of clouds of dot-pairs connected by thin lines, known to cause underestimation of numerosity. The underestimation bias correlated strongly with autism-spectrum quotient (r = 0.72, Bayes factor > 100), being weaker for participants with high autistic traits. As connecting dots probably activates global grouping mechanisms, causing dot-pairs to be processed as an integrated whole rather than as individual dots, the results suggest that these grouping mechanisms may be weaker in individuals self-reporting high levels of autistic-like traits.

The detail is more pleasant than the whole: Global and local prime affect esthetic appreciation of artworks showing whole-part ambiguity

Esthetic experience is the result of the coordination of different cognitive processes. It has been widely reported that top-down processes of orienting of attention interact with bottom-up perceptual facilitation occurring during esthetic experience of artworks. Here we use whole-part ambiguity as a tool to test the effect of global and local prime on esthetic appreciation of complex visual artworks. To this aim 139 healthy young individuals completed an esthetic judgment of Arcimboldo’s ambiguous artworks, which were preceded by a local or global prime. Their perceptual style was also assessed using a Navon task. We found that local prime significantly enhanced esthetic appreciation of ambiguous portraits. Also, we found that prime level interacted with individual’s perceptual style: participants showing local perceptual style liked less ambiguous portraits when they were preceded by global prime. Overall, the present findings shed some light on the processes involved in esthetic experience, pointing towards a pivotal role of re-direction of attention towards perceptual features of the artworks and its interaction with individual factors, such as perceptual style.

The aesthetic connection between chorus voice and "form"

Music is the art of sound, while chorus is the art of group vocal music. Choral art takes human voice as the carrier to express thoughts, emotions and artistic images through sound. Harmonious, unified, balanced sound gives people the enjoyment of beauty, and brings people related pictorial association. As a unique form of vocal music art, chorus is also a comprehensive stage art belonging to the category of performance, which is a sister art belonging to the same and different families, such as dance and drama. In the visual arts such as dance and drama, the melody, timbre and harmony of music match the figures appearing on the stage or screen. So much so that when we hear some kind of music we have feelings and associations of being beautiful, strong, magnificent, lively and leaping, dark and melancholy. From ancient to modern times, in daily life, people sang and danced scenes were also their immediate reflection of music aesthetic feelings. Some of these aesthetic experiences are vague and some are specific. For example: we will think some music is witty or sad, when people heard the music, such as "the devil into the village", is associated with the world war ii German offensive of Leningrad, the Anti-Japanese War of the Chinese people will be associated with the scenario, inner emotional ups and downs also involuntarily immersed in that special period and in the scene. In chorus, "form" performance influence on good auditory perceptual styles, or, in turn, is a good style of auditory perceptual experience of "form" synesthesia reaction performance, relationship to the singing breath, resonance, position and the effect of auditory perceptual style performance status and change, through sound "form" to build a good performance of auditory perceptual styles, so that the sound stimulus directly cause synesthesia activity, directly or indirectly affect the chorus sound auditory aesthetic feeling, at the same time, it can enhance the tension of the chorus performance, shape the artistic image that is consistent with the expression of the work, and properly express the music artistic conception. The audience can feel the chorus's expression of aesthetic emotion directly from their hearing, and then have a significant influence on the music sound and singing effect. This article through the "form" to the good style of auditory perceptual and aesthetic relation, the effect of using some tightening inward intuitive posture, dance to the chorus of constructing "the vertical and the inner" auditory perceptual inspired style, from the identity of the visual sense and sound, from the aesthetic perspective of reverse thinking, deeper understanding and grasp of our chorus.To maintain the breath required by the extremely aesthetic chorus sound, control the state, establish the harmonious, unified and balanced sound perceptual style, as well as the overall sound effect aesthetic expression, has made a different Angle of interpretation.

The Leuven Embedded Figures Test (L-EFT): measuring perception, intelligence or executive function?

Performance on the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) has been interpreted as a reflection of local/global perceptual style, weak central coherence and/or field independence, as well as a measure of intelligence and executive function. The variable ways in which EFT findings have been interpreted demonstrate that the construct validity of this measure is unclear. In order to address this lack of clarity, we investigated to what extent performance on a new Embedded Figures Test (L-EFT) correlated with measures of intelligence, executive functions and estimates of local/global perceptual styles. In addition, we compared L-EFT performance to the original group EFT to directly contrast both tasks. Taken together, our results indicate that performance on the L-EFT does not correlate strongly with estimates of local/global perceptual style, intelligence or executive functions. Additionally, the results show that performance on the L-EFT is similarly associated with memory span and fluid intelligence as the group EFT. These results suggest that the L-EFT does not reflect a general perceptual or cognitive style/ability. These results further emphasize that empirical data on the construct validity of a task do not always align with the face validity of a task.

Ambasador Produk dan Perubahan Sikap (Studi Kasus Pengolahan Iklan Kosmetik XYZ Berdasarkan Pendekatan Teori ELM di Kalangan Remaja Putri Kelurahan Rawa Buaya - Jakarta Barat)

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam riset dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan terpilih. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengolahan pesan dari iklan yang menggunakan ambasador produk di kalangan remaja putri. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pengolahan pesan secara jalur pinggiran tidak selamanya menggambarkan motivasi yang rendah dari individu terhadap pesan iklan. Sementara itu, perubahan sikap juga tidak selamanya hanya terdapat pada individu yang mengolah pesan dengan menggunakan jalur utama. Lebih lanjut, lingkungan/kelompok sebaya dapat berperan dalam pengolahan pesan. Rasa bangga yang muncul pada informan yang mengolah pesan secara jalur pinggiran adalah merupakan perceptual style. Yaitu, sebuah perilaku yang melahirkan interpretasi bahwa produk yang diwakili oleh ambasador produk adalah berkualitas. Dalam hal ini, setiap interpretasi akan menghasilkan makna yang berbeda satu dan lain orang.