scholarly journals The effects of music induction on mood and affect in an Asian context

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562092857
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ann Campbell ◽  
Elizaveta Berezina ◽  
C M Hew D Gill
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Subject Factor ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
Sad Music

A sample of Asian participants was assessed using the Brunel Mood Scale and the Positive & Negative Affect Scale before and after music mood induction procedures to which each participant was randomly assigned. A series of mixed analyses of variance with the type of music (happy/positive vs. sad/negative) as the between-subject factor and pre–post music exposure as the within-subject factor revealed that the sad music induction attenuated the positive moods Vigor and Happiness, as well as the negative moods Anger, Tension, Fatigue, and Confusion but had no significant impact on Depression or Calmness, casting doubt on the robustness of Thayer’s circumplex model of mood formation. The happy music induction increased Vigor and decreased Fatigue and Confusion, suggesting that positive music has the potential to lift energy levels. The happy music induction led to increases in Positive Affect only, whereas the sad music condition attenuated both Positive Affect and Negative affect, casting doubt on Watson and Tellegen’s contention that the Affect systems are independent and suggesting that the bipolarity hypothesis may not provide a comprehensive explanation of mood formation. The mechanisms by which music may impact mood and potential differences in the expression of affect between Asian and Western participants are discussed.

Expression Versus Distraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Ciara James ◽  
Jennifer E. Drake ◽  
Ellen Winner
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy

While the benefit of distraction over expression as an emotion regulation strategy has been shown, it is not clear whether this benefit generalizes across a range of activities. To find out, we compared distraction versus expression in drawing, writing, talking, and thinking to oneself. We induced a negative mood in 160 participants by asking them to visualize an upsetting experience. Participants were randomly assigned to an emotion regulation strategy (express or distract) and an activity (draw, write, talk, or think). Positive and negative affect was measured before and after the mood induction and after the activity. Distraction boosted positive affect more than did expression for the draw and think activities, but distraction lowered negative affect more than did expression for all four activities. We conclude that distraction is a more effective emotion regulation strategy than expression in improving mood especially for activities that involve drawing and thinking.

An Experimental Investigation into the Effect of State-Anxiety on State-Paranoia in People Experiencing Psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
Megan Cowles ◽  
Lorna Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Negative State ◽  
Neutral Mood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Affect ◽  
Clinical Populations

Background:There is strong evidence to suggest that anxiety is associated with paranoia in clinical and non-clinical samples. However, no research to date has directly manipulated anxiety to investigate if state-anxiety has a causal role in state-paranoia in clinical populations.Aims:To investigate whether an anxious-mood induction leads to greater paranoia than a neutral-mood induction in people experiencing psychosis and paranoia and, if so, whether this is predicted by anxiety over and above other variables.Method:22 participants with a psychosis-spectrum diagnosis took part in a two condition cross-over experimental design. Participants underwent a neutral-mood and an anxious-mood induction with levels of state-anxiety, state-affect and state-paranoia being measured before and after each condition.Results:State-paranoia was significantly higher after the anxious condition compared with the neutral condition. State-anxiety and negative-affect were significant predictors of levels of state-paranoia after the anxious condition. When both predictors were included in a regression model, only negative-affect was a significant predictor of state-paranoia after the anxious condition. There were a number of methodological limitations.Conclusions:State-anxiety and negative-affect may both be involved in the maintenance of paranoia in clinical populations, as predicted by cognitive models. Negative-affect may be the strongest predictor of state-paranoia in clinical populations. Reasons for this are discussed, as well as the implications. Interventions that seek to reduce negative state-affect may be beneficial in managing state-paranoia. Further research is warranted to explore the suggested clinical and theoretical implications of these findings.

scholarly journals Hooked on a Feeling: Influence of Brief Exposure to Familiar Music on Feelings of Emotion in Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1031
Author(s):  
Alaine E. Reschke-Hernández ◽  
Amy M. Belfi ◽  
Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez ◽  
Daniel Tranel
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Post Induction ◽  
Sad Music

Background: Research has indicated that individuals with Alzheimer’s-type dementia (AD) can experience prolonged emotions, even when they cannot recall the eliciting event. Less is known about whether music can modify the emotional state of individuals with AD and whether emotions evoked by music linger in the absence of a declarative memory for the eliciting event. Objective: We examined the effects of participant-selected recorded music on self-reported feelings of emotion in individuals with AD, and whether these feelings persisted irrespective of declarative memory for the emotion-inducing stimuli. Methods: Twenty participants with AD and 19 healthy comparisons (HCs) listened to two 4.5-minute blocks of self-selected music that aimed to induce either sadness or happiness. Participants reported their feelings at baseline and three times post-induction and completed recall and recognition tests for the music selections after each induction. Results: Participants with AD had impaired memory for music selections compared to HCs. Both groups reported elevated sadness and negative affect after listening to sad music and increased happiness and positive affect after listening to happy music, relative to baseline. Sad/negative and happy/positive emotions endured up to 20 minutes post-induction. Conclusion: Brief exposure to music can induce strong and lingering emotions in individuals with AD. These findings extend the intriguing phenomenon whereby lasting emotions can be prompted by stimuli that are not remembered declaratively. Our results underscore the utility of familiar music for inducing emotions in individuals with AD and may ultimately inform strategies for using music listening as a therapeutic tool with this population.

SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN GOAL ATTAINMENT AS A MOOD INDUCTION PROCEDURE

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Henkel ◽  
Verlin B. Hinsz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Induction Procedure ◽  
Mood Induction Procedure

The experimental study of mood and affect requires the manipulation of mood experiences. There are some problems regarding the use of certain types of success and failure mood induction procedures and how they actually induce the desired mood. The authors hypothesized that success and failure in goal attainment would lead to desired differences in positive and negative affect. Results indicate that success in attaining a goal led to more positive affect and less negative affect, while failure in goal attainment resulted in less positive affect and more negative affect. These results demonstrate that goal-setting situations are viable ways to explore affective reactions and support success and failure in goal attainment as a method to induce desired moods.

scholarly journals A pilot study of positive mood induction in euthymic bipolar subjects compared with healthy controls

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE FARMER ◽  
DOMINIC LAM ◽  
BARBARA SAHAKIAN ◽  
JONATHON ROISER ◽  
AILBHE BURKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Happy Mood ◽  
Analogue Scales

Background. Demonstrating differences between euthymic bipolar subjects and healthy controls in response to positive (happy) mood induction may help elucidate how mania evolves. This pilot study evaluates the Go task in a reward paradigm as a method for inducing a happy mood state and compares the response of euthymic bipolar subjects and healthy controls.Method. The Sense of Hyperpositive Self Scale, the Tellegen positive and negative adjectives, the Global-Local task and a visual analogue scale for measuring positive affect were administered to 15 euthymic bipolar subjects and 19 age-and-sex-matched healthy control subjects before and after they had performed the Go task in a reward paradigm.Results. Significant differences were found between subjects and controls on several measures at each time-point but there were no differences across the groups across time except for the visual analogue scales, where subjects had a more sustained duration in self-reported happiness compared with controls.Conclusions. This pilot study has shown that a positive affect can be induced in bipolar subjects and controls which can be demonstrated by changes in scores on several tasks. However, only the visual analogue scales showed a significant difference between cases and controls over time. Such tests may prove valuable in furthering understanding about the evolution of manic mood states.

scholarly journals Affective Changes During Cognitive Behavioural Therapy–As Measured by PANAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Saxon ◽  
Sophie Henriksson ◽  
Adam Kvarnström ◽  
Arto J. Hiltunen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Therapy Clients

Background:Previous researches have indicated that self-reported positive affect and negative affect is changing in a healthy direction during Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).Objective:The aim of the present study was to examine how affective personality is related to psychopathology before and after CBT.Method:A group of clients (n = 73) was measured before and after CBT, differentiated by their problem areas at pre-therapy (i.e., depressive, anxious and mixed).Results:After therapy, clients experienced higher positive affect (p < .02, d=0.66), lower negative affect (p < .001, d=0.98) and there was a significant change in the distribution of affective personality regardless of problem area, χ2= 8.41, df = 3, two-tailed p = .04, 99% CI [0.03, 0.04]. The change in the distribution was largest for the two most relevant personality types, self-actualization and self-destructive affective personality.Conclusion:Results indicate that CBT can achieve changes in affect and affective personality.

scholarly journals United on Sunday: The effects of secular rituals on social bonding and affect

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242546
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Charles ◽  
Valerie van Mulukom ◽  
Jennifer E. Brown ◽  
Fraser Watts ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secular Rituals

Religious rituals are associated with health benefits, potentially produced via social bonding. It is unknown whether secular rituals similarly increase social bonding. We conducted a field study with individuals who celebrate secular rituals at Sunday Assemblies and compared them with participants attending Christian rituals. We assessed levels of social bonding and affect before and after the rituals. Results showed the increase in social bonding taking place in secular rituals is comparable to religious rituals. We also found that both sets of rituals increased positive affect and decreased negative affect, and that the change in positive affect predicted the change in social bonding observed. Together these results suggest that secular rituals might play a similar role to religious ones in fostering feelings of social connection and boosting positive affect.

Examination-Related Feedback, Mood, and Helping: A Correlational Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Feldt ◽  
Michelle Jagodzinski ◽  
Kristin McKinley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
Class Session ◽  
Letter Grade ◽  
Before And After

The association of mood with helping was examined. College students ( N = 62) self-reported mood before and after receiving feedback (numerical score and letter grade) on an examination administered during the previous class session. Helping measures included the number of sessions in which they were willing to serve and the number of names in a list of 120 checked for spelling. Analysis indicated that examination scores were negatively correlated with negative affect ( r = –.69) and positively correlated with positive affect ( r = .51); however, there was no statistically significant relationship between mood and helping.

No Evidence that Social Desirability Response Set Explains the General Factor of Personality and Its Affective Correlates

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Philippe Rushton ◽  
Stephen Erdle
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Response Set ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIn two studies, the General Factor of Personality (GFP) remained intact after controlling for the Lie scale from the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, despite the Lie Scale showing significant correlations with the GFP defining traits. In Study 1, a re-analysis of 29 self-ratings from 322 pairs of twins (644 individuals) yielded a GFP both before and after controlling for social desirability. In Study 2, four measures of affect in 133 university students loaded on a GFP both before and after controlling for social desirability such that those high on the GFP were high in self-esteem and positive affect and low in depression and negative affect. These results join those from other studies failing to find evidence that the GFP is merely an artifact of evaluative bias.

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