Psychometric Validation of the Wisconsin Community Participation Scale in a Sample of People with Chronic Health Conditions and Disabilities Living in the Community

Increasing community participation can reduce the risk for functional disabilities; participation is influenced by person and environment contextual factors. Development and validation of a brief community participation assessment can advance and support evidence-based assessment in clinical rehabilitation counseling practice. It will be an invaluable rehabilitation and public health surveillance tool that can be used to gauge the health conditions and participation of people with disabilities. The current study evaluated and validated the Wisconsin Community Participation Scale (WCPS) in 982 individuals with chronic health conditions and disabilities. Participants indicated five most meaningful life roles: (a) being able to get around with or without help, (b) live independently with or without help, (c) live a healthy lifestyle, (d) work, and (e) leisure and recreation activities. The WCPS scores were positively associated with physical health, mental health, and life satisfaction and negatively related to functional disability in the theoretically expected directions. The WCPS can help rehabilitation counselors assess their clients’ current level of participation in meaningful life roles that are important to them. Rehabilitation counselors can use the WCPS assessment data to guide treatment planning and empower clients to build confidence and self-efficacy to participate in personally meaningful activities in the community.

Meaningful Aging: A Relational Conceptualization, Intervention, and Its Impacts

Having a meaningful life is one of the most important goals among older adults. This paper provided an overview of a programme of research and practice on meaningful aging among older Chinese adults. It firstly describes the process of developing and validating a relational conceptualization of a meaningful life (i.e., spiritual well-being) among older Chinese adults from its conceptual roots, development, and validation process since 2009 through an academic–community collaboration. In brief, a meaningful life was attributed to five relationships centered on older adults: the relationship with self, relationship with family, relationship with friends, relationship with people other than family and friends, and relationship with the environment. Secondly, the paper explains a validated assessment tool (e.g., the Spirituality Scale for Chinese Elders, (SSCE)) that was developed accordingly. Evidence-based stratified interventions derived from the conceptualization and operationalization were then introduced including a professionally led group intervention protocol, a volunteer-partner intervention protocol, and a self-help-oriented intervention, which shared eight-session core contents. Good practices in applying various interventions among older adults with diversified backgrounds (e.g., health status, age, and gender) and various service settings (e.g., community, long-term care facilities, and home visits) were then synthesized. Thirdly, feedback from stakeholders is illustrated, and good practices are discussed. In conclusion, a culturally sensitive and meaningful aging framework is timely and impactful for the globally aging world.

Using Animals in the Pursuit of Human Flourishing through Sport

Sport provides an arena for human flourishing. For some, this pursuit of a meaningful life through sport involves the use of non-human animals, not least of all through sport hunting. This paper will take seriously that sport – including sport hunting – can provide a meaningful arena for human flourishing. Additionally, it will accept for present purposes that animals are of less moral value than humans. This paper will show that, even accepting these premises, much use of animals for sport – including sport hunting – is unacceptable. Nonetheless it will show that there can be acceptable ways of using animals as part of a human’s meaningful life pursuits through sport, albeit in a more limited fashion than many sportspersons currently accept.

KAJIAN TEOLOGIS MURID YANG MEMURIDKAN BERDASARKAN 2 TIMOTIUS 2:1-2

Abstrak Pemuridan adalah harga mati dari seorang murid Yesus. Murid Yesus yang sejati harus menghasilkan murid lainnya bagi Yesus. Pola pemuridan yang benar dan efektif yang diteladankan Yesus, dan dicontoh Rasul Paulus dalam pelayanan dan kehidupannya yang dalam 2 Timotius 1:2 dipercayakan dan diwariskan kepada Timotius untuk diteruskan kepada generasi murid-murid Yesus terus sampai kesudahan akhir zaman sungguh terbukti ampuh. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka melalui buku-buku dan artikel-artikel yang berkualitas dalam membahas pemuridan Kristen. Hasil dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa implikasi kehidupan yang bermakna dari seorang murid Kristus yang memuridkan lagi yang harus nyata diperagakan dalam kehidupan kekristenannya sebagai pribadi dan gereja sebagai kehidupan komunitas murid-murid Yesus, yaitu: Pertama, Tetap tinggal di dalam Kristus. Kedua, Hidup dengan tujuan menghasilkan buah. Ketiga, Memiliki hasrat untuk regenerasi dan pelipatgandaan murid. Keempat, Meneladani Yesus yang memuridkan murid. Kelima, Gereja dan pemimpin rohani yang memuridkan. Keenam, Menjadikan pemuridan sebagai gaya hidup. Abstract Discipleship is the fixed price of a disciple of Jesus. A true disciple of Jesus must produce other disciples for Jesus. The pattern of true and effective discipleship that Jesus imitated, and was imitated by the Apostle Paul in his ministry and life which in 2 Timothy 1:2 was entrusted and passed on to Timothy to be passed on to generations of Jesus' disciples until the end of the age had really proven effective. The method in this study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach through quality books and articles in discussing Christian discipleship. The results of this study conclude that the implications of a meaningful life of a disciple of Christ who make disciples again that must be manifested in his Christian life as a person and the church as a community life of Jesus' disciples, namely: First, Remain in Christ. Second, live with the aim of producing fruit. Third, have a desire to regenerate and multiply disciples. Fourth, Imitate Jesus who made disciples. Fifth, the Church and spiritual leaders who make disciples. Sixth, Make discipleship a lifestyle.

Living in the New Normal: Effect of Residential Setting on Perception of a Meaningful Life among Older Women

Perception of a meaningful life is related to depression, anxiety, and general well-being. The sense that one’s life is meaningful influences overall quality of life, which influences aging well. It is not clear whether differences in residential setting influence perception of a meaningful life. This study evaluated the effect of residential setting (community versus assisted living) on perception of a meaningful life in 48 older (79.7 ± 1.0 years) women living in the community (n=24) or assisted living (n=24) who were pair matched by age. They completed a one-time questionnaire regarding self-rated health and whether life has meaning. Both questions were scored on a 5-point scale with 0 indicating poor health or no life meaning and 4 indicating excellent health or strong life meaning. There were no significant differences in age between women in community living (CL) and assisted living (AL) (78.0 ± 09 vs. 81.5 ± 1.6 years, respectively; p=0.7). Both groups also reported similar self-rated health scores (CL: 2.4 ± 0.2; AL: 2.2 ± 0.2; p=0.4), indicating good-very good health. However, there were significant differences between groups in their perception of a meaningful life. Women in CL reported significantly lower scores compared to women in AL (2.9 ± 0.2 vs. 3.6 ± 0.1; p=0.006), indicating that women in CL perceived a less meaningful life. Based on our findings, it appears that the supportive infrastructure provided by AL residential settings may promote quality of life and successful aging by enhancing the perception of a more meaningful life.

MEANINGFULNESS OF LIFE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEINGAS THE BASIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH IN STUDENT AGE

The article reveals the relevance of the problem of human psychological health. In this context, psychological health is understood as a property of a mature personality, which is the result of training, development and education at each age stage of ontogenesis. A subjective well-being is considered as an index of a person’s psychological health. The article presents the results of empirical research of the interrelation between students’ subjective well-being and their meaningful life.

Opening Possibilities for a Meaningful Life Narrative Identity in Service of Existential Health and Spiritual Care

Paul Ricoeur's understanding of philosophical hermeneutics offers a valuable tool to think about the meaning of life. By approaching philosophy as a way of living through the need for meaning, Ricoeur places his hermeneutics between two common directions in twentieth-century philosophy as a way of living, Sartrean humanism and Foucauldian antihumanism. As such, Ricoeur's narrative conception of the self can contribute to rethinking a conception of existential health and spiritual care.

Meaningful orientations of insulator’s convicts

В статье представлены результаты исследования смысложизненных ориентаций у осужденных следственного изолятора. В исследовании приняли участие 35 осужденных мужского пола в возрасте от 23 до 30 лет, находящихся под стражей по г. Санкт Петербургу и Ленинградской области. Психодиагностические методики исследования: 1) тест смысложизненные ориентации (Д.А. Леонтьев); 2) методика «Пословицы» (C.М. Петрова). Статистическая обработка данных производилась с помощью U-критерий Манна-Уитни для выявления значимости различий. Факторами риска антисоциального поведения осужденных являются психологические; социальные (воспитание в неполной семье, низкий образовательный уровень, низкий уровень материального положения, склонность к антисоциальным рецидивам, повышенная конфликтность). Установлено, что осужденные, совершившие преступления против личности резко отличаются от осужденных, совершивших преступление нападение с целью грабежа по критерию «Процесс жизни», это говорит о том, что осужденные в достаточной степени не довольны своей жизнью. Данные исследования могут быть применены при прогнозировании поведения осужденного в условиях лишения свободы (риск развития суицидального поведения, отношения с другими осужденными, вероятность нарушения распорядка и совершения противоправных действий на территории исправительного учреждения). The article presents the results of a study of life-meaning orientations among convicts in a pre-trial detention center. The study involved 35 male convicts aged 23 to 30, who are in custody in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. Psychodiagnostic research methods: 1) test of meaningful life orientations (DA Leontiev); 2) the "Proverbs" technique (SM Petrova). Statistical processing of the data was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test to identify the significance of differences. The risk factors for antisocial behavior of convicts are psychological; social (upbringing in an incomplete family, low educational level, low level of financial situation, a tendency to antisocial relapses, increased conflict). It has been established that convicts who have committed crimes against the person differ sharply from those who have committed a crime of assault with the purpose of robbery according to the criterion "Process of life", this indicates that the convicts are sufficiently dissatisfied with their lives. These studies can be used to predict the behavior of a convict under conditions of imprisonment (the risk of developing suicidal behavior, relationships with other convicts, the likelihood of disrupting the order and committing illegal actions on the territory of the correctional institution).

The Lived Experience of Interdependence: Support Worker Relationships and Implications for Wider Rehabilitation

Engaging in a meaningful life where one can exercise autonomy has been proposed as a key aim of rehabilitation. Influenced by a neoliberal worldview, this has traditionally been characterised by a pursuit towards individual functional independence in which one completes tasks and activities unassisted. However for many persons, individual functional independence may not be a realistic, prioritised or beneficial goal. Many individuals must learn to work with support workers to exercise choice and control. Such relationships extend beyond a transactional nature and involve many subtle characteristics. In this article, I draw on my lived experience of partnering with support workers to illustrate the complexity of such relationships and how they can enable interdependence to serve as a vehicle to self-determination. I finish with some ideas about what rehabilitation can do to recognise the important role human connections play in facilitating interdependence. Understanding the nature of these relationships is necessary to provide services which value interdependence, supporting people to pursue a meaningful life following impairment.