Effect of Therapist's Self-Disclosure on Patients' Impressions of Empathy, Competence, and Trust in an Analogue of a Psychotherapeutic Interaction

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Technique ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Initial Prediction

The present study examined the relationship between a therapist's self-disclosure and the patients' impressions of the therapist's empathy, competence, and trust. Written dialogues were constructed to manipulate three conditions of high, low, and no disclosure by the therapist. 57 subjects were randomly selected and assigned to one of three treatment conditions, and the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory and Sorenson Relationship Questionnaire were measures of perceived empathy, competence, and trust. Findings confirmed the initial prediction: the greater the use of therapist's self-disclosure, the lower the subjects' impressions and evaluations of the therapist's empathy, competence, and trust. The results raise doubt regarding the predictability of therapist's self-disclosure as a psychotherapeutic technique and suggest that, at least with respect to the type of self-disclosure used in this study, therapists who utilize self-disclosing techniques may risk adversely affecting essential impressions on which a therapeutic alliance is established.

Effect of Counselors' Self-References on Subjects' First Impressions in an Experimental Psychological Interview

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth G. Loeb ◽  
John M. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Reference

The present study examined the relationship between counselors' self-disclosure and clients' impressions of the counselors' empathy, competence and trustworthiness. 87 subjects were randomly selected and assigned to one of three disclosure conditions, personal self-reference, indirect self-reference, and no self-reference. Subjects read written dialogues then rated the counselors on these qualities using three standardized relationship inventories. An unambiguous preference for the counselor who made indirect references to his experiences and feelings was noted. The counselor using personal statements received the lowest ratings, and the one using only reflective, non-revealing statements was given moderate evaluations. One of the implications for therapeutic practice is that the use of self-disclosure early in treatment may be counterproductive inasmuch as it may undermine the perceptions necessary for the development of a strong therapeutic alliance.

Relation of Birth Order and Scores on Measures of Pathological Narcissism

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Curtis ◽  
Donald R. Cowell
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Treatment ◽  
Pathological Narcissism ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Narcissistic Personality Inventory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Initial Prediction

To study the relationship between birth order and pathological narcissism, it was predicted that firstborn and only children would score significantly higher on standardized measures of pathological narcissism. Two such measures, the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, were administered to 50 randomly selected subjects from a metropolitan mental health and family treatment agency. Subjects were asked to indicate their ordinal birth positions, e.g., first, middle, last, or only, and then were administered both instruments. Analysis supported the initial prediction by indicating that firstborn and only children had higher mean scores on the measures of pathological narcissism. It might be advisable for clinicians to identify patients' ordinal positions while appraising relevant diagnostic criteria and eventual treatment planning.

Self-Disclosure and Occupational Stress in Chinese Professionals

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1075-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nicholas Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of self-disclosure with occupational stress and symptoms of stress was examined among 243 Hong Kong Chinese adult professionals. Self-disclosure was negatively correlated with both occupational stress and psychological symptoms of stress for disclosures of personal feelings and social relationships when disclosing to a Best Friend, indicating a stress-buffering effect. There was a positive correlation between occupational stress and psychological symptoms of stress for disclosure of personal feelings and information about social relationships when disclosing to Mother. While both sexes reported similar occupational stress, the total self-disclosure of women was higher than for men, and this was especially true for intimate topics. The implications of the results were discussed.

scholarly journals The Experimental Generation of Interpersonal Closeness: A Procedure and Some Preliminary Findings

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Aron ◽  
Edward Melinat ◽  
Elaine N. Aron ◽  
Robert Darrin Vallone ◽  
Renee J. Bator
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Relationship Development ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Small Talk ◽  
Interpersonal Closeness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Intensity Study ◽  
Adequate Power

A practical methodology is presented for creating closeness in an experimental context. Whether or not an individual is in a relationship, particular pairings of individuals in the relationship, and circumstances of relationship development become manipulated variables. Over a 45-min period subject pairs carry out self-disclosure and relationship-building tasks that gradually escalate in intensity. Study 1 found greater postinteraction closeness with these tasks versus comparable small-talk tasks. Studies 2 and 3 found no significant closeness effects, inspite of adequate power, for (a) whether pairs were matched for nondisagreement on important attitudes, (b) whether pairs were led to expect mutual liking, or (c) whether getting close was made an explicit goal. These studies also illustrated applications for addressing theoretical issues, yielding provocative tentative findings relating to attachment style and introversion/extraversion.

scholarly journals Foucault’s On the Government of the Living

2015 ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Konstan
Keyword(s):  
Early Church ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biblical Faith ◽  
Christian Beliefs

In The Government of the Living, Foucault demonstrates elegantly and convincingly the emergence of a new idea and practice of penitence within the early Church, one that traced its origins to the Bible but in fact represented a departure from earlier Christian beliefs. This shift occurred largely under the influence of monastic and ascetic tendencies that came to play an increasingly powerful role in the second and third centuries after Christ. I suggest that this is the fundamental contribution of the lectures, rather than the framing narrative concerning truth and power. In my comments, I focus on the ideas of conversion, change of heart, remorse, and repentance, and show how the classical Greek and Latin terms for a change of mind (metanoia, paenitentia) assume meanings as widely different as “conversion” and “penitence.” This semantic slide or instability mirrors and enables the reinterpretation of Biblical faith as penitence. I also discuss the relationship between self-disclosure, as the classical writers understood it, and confession, and relate this to a new conception of the inviolable self.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence and Intimacy in Relationships

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagjit Kaur ◽  
Mohita Junnarkar
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Emotionally Intelligent ◽  
Open Expression

Emotional Intelligence is the ability to understand, manage one’s own and other’s feelings in order to adapt to the demands of the environment. Intimacy refers to the feelings of closeness and bondedness in close relationships. Emotional Intelligence help enhance intimacy by open expression of emotions and empathetic response to the partner’s self-disclosure. The study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and intimacy in 108 young adults currently in a heterosexual romantic relationship, belonging to the age group of 20-35 years (M=24.1 years, SD= 3.23 years) consisting of 36 (30%) males and 72 (70%) females. The study employed three scales namely Sternberg’s Love Triangular Scale (1988), Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (1998) and Intimacy Attitude Scale Revised (1985). Data was collected through Google forms by emailing the questionnaire to the participants known to be in relationship through common friends and also by personally giving the questionnaire to students of universities in Delhi, NCR region. Positive correlation was found between Attitude towards intimacy and emotional intelligence; commitment and managing owns emotions subscale of emotional intelligence; attitude towards intimacy and managing other’s emotions subscale of emotional intelligence. Thus emotionally intelligent individuals have a greater desire towards intimacy and commitment in their relationships.

scholarly journals No One Is Leaving This Time: Social Media Fashion Brand Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12957
Author(s):  
Albert Chukwunonso Diachi ◽  
Ayşe Tansu ◽  
Oseyenbhin Sunday Osemeahon
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Brand Communities ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Fashion Brand ◽  
The Relationship

In an attempt to enrich existing literature on online fashion brand communities in the digital era, this research aimed at exploring the relationship between peer influence and self-disclosure on sustaining consumer engagement in generating loyalty to social media fashion brand communities (SMFBCs). The survey included a sample of 365 members who follow local Nigerian SMFBCs and was analyzed using SmartPLS v3.2.9. Findings from the study show that peer influence and self-disclosure have a positive impact on sustaining consumer engagement in social media fashion brand communities. Furthermore, the findings show that self-disclosure mediated the relationship between peer influence and sustaining consumer engagement. Finally, consumer engagement fosters loyalty to social media brand communities.

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