Cathartic Effect of Suicide Attempts Not Limited to Depression

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Sarfati ◽  
Blandine Bouchaud ◽  
Marie-Christine Hardy-Baylé
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Short Term

Summary: The cathartic effect of suicide is traditionally defined as the existence of a rapid, significant, and spontaneous decrease in the depressive symptoms of suicide attempters after the act. This study was designed to investigate short-term variations, following a suicide attempt by self-poisoning, of a number of other variables identified as suicidal risk factors: hopelessness, impulsivity, personality traits, and quality of life. Patients hospitalized less than 24 hours after a deliberate (moderate) overdose were presented with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression and Impulsivity Rating Scales, Hopelessness scale, MMPI and World Health Organization's Quality of Life questionnaire (abbreviated versions). They were also asked to complete the same scales and questionnaires 8 days after discharge. The study involved 39 patients, the average interval between initial and follow-up assessment being 13.5 days. All the scores improved significantly, with the exception of quality of life and three out of the eight personality traits. This finding emphasizes the fact that improvement is not limited to depressive symptoms and enables us to identify the relative importance of each studied variable as a risk factor for attempted suicide. The limitations of the study are discussed as well as in particular the nongeneralizability of the sample and setting.

scholarly journals Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life of Poststroke Patients—Prospective Case Series Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117957351987130
Author(s):  
Hercílio Barbosa da Silva Júnior ◽  
Marcos Rassi Fernandes ◽  
Ângela Maria Costa Souza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality

Background: Poststroke depression (PSD) is a serious psychiatric complication often reported after a stroke. Nearly a third of stroke survivors experience depressive symptoms at some point, affecting their functional recovery and quality of life. In recent years, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been studied by many researchers and found to be a safe supporting tool for the treatment of PSD. Objective: We aim to evaluate the effects of rTMS on PSD and on the quality of life of poststroke patients. Method: A prospective clinical case series, performed at CRER Rehabilitation, Brazil, between June 2016 and May 2017. A nonprobabilistic sample (n = 15) was divided into 2 groups (excitatory stimulation in F3, n = 8; inhibitory stimulation in F4, n = 7) and underwent 20 sessions of rTMS. Individuals were assessed according to the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire at 3 different moments: baseline, at the end of the treatment, and in a 1-month follow-up meeting. Results: Both groups presented a significant change in the score of all WHOQOL-BREF domains and in HAM-D17. In the group that received inhibitory stimulation (F4), score changes were continuous and gradual, comparing the 3 moments. In the excitatory stimulated (F3) group, however, the improvement in scores was more expressive between baseline and the second moment, without significant changes in the follow-up. Conclusions: The findings of this clinical study suggest that rTMS can be a promising tool, capable of relieving depressive symptoms and helping in the improvement of poststroke patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in a Sample of Italian Women with a Diagnosis of Fibromyalgia: The Role of Attachment Styles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Cristina Sechi ◽  
Loredana Lucarelli ◽  
Laura Vismara
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
World Health ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
The Impact

Background. Women with fibromyalgia (FM) commonly suffer from depression, pervasive fatigue, and pain. The attachment style has been hypothesized to be an important factor for understanding the experience of these symptoms. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study is aimed at investigating the effect of attachment styles in women with a diagnosis of FM on depressive symptoms and quality of life. Method. Participants were 453 Italian women with a physician’s diagnosis of FM with a mean age of 47 years ( SD = 10.9 ). To assess attachment styles, quality of life, and depressive symptoms, women responded, respectively, to the Relationship Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory II. Results. Our results showed that the incidence of depressive symptoms was elevated, with 59% of women reporting moderate to severe symptoms. Also, the statistical analyses showed that both preoccupied and avoidant/dismissing attachments were related with depression symptoms and low perception of QoL. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that, when evaluating the impact of FM on the QoL of women, it is important to consider the complexity of the variables that are at play. Insecure attachment styles and depressive symptoms seem to increase the likelihood of the psycho-social-somatic malaise in FM women.

scholarly journals A 15 tételes Rövid Geriátriai Depresszió Skála hazai alkalmazásával szerzett tapasztalatok normatív mintán

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-309
Author(s):  
Szekeres Tamás ◽  
Hargitai Rita
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Self Rating

Bevezetés: Az időskori depresszió gyakran aluldiagnosztizált, noha a vezető pszichés problémát jelenti ebben az életkorban. A Rövid Geriátriai Depresszió Skála (GDS-SF) az időskori depresszió tüneteinek felmérésére alkalmas kérdőív, amelyet gyakran alkalmaznak nemzetközi viszonylatban a klinikumban. Célkitűzés: Jelen tanulmány célkitűzése kettős. Elsődleges célja a 15 tételes Rövid Geriátriai Depresszió Skála (GDS-SF) hazai normatív mintán történő tesztelése és az alkalmazásával szerzett tapasztalatok közreadása. Másodsorban arra a kérdésre keressük a választ, hogy az idősek mintáján van-e protektív szerepe az online tér használatának a depresszió vonatkozásában. Módszerek: A keresztmetszeti, kérdőíves kutatásban 65 éves és afeletti életkorú vizsgálati személyek önkéntesen vettek részt, az adatokat anonim módon, papír–ceruza alapon (n = 142) és online (n = 167) formában gyűjtöttük. A kérdőív validálásához az Egészségügyi Világszervezet Rövidített Életminőség Kérdőívét, a Rövidített WHO Jól-Lét Kérdőívet, valamint a Zung Önértékelő Depresszió Skálát használtuk. A válaszmeghamisító tendenciák szűrésére a Caprara-féle Big Five Kérdőív Szociális Kívánatosság alskáláját alkalmaztuk. Eredmények: A parallel-elemzés eredménye egyfaktoros struktúrát jelez, és az egyetlen faktor az összvariancia 64,8%-át magyarázza. A kérdőív megbízhatósága kiváló (Cronbach-α = 0,95). A GDS-SF az elvárásoknak megfelelő irányú és mértékű korrelációt mutatott a validáláshoz alkalmazott mérőeszközökkel: a GDS-SF és az életminőség alfaktorai közötti korrelációs együttható (r) értéke –0,59 és –0,61 közötti (p < 0,001), a jólléttel –0,71 (p < 0,001), míg a Zung Önértékelő Depresszió Skálával 0,74 (p < 0,001). A papíralapú és az online adatgyűjtésben részt vevő vizsgálati személyek körében nem találtunk szignifikáns különbséget a depreszszió előfordulási gyakoriságában, amennyiben kontroll alatt tartjuk az életkor és az iskolai végzettség hatását. Következtetések: A 15 tételes Rövid Geriátriai Depresszió Skála magyar verziója megbízható és érvényes eszköz az időskori depresszió mérésére normatív mintán, miközben a klinikai minta vonatkozásában további vizsgálatok szükségesek. Introduction: Geriatric depression is the leading mental disorder among the older population, although it is often underdiagnosed. The Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form) (GDS-SF) is a screening tool designed to measure depressive symptoms in older adults and is used by clinicians globally. Objective: The primary objective of the study is the psychometric testing of GDS-SF among pensioners, as well as to present our experiences with using the questionnaire on a Hungarian sample. The secondary objective of the study is to explore whether the use of online space is a protective factor against developing depressive symptoms in this population. Methods: A total of 309 participants took part in this cross-sectional study, all of them above the age of 65, with full anonymity granted to all involved. The questionnaire was available in paper-based (n = 142) and online (n = 167) format as well. For the validation of GDS-SF, the Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Abbreviated WHO Well-Being Questionnaire, and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were used. The Social Desirability Scale of the Caprara Big Five Questionnaire was used to filter out response distortion tendencies. Results: The results of the parallel analysis of the questionnaire supported a one-factor structure design, with 64.8% of the variance explained. According to the validity analysis, GDS-SF showed sufficient direction and degree of correlation with the questionnaires used for comparison and was in accordance with our a priori assumed direction and degree of correlation. Upon examination we discovered that the GDF-SF has a correlation coefficient (r) between –0.59 and –0.61 (p < 0.001) with the quality of life subfactors, –0.71 (p < 0.001) with wellbeing, and 0.74 (p < 0.001) with Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. The reliability of the survey also proved to be excellent. There was no significant difference between the prevalence of depression between the two groups (paper-based and online), when controlling for the effects of age and level of education. Conclusions: The Hungarian version of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring depressive symptoms in the older normative adult population. Regarding the clinical sample, further exploration is needed.

scholarly journals Long-term impact of olfactory dysfunction on daily life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice B. Auinger ◽  
Gerold Besser ◽  
David T. Liu ◽  
Bertold Renner ◽  
Christian A. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Counselling

Summary Background Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common in the general population, affects the quality of life (QoL), and is suspected to cause depression. Long-term outcome data are lacking and there is a need to improve patient counselling regarding prognosis. We aimed to assess subjective long-term recovery rates, the QoL, and mood disturbance in a group of 65 patients, who were affected with OD. Methods Out of 325 patients treated for OD between 2003 and 2009  at a smell and taste clinic, 65 patients were included for a follow-up after an average of 8.6 years. A total of 28 patients answered questionnaires only and 37 patients were provided with an additional smell identification test. Among others, questionnaires included a short form of the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Beck’s depression inventory. Results In the long run, subjective improvement was stated in 33.8% of all patients, with the highest rate of 42.3% in patients with postinfectious OD. The subjective rating of olfactory function on a visual analogue scale was significantly higher at study follow-up compared to first clinical contact (median 1.25 vs. 4.5; U = 469.5, p = 0.001), as were mean identification scores (6.0 ± 3.0 vs. 8.0 ± 4.0, t(18) = 2.51, p = 0.021). The QoL in general was considered reduced in 40% of all patients at follow-up. Furthermore, participants exhibited only minor, if any, depressive symptoms. Conclusion Despite negative effects of OD on certain activities in daily life, such as cooking, detecting spoiled food, or personal hygiene, it seems that the patients included in this study adapted to the OD in the long-term. The current findings should aid clinicians in patient counselling.

scholarly journals The Efficacy and Acceptability of Exposure Therapy for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haomiao Li ◽  
Tengyue Huang ◽  
Shiyu Tan ◽  
Siyu Xie ◽  
Qisheng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Severity Rating

Abstract BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among children and adolescents who have experienced traumatic events. Exposure therapy (ET) has been shown to be effective in treating PTSD in adults. However, it remains uncertain in children and adolescents. AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of ET in children and adolescents with PTSD.MethodWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS, international trial registries, and others for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessed ET in children and adolescents (aged ≤ 18 years) with PTSD up to August 31, 2020. The primary outcomes were efficacy (the endpoint score from PTSD symptom severity rating scales) and acceptability (all-cause discontinuation), secondary outcomes included efficacy at follow-up (score from PTSD scales at the longest point of follow-up), depressive symptoms (end-point score on depressive symptom severity rating scales) and quality of life/social functioning (end-point score on quality of life/social functioning rating scales).This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020150859).ResultA total of six RCTs including 278 patients assessed ET. The results showed that ET was statistically more efficacious than control groups (standardized mean differences [SMD]: −0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.91 to −0.03). In subgroup analysis, exposure therapy was more efficacious for patients with single type of trauma (SMD: −1.04, 95%CI: −1.43 to −0.65), and the intervention using prolonged exposure therapy (PE) (SMD: −1.04, 95%CI: −1.43 to −0.65) was superior. Results for secondary outcomes of efficacy at follow-up (SMD: −0.64, 95%CI: −1.17 to −0.10) and depressive symptoms (SMD: −0.58, 95%CI: −0.93 to −0.22) were similar to the findings for efficacy outcome. No statistically significant effects for acceptability and quality of life/social functioning were found.ConclusionET showed superiority in efficacy at post-treatment/follow-up and depressive symptoms improvement in children and adolescents with PTSD. Patients with single type of trauma may benefit more from ET. Moreover, PE could be a better choice.

The Relationships among Locomotive Syndrome, Depressive Symptom, and Quality of Life in Older Adults Living in Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 796-803
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Locomotive Syndrome

Objective: To investigate the relationships among locomotive syndrome, depressive symptoms, and quality of life in older adults living in rural areas. Materials and Methods: The present research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was 160 community-dwelling older people living in sub-districts under the services of five health promoting hospitals located in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The prospective participants were recruited by Multi-stage random sampling. They had completed instruments, including The Demographic Questionnaire, The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale, The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and The World Health Organization Quality of life Questionnaire in Thai Elderly. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s production-moment correlation. Results: The four findings revealed that the locomotive syndrome was found in 50% of participants with the cut-point score of 16 (mean 30.98, SD 14.03), while 26.9% of the participants revealed depressive symptoms (mean 7.07, SD 1.98). The participants had a good quality of life 79.4% (mean 105.12, SD 9.03). There was a positive correlation between locomotive syndrome and depressive symptoms (r=0.47, p<0.01). An inverse correlation was found between the locomotive syndrome and quality of life (r=–0.56, p<0.01) and between depressive symptoms and quality of life (r=–0.46, p<0.01). Conclusion: Findings from the present study would be useful for the health care providers to design interventions to promote physical function along with psychological well-being. Keywords: Locomotive syndrome, Depressive symptoms, Quality of life, Older adults

scholarly journals Resilience, Cardiological Outcome, and Their Correlations With Anxious-Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Isella ◽  
Alessandra Gasparini ◽  
Giulia Lucca ◽  
Marta Ielmini ◽  
Ivano Caselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator

Background: Resilience is proven as a protective factor against the development of psychiatric disorders, and it has gained clinical relevance in the development and progression of cardiovascular pathology. The authors performed a longitudinal study on patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) with the primary aim to highlight the possible existence of a correlation between individual resilience capacity, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and quality of life in terms of outcomes. The secondary aim was to analyze the differences between patients with major cardiac events in the follow-up and patients without cardiac events with respect to the previous variables.Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients enrolled in the Cardiology Unit were evaluated at T0 and during the follow-up through the following scales: the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-Bref).Results: A significant linear correlation between resilience and all the areas of quality of life at T0, T1, and T2 emerged. A negative correlation between resilience and anxiety and depressive symptoms emerged, as well as between depression and anxiety and quality of life. Patients with cardiac events during the follow up have shown a worse quality of life and the onset of anxiety-depressive symptoms over time, without changes to the resilience scores. Patients without cardiac events showed an increasing trend in resilience scores.Discussion: Given the speed and simplicity of use of the RS-14 scale, it seems promising to further investigate the real clinical usefulness of this instrument in the cardiology field.

scholarly journals Quality of life in panic disorder: the influence of clinical features and personality traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-393
Author(s):  
Marcos Fidry ◽  
Morena Mourao Zugliani ◽  
Clarissa Reis do Valle ◽  
Renan Machado Martins ◽  
Mariana Costa do Cabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
World Health Organization Quality

Abstract Objective To identify which clinical features and personality traits are associated with quality of life (QoL) in panic disorder (PD) patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with PD patients. The brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) were used to assess QoL and personality traits respectively. The strength of correlations was measured with Pearson’s, Spearman’s, and point-biserial correlation coefficients. We also performed multiple linear regressions, considering sociodemographic data and scores from clinical scales as independent variables and QoL scores as dependent variables. Results A total of 98 patients were evaluated. Depressive symptoms had a strong negative correlation with QoL and, to a lesser extent, panic and anxiety symptoms were also negatively correlated with QoL. While consciousness, extraversion, and agreeableness had mild positive correlations with QoL, neuroticism had a strong negative correlation. Conclusion Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and panic seem to have a negative impact on the QoL of PD patients. Personality traits, especially neuroticism, may also influence QoL in these patients.

What Characterizes Depression in Old Age? Results from the Bruneck Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (04) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Michaela Defrancesco ◽  
Raimund Pechlaner ◽  
Stefan Kiechl ◽  
Johann Willeit ◽  
Eberhard Deisenhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Depressed Group

Abstract Introduction Depression in old age is associated with functional disabilities, cognitive impairment, lower self-rated quality of life, and increased mortality. The aim of the study was to reveal the prevalence of depression and to investigate the characteristics of patients treated with antidepressants. Methods We analyzed data from the Bruneck Study 2010. All participants completed a clinical examination, cognitive screening, the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (cutoff score of>8 to define relevant depressive symptoms), and the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire (WHO-QoL). Group differences were calculated using binary logistic regression analysis. Results Out of 456 participants (mean age of 73.1±8.2 years), 22.1% showed depressive symptoms, and out of these, 30% were taking antidepressants. The depressed group compared to the GDS ≤8 group showed significantly lower WHO-QoL (p<0.001) and Mini Mental State Examination (p=0.015) score. Further, 13% of the latter compared to the GDS>8 group received antidepressants, and these had a lower WHO-QoL score (p<0.033). Discussion Depressive symptoms are frequent in the elderly population. Our results confirm the negative influence of depressive symptoms on cognition and quality of life. Patients with somatic comorbidities are likely to receive more antidepressant medication.

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