Parents' and Young Adults' Individualism-Collectivism: Ethnic Group Differences

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Longitudinal Investigation ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences

This study examined to what extent ethnic group differences in young adults' individualistic-collectivistic orientations could be attributed to their parents' socialization orientations. Data were collected from 320 21-yr.-olds and their parents from Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australian families as part of a longitudinal investigation. The findings indicated that the relations between parents' and young adults' individualistic-collectivistic orientations differed for women and men and varied among ethnic groups.

scholarly journals US Ethnic Group Differences in Family Member Support for People With Diabetes in the 2nd Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Peyrot ◽  
Leonard Egede ◽  
Martha Funnell ◽  
William Hsu ◽  
Laurie Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Perceived Helpfulness

Purpose The purpose of the study was to describe the perceptions of family members (FM) and people with diabetes (PWD) regarding the frequency and helpfulness of FM support for PWD, including differences among US ethnic groups. Methods The US 2nd Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) substudy was a survey of independent samples of 238 adult FM and 540 adult PWD. Outcome measures included ratings by FM and PWD of the frequency and perceived helpfulness of 7 FM support behaviors and composite scores for frequency and helpfulness. Results Ratings of individual FM support behaviors were strongly correlated between FM and PWD but significantly different among behaviors. FM and PWD reported most frequent support for listening, assisting, and doing activities with PWD and reporting PWD was doing poorly least frequently. Both groups reported listening, assisting, and reporting PWD was doing well as most helpful; reporting PWD was doing poorly was least helpful. PWD rated support and helpfulness of most behaviors lower than FM. Composite measures of support frequency and helpfulness were strongly correlated for both FM and PWD. Ethnic minority PWD and FM reported most support behaviors as more frequent and more helpful than non-Hispanic white Americans. Conclusions FM more frequently engage in the support behaviors they view as most helpful, but PWD perceive support to be less frequent and less helpful than FM. FM support differs across ethnic groups, with ethnic minorities reporting higher support frequency and helpfulness. Diabetes care providers should consider ethnic group differences in FM support for PWD.

Perceived Parents' Support for Learning and Aspirations for Australian Adolescents

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences

Relationships were examined between perceptions of parents' support for learning and measures of aspirations for Australian adolescents from different ethnic groups. The findings indicated that perceptions of parents' support combined to have significant associations with aspirations but there were ethnic-group differences in how adolescents' perceptions of fathers' and mothers' support were related to their aspirations.

scholarly journals Understanding local ethnic inequalities in childhood BMI through cross-sectional analysis of routinely collected local data

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Murphy ◽  
Rebecca Johnson ◽  
Nicholas R. Parsons ◽  
Wendy Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Black African ◽  
Ethnic Inequalities ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Individual School

Abstract Background Local-level analysis of ethnic inequalities in health is lacking, prohibiting a comprehensive understanding of the health needs of local populations and the design of effective health services. Knowledge of ethnic disparities in child weight status is particularly limited by overlooking both the heterogeneity within ethnic groupings; and the complex ecological contexts in which obesity arises. This study aimed to establish whether there was variation in childhood BMI across ethnic groups in Coventry, and the influence of individual, school and neighbourhood contexts, using routinely collected local data. Methods National Child Measurement Programme data were compiled for the period 2007/8–2014/15 and combined with routinely collected local data reflecting school performance and demographics, and school and neighbourhood physical environments. Multi-level modelling using Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods was used to account for the clustering of children within schools and neighbourhoods. Ethnic group differences in BMI z-score (zBMI) were explored at 4–5 years and 10–11 years for girls and boys alongside individual, school and neighbourhood covariates. Results At age 4–5 years (n = 28,407), ethnic group differences were similar for boys and girls, with children from South Asian, White other, Chinese and ‘any other’ ethnic groups having a significantly lower zBMI, and Black African children having a higher zBMI, versus White British (WB) children. Patterns differed considerably at age 10–11 years (n = 25,763) with marked sex differences. Boys from White other, Bangladeshi and Black African groups had a significantly higher zBMI than WB boys. For girls, only children from Black ethnic groups showed a significantly higher zBMI. Area-level deprivation was the only important school or neighbourhood covariate, but its inclusion did not explain ethnic group differences in child zBMI. Conclusion This analysis contributes to the existing literature by identifying nuanced patterns of ethnic disparities in childhood adiposity in Coventry, supporting the targeting of early obesity prevention for children from Black African groups, as well as girls from Black Caribbean and Black other ethnic backgrounds; and boys from Bangladeshi and White other ethnic backgrounds. It also demonstrates the utility of exploring routinely collected local data sets in building a comprehensive understanding of local population needs.

scholarly journals Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Plenty ◽  
Chloe Bracegirdle ◽  
Jörg Dollmann ◽  
Olivia Spiegler
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial disruptions to the daily lives of young people. Yet knowledge is lacking about changes in mental well-being among young adults, whether those from ethnic minorities were more adversely impacted by the pandemic than the ethnic majority, and the extent to which pandemic-related stressors contributed to any declines in mental well-being. Methods We draw on nationally representative German CILS4COVID data, collected early in the pandemic (N = 3517, Mage = 25). Respondents provided information on mental well-being (psychosomatic complaints, anxiety, depression, life satisfaction) and exposure to pandemic-related stressors (financial worries, health worries, discrimination, contact with COVID-19). Responses on mental well-being were matched to responses from two pre-pandemic waves. Individual fixed effects regressions examined ethnic group differences in changes in mental well-being prior to, and at the early stage of, the pandemic. Path analysis tested the role of pandemic-related stressors in declines in mental well-being. Results Overall, young adults’ mental well-being had improved at the pandemic assessment compared to pre-pandemic assessments, and few ethnic group differences in changes were found. However, greater pandemic-related stressors were associated with worsened mental well-being at the pandemic assessment. Among Asian minorities, indirect effects were found on anxiety via health worries, and on depression via health worries and discrimination. For Turkish, Middle Eastern and African minorities, indirect effects on anxiety and depression were found via health worries. Conclusions We did not find widespread declines in mental well-being among young adults at the early stage of the pandemic, and changes in mental well-being prior to and at the early stage of the pandemic were mostly similar across ethnic German and minority groups. Nevertheless, pandemic-related stressors posed risks for young adults’ mental well-being, particularly increased discrimination and health worries among Asian minorities, and health worries among Turkish, Middle Eastern and African minorities.

scholarly journals Social and ethnic group differences in healthcare use by children aged 0–14 years: a population-based cohort study in England from 2007 to 2017

2021 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2020-321045
Author(s):  
Charles Hamish Coughlan ◽  
Judith Ruzangi ◽  
Francesca K Neale ◽  
Behrouz Nezafat Maldonado ◽  
Mitch Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
White Ethnic

ObjectiveTo describe social and ethnic group differences in children’s use of healthcare services in England, from 2007 to 2017.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study.Setting/PatientsWe performed individual-level linkage of electronic health records from general practices and hospitals in England by creating an open cohort linking data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics. 1 484 455 children aged 0–14 years were assigned to five composite ethnic groups and five ordered groups based on postcode mapped to index of multiple deprivation.Main outcome measuresAge-standardised annual general practitioner (GP) consultation, outpatient attendance, emergency department (ED) visit and emergency and elective hospital admission rates per 1000 child-years.ResultsIn 2016/2017, children from the most deprived group had fewer GP consultations (1765 vs 1854 per 1000 child-years) and outpatient attendances than children in the least deprived group (705 vs 741 per 1000 child-years). At the end of the study period, children from the most deprived group had more ED visits (447 vs 314 per 1000 child-years) and emergency admissions (100 vs 76 per 1000 child-years) than children from the least deprived group.In 2016/2017, children from black and Asian ethnic groups had more GP consultations than children from white ethnic groups (1961 and 2397 vs 1824 per 1000 child-years, respectively). However, outpatient attendances were lower in children from black ethnic groups than in children from white ethnic groups (732 vs 809 per 1000 child-years). By 2016/2017, there were no differences in outpatient, ED and in-patient activity between children from white and Asian ethnic groups.ConclusionsBetween 2007 and 2017, children living in more deprived areas of England made greater use of emergency services and received less scheduled care than children from affluent neighbourhoods. Children from Asian and black ethnic groups continued to consult GPs more frequently than children from white ethnic groups, though black children had significantly lower outpatient attendance rates than white children across the study period. Our findings suggest substantial levels of unmet need among children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Further work is needed to determine if healthcare utilisation among children from Asian and black ethnic groups is proportionate to need.

Sibling, family environment and ability correlates of adolescents' aspirations: ethnic group differences

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Ability Levels ◽  
Sibling Family

SummaryLongitudinal data were used to examine relationships between sibling variables and adolescents' aspirations at different social status, family environment and ability levels in a sample of 260 Anglo-Australian, 120 Greek, and 90 Southern Italian families. In this follow-up study of an earlier investigation each family had a 16-year-old child and the analyses related to those adolescents. The study suggests that there are different relationships between birth order and educational and occupational aspirations for adolescents from different ethnic groups, even after taking into account the effect on aspirations of measures of ability and family environment.

Family environment and cognitive correlates of young adults' social status attainment: ethnic group differences

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Status Attainment ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Family Learning ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences

SummaryA longitudinal sample of 21-year-old Australians from Anglo-Australian, Greek and Southern Italian families was used to examine relationships of children's cognitive performance, family learning environments, adolescents' perceptions of family learning contexts, and measures of young adults' social status attainment. Generally, the findings using a regression approach indicated that there were ethnic group differences in the relations between parents' academic socialisation, children's cognitive performance, and measures of young adults' social status attainment. The results also showed that in each ethnic group, adolescents' perceptions of parents' support for learning had strong associations with young adults' status attainment.

Providing Needed Care to Grandparents: Gender and Ethnic Group Differences

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon B. Hamill ◽  
Nancy Roherty ◽  
Kristi Dehnert ◽  
Julia Laplante ◽  
Stacey Race
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences
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