Adjustment Disorders and Suicidality

In this study two rating scales, the Echelle d'Evaluation de Risque Suicidaire and the Pierce-modified form of the Suicide Intent Scale, were administered to a group of 43 persons admitted to the general hospital of Padua for suicide attempts. The purpose of our study was to verify whether these tools could be considered useful in the assessment of severity of the attempts. The rating scales showed good concordance in identifying the adjustment disorder group as less dangerous for the seriousness of the attempt.

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Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Adjustment Disorders

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.22.3.125 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 125-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Ludmila Kryzhanovskaya ◽

Randolph Canterbury

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

Adjustment Disorders ◽

Involuntary Hospitalization ◽

Axis Ii ◽

The Past ◽

Substance Abuse Disorders ◽

Axis I

Summary: This retrospective study characterizes the suicidal behavior in 119 patients with Axis I adjustment disorders as assessed by psychiatrists at the University of Virginia Hospital. Results indicated that 72 patients (60.5%) had documented suicide attempts in the past, 96% had been suicidal during their admission to the hospital, and 50% had attempted suicide before their hospitalization. The most commonly used method of suicide attempts was overdosing. Of the sample group with suicide attempts in the past, 67% had Axis II diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Adjustment disorder diagnosis in patients with the suicide attempts was associated with a high level of suicidality at admission, involuntary hospitalization and substance-abuse disorders. Axis II diagnoses in patients with adjustment disorders constituted risk factors for further suicidal behavior. Additional future prospective studies with reliability checks on diagnosis of adjustment disorders and suicidal behavior are needed.

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Risk factor for suicide attempt in a general hospital

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1808 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s890-s890

Author(s):

B. Mures ◽

N.G. Lluis ◽

O.G. Luis ◽

A.P. Iñigo ◽

M.H. German ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

General Hospital ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

Common Method ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Progressive Change ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionA major risk factor for suicide is suicide attempts. The aim of the present study was to assess risk factors for nonfatal suicide attempts. Suicide attempt with high lethality have been interacting with certain clinical and demographic factors such as age, sex, psychopathology and adverse events, among others.MethodsObservational, descriptive and retrospective study of people who was admitted to a general hospital after suicide attempt.AimThe aim of this study was to determinate variable associated to high risk of suicide. Describe and analyze demographic and clinical characteristics associated with serious suicide attempts as well as the methods used.ResultsOf a total of 504, 23 patients was admitted after suicide attempt, 61% male, mean age 54.1; 60% required ICU; the most common method consisted of multiple drug intake 40%, 30% associated with toxic, mostly alcohol. Predominant summer and diagnosis of adjustment disorder.ConclusionAs is the case with suicides prevails male and summer. As to the most common method has been from medication, both men and women. We were surprised diagnosis of the most common reactions to stress. We conclude that the findings could guide a progressive change in the presuicidal pathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Reassessment of Suicide Attempters at Home, Shortly After Discharge from Hospital

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000041 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 303-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bas Verwey ◽

Jeroen A. van Waarde ◽

Molla A. Bozdağ ◽

Iris van Rooij ◽

Edwin de Beurs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

General Hospital ◽

Hospital Environment ◽

Initial Assessment ◽

Suicide Attempters ◽

Systematic Assessment ◽

Suicide Intent ◽

Initial Hospital ◽

Discharge From Hospital ◽

At Home

Background: Assessment of suicide attempters in a general hospital may be influenced by the condition of the patient and the unfavorable circumstances of the hospital environment. Aims: To determine whether the results of a reassessment at home shortly after discharge from hospital differ from the initial assessment in the hospital. Methods: In this prospective study, systematic assessment of 52 suicide attempters in a general hospital was compared with reassessment at home, shortly after discharge. Results: Reassessments at home concerning suicide intent, motives for suicide attempt, and dimensions of psychopathology did not differ significantly from the initial hospital assessment. However, patients’ motives for the suicide attempt had changed to being less impulsive and more suicidal, worrying was significantly higher, and self-esteem was significantly lower. A third of the patients had forgotten their aftercare arrangements and most patients who initially felt no need for additional help had changed their mind at reassessment. Conclusions: Results from this group of suicide attempters suggest that a brief reassessment at home shortly after discharge from hospital should be considered.

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Gender Differences in Suicidal Intent and Choice of Method Among Suicide Attempters

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910.29.4.209 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 209-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Merete Nordentoft ◽

Jacob Branner

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Suicidal Intent ◽

Suicide Intent ◽

Suicidal Intention ◽

National Patient ◽

Prevention Center ◽

Suicide Prevention Center

The objective was to examine gender differences in choice of method and suicidal intent among persons referred to a suicide prevention center. A total of 351 consecutive patients who had attempted suicide were interviewed using the European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I (EPSIS I) while participating in a 2-week inpatient treatment program. They were invited to a 1-year follow-up interview, and followed in the National Patient Register. Compared to women, men who had attempted suicide were older, had better self-esteem, fewer depressive symptoms, and higher total suicidal intention scores, but they were not more likely to use violent methods. Neither use of violent method nor dangerousness of the attempt was associated with suicidal intention. Although men had higher suicide intent scores than women, there were no significant gender differences in the number of repeat suicide attempts during a 1-year follow-up period. Suicidal intent was not related to dangerousness of suicide method.

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Cathartic Effect of Suicide Attempts Not Limited to Depression

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.24.2.73 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yves Sarfati ◽

Blandine Bouchaud ◽

Marie-Christine Hardy-Baylé

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

World Health ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Short Term

Summary: The cathartic effect of suicide is traditionally defined as the existence of a rapid, significant, and spontaneous decrease in the depressive symptoms of suicide attempters after the act. This study was designed to investigate short-term variations, following a suicide attempt by self-poisoning, of a number of other variables identified as suicidal risk factors: hopelessness, impulsivity, personality traits, and quality of life. Patients hospitalized less than 24 hours after a deliberate (moderate) overdose were presented with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression and Impulsivity Rating Scales, Hopelessness scale, MMPI and World Health Organization's Quality of Life questionnaire (abbreviated versions). They were also asked to complete the same scales and questionnaires 8 days after discharge. The study involved 39 patients, the average interval between initial and follow-up assessment being 13.5 days. All the scores improved significantly, with the exception of quality of life and three out of the eight personality traits. This finding emphasizes the fact that improvement is not limited to depressive symptoms and enables us to identify the relative importance of each studied variable as a risk factor for attempted suicide. The limitations of the study are discussed as well as in particular the nongeneralizability of the sample and setting.

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Socio-Demographic, Clinical Profile, Life Stress Events and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with First Attempt Suicide

Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.33582/2637-8027/1037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Karthik Selvaraj ◽

◽

Pranjali Bansal ◽

Akshay Singh ◽

Sushma Viswanathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Stress ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

Family Type ◽

P Value ◽

Suicide Intent ◽

Self Harm ◽

Severity Of Depression

Background: Contemporary literature focuses on various socio-demographic, clinical profile and psychiatric comorbitidies in patients with first attempt suicide. Aim: 1. To study the socio-demographic factors and the clinical profile of subjects with the first attempt suicide. 2. To assess the severity of depression and severity of stress due to various stressful events in patients with first attempt suicide. 3. To assess the severity of the suicide intent in patients with first attempt suicide. 4. To study the association between socio demographic profile of the patients with severity of depression, severity of suicide intent and severity of stress. Materials and Methods: Hundred fifteen patients were assessed using Hamilton rating scale for depression, becks suicide intent scale, Holmes-Rahe life stress inventory, MINI international neuropsychiatric interview. The data was analysed using the statistical software SPSS version 20. Results: The sample of 115 patients showed mean age to be 29 years, majority of them being males (58%). With most common mode of attempting suicide to be drug overdose and most of the patients had adjustment issues due to various domestic household issues and financial stressors. The severity of depression was mild and suicide intent were low (67%). In our study chi square finding association between various socio demographic variables and severity of depression found to be highly significant. It was strongest among gender at p value 0.009, occupation in which depression was found mostly among employed patients and housewives at p value 0.001. Results also found depression more common among participants with urban background at p value 0.03 and family type being nuclear at p value 0.05. Conclusion: Promoting healthy coping mechanism and reduction in stress is required to reduce self-harm. As is evident from the study, modifying the interpersonal relationship problems in the family might help in preventing many of suicide attempts/intentional self-harm and therefore important to address their various life events that might be stressful for them forcing them to take this step. In a country like India, where formal mental health resources are limited and are attached to a stigma, it is important to provide adequate information also among people hailing from lower economic status.

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P.1.k.013 Transversal study on severe suicide attempts and related factors in patients admitted to a general hospital

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(14)70554-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. S348

Author(s):

S. Mansilla Sánchez ◽

A. Bastidas ◽

A. Batalla ◽

P. Castellví ◽

L. Pintor

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Related Factors ◽

Transversal Study

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Adjustment Disorders Are Uniquely Suited for eHealth Interventions: Concept and Case Study

JMIR Mental Health ◽

10.2196/mental.4157 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. e15 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Andreas Maercker ◽

Rahel C Bachem ◽

Louisa Lorenz ◽

Christian T Moser ◽

Thomas Berger

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

World Health ◽

Adjustment Disorders ◽

Self Help ◽

International Statistical Classification ◽

Ehealth Intervention ◽

Health Organization

Background Adjustment disorders (also known as mental distress in response to a stressor) are among the most frequently diagnosed mental disorders in psychiatry and clinical psychology worldwide. They are also commonly diagnosed in clients engaging in deliberate self-harm and in those consulting general practitioners. However, their reputation in research-oriented mental health remains weak since they are largely underresearched. This may change when the International Statistical Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11) by the World Health Organization is introduced, including a new conceptualization of adjustment disorders as a stress-response disorder with positively defined core symptoms. Objective This paper provides an overview of evidence-based interventions for adjustment disorders. Methods We reviewed the new ICD-11 concept of adjustment disorder and discuss the the rationale and case study of an unguided self-help protocol for burglary victims with adjustment disorder, and its possible implementation as an eHealth intervention. Results Overall, the treatment with the self-help manual reduced symptoms of adjustment disorder, namely preoccupation and failure to adapt, as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions E-mental health options are considered uniquely suited for offering early intervention after the experiences of stressful life events that potentially trigger adjustment disorders.

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