Examination-Related Feedback, Mood, and Helping: A Correlational Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Feldt ◽  
Michelle Jagodzinski ◽  
Kristin McKinley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
Class Session ◽  
Letter Grade ◽  
Before And After

The association of mood with helping was examined. College students ( N = 62) self-reported mood before and after receiving feedback (numerical score and letter grade) on an examination administered during the previous class session. Helping measures included the number of sessions in which they were willing to serve and the number of names in a list of 120 checked for spelling. Analysis indicated that examination scores were negatively correlated with negative affect ( r = –.69) and positively correlated with positive affect ( r = .51); however, there was no statistically significant relationship between mood and helping.

Is there enough “interest in and pleasure in” the concept of depression? The development of the Leuven Affect and Pleasure Scale (LAPS)

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Demyttenaere ◽  
Philippe Mortier ◽  
Glenn Kiekens ◽  
Ronny Bruffaerts
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Hedonic Tone ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Depressed College Students ◽  
Overall Functioning

ObjectivePresence of negative mood (depressed mood) and anhedonia (lack of interest and pleasure) are considered core symptoms of depression, while absence of positive mood is not taken into account. It is therefore remarkable that the depression scales routinely used to assess changes during antidepressant treatment (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HDRS], Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]) do not really take into account anhedonia. Several scales were developed to assess positive mood and hedonic tone, but they only partially cover the multidimensional concept. Therefore we developed a new 16-item questionnaire, the Leuven Affect and Pleasure Scale (LAPS), to assess negative affect, positive affect, and hedonic tone.MethodsThis first article on the LAPS questionnaire reports on the correlations between the different items, on the factor analysis, and on the differences found in 3 groups of subjects : healthy college students (N=138), depressed but still functioning college students (N=27), and severely depressed inpatients (N=38). These differences were calculated using univariate general linear models with Bonferroni post-hoc testing, and effect sizes were expressed in η2.ResultsNegative and positive affect were only moderately correlated, and the 4 independent variables (cognitive functioning, overall functioning, meaningful life, and happiness) had stronger correlations with positive affect than with negative affect. The major difference in negative affect was between healthy college students and depressed college students, positive affect was different between the 3 groups, and the major difference for hedonic tone was between depressed college students and depressed inpatients. Affiliative positive affect and the affiliative hedonic function were well preserved, even in depressed inpatients.ConclusionsThis preliminary report suggests that the LAPS offers a comprehensive assessment of negative and positive affect, of hedonic tone, and of independent variables (cognitive functioning, overall functioning, meaningful life, and happiness). Clinically relevant differences in subscores were found in 3 groups of subjects with variable levels of depression (healthy subjects, mildly depressed subjects, and severely depressed inpatients).

Momentary associations between affect and alcohol use in the daily lives of college students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Sayed ◽  
Amanda Lee McGowan ◽  
Mia Jovanova ◽  
Danielle Cosme ◽  
Yoona Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Objective: Alcohol is theorized to be motivated by desires to regulate negative affect and/or to enhance positive affect. We tested the association between momentary affect and alcohol use in the daily lives of college students, hypothesizing that alcohol use would be more likely to follow increases in positive affect and that alcohol use would not be strongly associated with negative affect. Method: Using two ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies consisting of two prompts per day for 28 days, we used multilevel hurdle models to test for lagged associations between positive and negative affect and alcohol use. There were 108 participants (60.19%; mean age = 20.20, SD=1.69) in EMA study 1 and 268 participants (60.03%women, mean age = 20.22, SD=1.96) in EMA study 2. To provide context for the affect-alcohol associations, we collected data on whether participants drank alone or with others at each drinking occasion and the drinking motives of participants using the Drinking Motives Questionnaire. Results: Alcohol use was more likely to occur following increases in positive affect. No significant associations emerged between fluctuations in negative affect and alcohol use. This pattern of findings was observed across both ecological momentary assessment studies. The majority of alcohol use occurred in social contexts. Conclusions: College students who report primarily social and enhancement motives for drinking and who seldom drink alone are more likely to drink following increases in positive affect.

Music major, affects, and positive music listening experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573561990115
Author(s):  
Joanne Chang ◽  
Peter Lin ◽  
Edward Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Music Majors ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Listening Experience ◽  
Two Measures

The use of music in mood regulation has gained increasing attention in recent years. In this study, 199 college students (70 music majors, 126 non-music majors; 101 males, 94 females) responded to two measures: the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and a 15-item Positive Music Listening Experience Scale we developed (Cronbach’s alpha = .90). It comprised 1 item on frequency of deliberate listening to music and 14 items concerning the effects of such listening on coping, solitude, and contemplative experience, comprising three subscales, respectively. Music majors scored significantly higher than non-music majors on overall Positive Music Listening Experience, as well as significantly higher in positive affect and lower in negative affect than non-music majors. Music majors scored significantly higher than non-music majors on the contemplation subscale; there were no significant differences on the coping and solitude subscales. In addition, the overall Positive Music Listening Experience score was linked significantly with positive affect and self-reported emotional intensity after the demographics were controlled. Contrary to our expectation, negative affect was not a significant predictor and was unrelated to all items of positive music listening experience. In contrast, positive affect was associated significantly with most items relating to positive music listening experience, particularly contemplative subscales items. We discuss the implications of these findings for better understanding the role of affect in influencing the effects of deliberate music listening.

scholarly journals Affective Changes During Cognitive Behavioural Therapy–As Measured by PANAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Saxon ◽  
Sophie Henriksson ◽  
Adam Kvarnström ◽  
Arto J. Hiltunen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Therapy Clients

Background:Previous researches have indicated that self-reported positive affect and negative affect is changing in a healthy direction during Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).Objective:The aim of the present study was to examine how affective personality is related to psychopathology before and after CBT.Method:A group of clients (n = 73) was measured before and after CBT, differentiated by their problem areas at pre-therapy (i.e., depressive, anxious and mixed).Results:After therapy, clients experienced higher positive affect (p < .02, d=0.66), lower negative affect (p < .001, d=0.98) and there was a significant change in the distribution of affective personality regardless of problem area, χ2= 8.41, df = 3, two-tailed p = .04, 99% CI [0.03, 0.04]. The change in the distribution was largest for the two most relevant personality types, self-actualization and self-destructive affective personality.Conclusion:Results indicate that CBT can achieve changes in affect and affective personality.

scholarly journals United on Sunday: The effects of secular rituals on social bonding and affect

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242546
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Charles ◽  
Valerie van Mulukom ◽  
Jennifer E. Brown ◽  
Fraser Watts ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secular Rituals

Religious rituals are associated with health benefits, potentially produced via social bonding. It is unknown whether secular rituals similarly increase social bonding. We conducted a field study with individuals who celebrate secular rituals at Sunday Assemblies and compared them with participants attending Christian rituals. We assessed levels of social bonding and affect before and after the rituals. Results showed the increase in social bonding taking place in secular rituals is comparable to religious rituals. We also found that both sets of rituals increased positive affect and decreased negative affect, and that the change in positive affect predicted the change in social bonding observed. Together these results suggest that secular rituals might play a similar role to religious ones in fostering feelings of social connection and boosting positive affect.

scholarly journals The effects of music induction on mood and affect in an Asian context

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562092857
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ann Campbell ◽  
Elizaveta Berezina ◽  
C M Hew D Gill
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
Sad Music

A sample of Asian participants was assessed using the Brunel Mood Scale and the Positive & Negative Affect Scale before and after music mood induction procedures to which each participant was randomly assigned. A series of mixed analyses of variance with the type of music (happy/positive vs. sad/negative) as the between-subject factor and pre–post music exposure as the within-subject factor revealed that the sad music induction attenuated the positive moods Vigor and Happiness, as well as the negative moods Anger, Tension, Fatigue, and Confusion but had no significant impact on Depression or Calmness, casting doubt on the robustness of Thayer’s circumplex model of mood formation. The happy music induction increased Vigor and decreased Fatigue and Confusion, suggesting that positive music has the potential to lift energy levels. The happy music induction led to increases in Positive Affect only, whereas the sad music condition attenuated both Positive Affect and Negative affect, casting doubt on Watson and Tellegen’s contention that the Affect systems are independent and suggesting that the bipolarity hypothesis may not provide a comprehensive explanation of mood formation. The mechanisms by which music may impact mood and potential differences in the expression of affect between Asian and Western participants are discussed.

No Evidence that Social Desirability Response Set Explains the General Factor of Personality and Its Affective Correlates

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Philippe Rushton ◽  
Stephen Erdle
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Response Set ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIn two studies, the General Factor of Personality (GFP) remained intact after controlling for the Lie scale from the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, despite the Lie Scale showing significant correlations with the GFP defining traits. In Study 1, a re-analysis of 29 self-ratings from 322 pairs of twins (644 individuals) yielded a GFP both before and after controlling for social desirability. In Study 2, four measures of affect in 133 university students loaded on a GFP both before and after controlling for social desirability such that those high on the GFP were high in self-esteem and positive affect and low in depression and negative affect. These results join those from other studies failing to find evidence that the GFP is merely an artifact of evaluative bias.

scholarly journals United on Sunday: The effects of secular rituals on social bonding and affect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Jane Charles ◽  
Valerie van Mulukom ◽  
Jennifer Brown ◽  
Fraser Watts ◽  
R. I. M. Dunbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secular Rituals

Religious rituals are associated with health benefits, potentially produced via social bonding. It is unknown whether secular rituals similarly increase social bonding. We conducted a field study with individuals who celebrate secular rituals at Sunday Assemblies and compared them with participants attending Christian rituals. We assessed levels of social bonding and affect before and after the rituals. Results showed the increase in social bonding taking place in secular rituals is comparable to religious rituals. We also found that both sets of rituals increased positive affect and decreased negative affect and that the change in positive affect predicted the change in social bonding observed. Together these results suggest that secular rituals play a similar role to religious ones in fostering feelings of social connection and boosting positive affect.

Teachers’ Time Use and Affect Before and After COVID-19 School Closures

AERA Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 233285842110680
Author(s):  
Nathan D. Jones ◽  
Eric M. Camburn ◽  
Benjamin Kelcey ◽  
Esther Quintero
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
School Closures ◽  
School Year ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Before And After

Several large-scale survey efforts have attempted to understand teachers’ experiences in the early months of the pandemic. Our study complements this literature by providing direct evidence of teachers’ work prior to and after the onset of COVID-19. We leverage unique longitudinal time use and affect data on 131 teachers from one district across the 2019–2020 school year. Specifically, we provide a full accounting of teachers’ instructional activities, their reports of their positive affect and negative affect while engaged in these activities, and the extent to which teachers’ work experiences changed post-COVID. Our results suggest a large reduction in teachers’ daily instructional minutes, which were replaced with increased planning, paperwork, and interactions with colleagues and parents. Teachers’ overall positive and negative affect did not change post-COVID. But teachers’ affective responses to specific work activities did. Post-COVID, we saw increases in teachers’ positive affect when with students.

Expression Versus Distraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Ciara James ◽  
Jennifer E. Drake ◽  
Ellen Winner
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy

While the benefit of distraction over expression as an emotion regulation strategy has been shown, it is not clear whether this benefit generalizes across a range of activities. To find out, we compared distraction versus expression in drawing, writing, talking, and thinking to oneself. We induced a negative mood in 160 participants by asking them to visualize an upsetting experience. Participants were randomly assigned to an emotion regulation strategy (express or distract) and an activity (draw, write, talk, or think). Positive and negative affect was measured before and after the mood induction and after the activity. Distraction boosted positive affect more than did expression for the draw and think activities, but distraction lowered negative affect more than did expression for all four activities. We conclude that distraction is a more effective emotion regulation strategy than expression in improving mood especially for activities that involve drawing and thinking.

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