Self-Choices, Preferences, and Personality Traits

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Thetford ◽  
Helen Schucman
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Average Intelligence ◽  
Normal Males

This is the third in a series of studies based on the Personality Assessment System (PAS), a new approach to relating personality traits to intellectual test performance. In the sample were 152 young, white, “normal” males of at least average intelligence. The purpose was to test hypotheses involving Ss' self-concepts and preferences as obtained independently of the intelligence test data on an instrument devised along theory-determined lines. 9 hypotheses were drawn up in advance, of which 5 were upheld statistically. The study provides an example of the kind of specific hypothesis testing the PAS permits and some further evidence in support of its theoretical formulations.

Expressed Symptoms and Personality Traits in Conversion Hysteria

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Schucman ◽  
William N. Thetford
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Personality Patterns ◽  
Personality Features

The study was based on the Personality Assessment System (PAS), a new approach to relating personality traits to Wechsler test performance. The purpose was to study relations between PAS personality patterns and expressed symptoms in conversion hysterics. This group was chosen because their symptoms presumably reflect essential personality features. The sample of 124 Ss was divided in 2 parts, the data being obtained and analyzed separately. 3 specific hypotheses, in line with PAS constructs, were formulated on the basis of findings obtained with the first part and tested with the second. 2 of the 3 hypotheses were upheld.

Relationship of Rod-And-Frame Test Performance to two Dimensions of the Personality Assessment System

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-752
Author(s):  
Harry Frank ◽  
Randy Tubbs
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

It was hypothesized that performance on the rod-and-frame test taps primitive level Externalizer-lnternalizer and Regulated-Flexible functioning as conceptualized in Gittinger's Personality Assessment System. Four criterion groups (primitive Flexible Externalizers, Flexible Internalizers, Regulated Externalizers, and Regulated Internalizers), each of which included 8 Ss, were defined by configural nomethetic scores on the Block Design and Digit Span subtests of the WAIS. A two-way analysis of variance indicated that rod-and-frame test scores were significantly related to primitive Externalizer-lnternalizer (p < .005) and to primitive Regulated-Flexible (p < .05) tendencies. Discussion considers personality correlates of WAIS performance and the construct validity of field dependence-independence.

Conversion Reactions and Personality Traits

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1005-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Thetford ◽  
Helen Schucman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Patient Groups

2 previously supported hypotheses were tested with 30 Ss showing conversion reactions. Relations between their symptoms and personality traits as identified by the Personality Assessment System (PAS) were studied. The results support the hypotheses and provide further evidence of the usefulness of the PAS in studying patient groups.

scholarly journals On a new approach to the analysis of variance for experiments with orthogonal block structure. III. Experiments in row-column designs

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-213
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Caliński ◽  
Agnieszka Łacka ◽  
Idzi Siatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Block Structure ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
The Third

SummaryThe main estimation and hypothesis testing procedures are presented for experiments conducted in row-column designs of a certain desirable type. It is shown that, under appropriate randomization, these experiments have the convenient orthogonal block structure. Due to this property, the analysis of experimental data can be performed in a comparatively simple way. Relevant simplifying procedures are indicated. The main advantage of the presented methodology concerns the analysis of variance and related hypothesis testing procedures. Under the adopted approach one can perform these analytical methods directly, not by combining results from analyses based on some stratum submodels. Practical application of the presented theory is illustrated by four examples of real experiments in the relevant row-column designs. The present paper is the third in the projected series of publications concerning the analysis of experiments with orthogonal block structure.

Personality Traits in Adolescent Adjustment Reactions

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Thetford ◽  
Helen Schucman
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Emotionally Disturbed ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Intelligence Test ◽  
Adolescent Adjustment ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
System A ◽  
And Function

The purpose of this study was to test hypotheses advanced by the Personality Assessment System, a theoretical approach which infers personality structure and function from intelligence test data. The sample consisted of 82 emotionally disturbed adolescents who were divided into 2 groups, one considered “more disturbed” and the other “less disturbed.” 3 specific hypotheses determined in advance were tested, 2 of which were upheld. The results are thought to support some of the PAS constructs and to imply the potential value of this theoretical framework in studying emotional disturbances in adolescents.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

Faking Detection Improved: Adopting a Likert Item Response Process Tree Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 109442812110029
Author(s):  
Tianjun Sun ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Mengyang Cao ◽  
Fritz Drasgow
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Job Applicant ◽  
Favorable Impression ◽  
Tree Modeling

With the increasing popularity of noncognitive inventories in personnel selection, organizations typically wish to be able to tell when a job applicant purposefully manufactures a favorable impression. Past faking research has primarily focused on how to reduce faking via instrument design, warnings, and statistical corrections for faking. This article took a new approach by examining the effects of faking (experimentally manipulated and contextually driven) on response processes. We modified a recently introduced item response theory tree modeling procedure, the three-process model, to identify faking in two studies. Study 1 examined self-reported vocational interest assessment responses using an induced faking experimental design. Study 2 examined self-reported personality assessment responses when some people were in a high-stakes situation (i.e., selection). Across the two studies, individuals instructed or expected to fake were found to engage in more extreme responding. By identifying the underlying differences between fakers and honest respondents, the new approach improves our understanding of faking. Percentage cutoffs based on extreme responding produced a faker classification precision of 85% on average.

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