scholarly journals The women of N. K. Jemisin: Representations of women and gender roles in the science-fantasy The Fifth Season

Ars Aeterna ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Erik György
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Women Characters ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Science Fantasy ◽  
Representations Of Women

Abstract The following paper deals with representations of women and gender roles in science-fiction and fantasy. It briefly discusses the issue in these genres in general, but it is primarily concerned with one specific example, i.e. N. K. Jemisin’s science-fantasy novel The Fifth Season. The paper’s main aim is to highlight the changing nature of representations of women in science fiction and fantasy and pay tribute to a literary work depicting women from a modern perspective. Thus, it presents the analysis of said novel from the perspective of feminist criticism and gender studies, focusing on how the novel explores through its main and side women characters, ideas of representation, biological sex versus “gendering”, and related notions of femininity, gender roles and gender stereotypes and myths.

scholarly journals Rhythmic Gymnastics vs. Boxing: Gender Stereotypes From the Two Poles of Female Sport

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piroska Béki ◽  
Andrea Gál
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
And Gender

Abstract In recent decades, women have begun to take up types of physical activity traditionally considered masculine. They appeared in previously one-gender team sports such as football or water polo, and nowadays they are also involved in ice hockey, canoeing, and are active in numerous combat sports as well. On the other hand, men have entered sport fields previously only available to women, such as rhythmic gymnastics. By this, sport can be regarded not only as a scene of gender stereotyping, but also a scene of redefining the concepts of masculinity-femininity in the negotiating of gender relations. Owing to these phenomena, there has been an emergence of studies analyzing sports from a gender aspect as well as the generalizations related to athletes involved in these sports. These studies have primarily focused on the constructions of gender identities and gender roles of women participating in traditionally masculine sports (football, weightlifting, and bodybuilding). This paper presents the results of empirical research designed to explore the opinions of top athletes involved in sports considered to be the most masculine and most feminine by the public and by sport experts: rhythmic gymnastics and boxing. They discussed their own sport and each other’s sport. With the information obtained from the structured interviews (n=22), it became possible to compare their social background, sport socialization and sport selection, as well as their conceptions of gender roles, femininity, and masculinity. As a conclusion of the research, it can be stated that from the aspects examined differences could mostly be observed in the circumstances of sport selection, but representatives of the two sports also diverged remarkably in their judgments about each other’s sport. While female boxers did not voice extreme opinions about rhythmic gymnastics, representatives of the sport regarded to be the most feminine reflected on boxing in a stereotypical and prejudiced way, even given their lack of experience.

scholarly journals Discovering Eden: Rain, Cats and Women in Hemingway’s Garden

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Ghufran Abd Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Female Presence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Criticism

Abstract The publication of The Garden of Eden in 1986 opened the gates of Hemingway’s exegesis to gender criticism, the result being a re-evaluation of the female presence in a traditional literary work devoted to the literary traditions of the personality and adventurous life of the writer that challenged the previous four decades of critical appraisal that insisted on what Broer and Holland called “superficial or misguided interpretations of Hemingway’s treatment of women and gender”. Our essay demonstrates this new approach to Hemingway’s work, with examples from “Cat in the Rain” and The Garden of Eden.

Psychometric properties of beliefs about relationship violence against women and gender stereotypes scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday B. Fakunmoju ◽  
Funmi O. Bammeke ◽  
Felicia A. D. Oyekanmi ◽  
Segun Temilola ◽  
Bukola George
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Relationship Violence ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Vallattomat naiset – Naisen muuttuva paikka Orange Is the New Black -sarjassa

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Outi Hakola
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Gender Practices ◽  
Women's Prison ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Representations Of Women

Vallattomat naiset – Naisen muuttuva paikka Orange Is the New Black -sarjassaNaisvankilasta kertova yhdysvaltalainen komediallinen draamasarja Orange Is the New Black (Netflix, 2013–) on herättänyt keskustelua siinä esitettyjen naisrepresentaatioiden monipuolisuudesta. Sarjan on nähty sekä rikkovan että toistavan olemassa olevia luokkaan, sukupuoleen, etnisyyteen ja ihonväriin liittyviä stereotyyppisiä representaatioita.Sarjamuotoisuus on mahdollistanut erilaisia tulkintoja, sillä jaksosta toiseen eri henkilöhahmojen motivaatioita määritellään uusissa konteksteissa. Sarjan monipaikkaista kerrontaa rakennetaan vaihtuvilla kerronan näkökulmilla, kuten takaumilla. Tällä tavoin aiemmin esitettyjä tulkintoja esimerkiksi hahmojen syistä joutua vankilaan voidaan kääntää päälaelleen.Representaatioiden joustavuus mahdollistaa kurittomuutta kyseenalaistamalla sitä, millainen naiseus on ihannoitavaa. Tarinan päähahmot liikkuvat sujuvasti erilaisten sukupuolittuneiden normien lomitse haastaen oletuksia ”miesten” tai ”naisten” rooleista. Myös intiimi ruumiillisuuden ja seksuaalisuuden kuvaus kyseenalaistaa amerikkalaisen populaarikulttuurin kauneusihanteita korostamalla erilaisia kehoja ja arkisia ruumiintoimintoja. Analysoin naiseuden kerronnallistamista ja erityisesti Netflixin sarjallisuuden vaikutusta Orange is the New Blackin henkilöhahmojen kuvaukseen feministisestä ja intersektionaalisesta näkökulmasta. Tuon esille, miten valitut kerrontamuodot luovat kuvaa naisista, jotka haastavat yksiulotteisia määrittelyjä ja olemassa olevia sosiaalisia ja symbolisia käytänteitä toimimalla tavoilla, jotka rikkovat naisten sukupuoleen, luokkaan, etnisyyteen, ihonväriin tai ikään liitettyjä käytösnormeja. Unruly Women – Repositioning Women in Orange Is the New BlackOrange is the New Black (Netflix, 2013–), a women’s prison drama-comedy, has inspired critical discussion on the diversity of its representations of women. The series has been claimed to both break down and reproduce existing stereotypes of class, ethnicity, race and gender. Varied interpretations are partially explained by the serial format: every episode re-frames characters, their motivations and histories by using changing narrative perspectives and contradictory flashbacks.The constant adjustment of representations emphasizes also the unruliness of the characters. In this series, being a woman has no fixed meanings. The main characters move past the gendered norms and challenge existing gender roles, for example by welcoming criminality into the womanhood. Additionally, intimate imaginings of everyday bodily functions, varied sexualities, and bodies of different shapes, races and ages redefine idealized femininity in American popular culture.In this article, I analyze from feminist and intersectional perspective how the serial format of Netflix affects the representations and narration of women in Orange is the New Black. I will bring forward the narrative solutions that imagine women who at the same time are identifiable and challenge existing gender practices by breaking down the expectations for socially desired behavior.

Gender stereotypes: persistence and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys Merma-Molina ◽  
María Alejandra Ávalos-Ramos ◽  
María Ángeles Martínez Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Household Chores ◽  
Data Collection Strategy ◽  
And Gender

PurposeThe aims of this study are to identify and analyse prevalent gender roles and the persistence of sexist stereotypes among teachers in training in Spain, to determine the reasons for them and suggest solutions for eradicating sexist prejudices.Design/methodology/approachA gender role questionnaire was administered to 1260 workers from 54 different professions who were enrolled on a postgraduate training course to qualify as secondary education teachers. The instrument contained six variables for both quantitative and qualitative analysis: professional work, family (looking after children), feelings and emotions, household chores, body image and free time.FindingsHousehold chores, looking after children and gender roles linked to body image were those most indicated by both men and women. It is concluded that men participate little in bringing up children and household chores and that women continue to shoulder the responsibility. Both are concerned about their body image, but women have little self-acceptance of and satisfaction with their bodies and a stronger sense of being judged by how they look. Gender stereotypes persist, despite extensive legislation in Spain since 2004.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has limitations deriving from its choice of convenience sampling. Although it includes participants from six Spanish autonomous communities, the number from each region is not very high. Nevertheless, the sample is representative of almost all branches of knowledge (54 professions). Another limitation concerns the images used in the research instrument as a data collection strategy insofar, as they could not be obtained from a data bank specific to the research subject but instead had to be found in databases of general images. It can be inferred that a data collection strategy without any danger of bias would be to encourage each participant to design their own images, reflecting their perceptions and auto-perceptions of gender roles and stereotypes. The fact that there were no pre-existing studies using this type of research instrument in education sciences was a handicap for the investigation. Despite these methodological limitations, the results of the study may serve as a basis for implementing specific future actions originating from any area – but especially from the area of education – aimed at teaching people about equal roles in order to eliminate sexist sterotypes. This research was carried out as part of the Proyecto Diseño y Atención a las Oportunidades de Género en la Educación Superior (Project on Design and Gender Equality of Opportunities in Higher Education) funded by the Vicerrectorado de Cooperación al Desarrollo (Office for University Cooperation for Development) at the University of Alicante (Spain).Practical implicationsSpanish legislation has not been able to promote significant changes in the performance of traditional gender roles or to eliminate sexist stereotypes that perpetuate imbalances between men and women. The ideal and prevalent model of a Spanish woman is still that of a “self-sacrificing mother”, responsible for the household chores and childcare. She must combine this first job with a second profession, and, in addition, she must have a “desirable physical image”. The study puts forward various possible solutions for reducing and/or eradicating sexist attitudes with the participation of different social agents and in particular through education. The investigation could be of use when carrying out specific cross-sectional interventions on the subject of gender equality with students on postgraduate teacher training courses, for the purposes of encouraging the elimination of stereotypes and strengthening the capacity for critical judgement, positive self-concept and self-esteem.Originality/valueThe study may be useful for carrying out specific and transversal university training interventions in postgraduate teacher training on gender equality aimed at promoting the elimination of stereotypes, the strengthening of critical judgement capacity, positive self-concept and self-esteem.

“Cinderella” Vs “Timun Mas”: Exploring Gender Stereotypes and Culture as Learning Material Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Cynantia Rachmijati ◽  
Sri Supiah Cahyati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Content ◽  
And Gender

Gender roles are an important part of culture. How the genders are portrayed in the literature contributes to the image young adults develops of their gender roles and the role of gender in the social order. This research entitled  “Cinderella VS Timun Mas : Exploring gender stereotypes and culture as learning materials purposes” aimed to analyze the content of both “Cinderella” and “Timun Mas” which cover: 1. Occupations and Gender Stereotypes; 2 Centrality of Female and Male Characters; 3. Culture Content ; and 4 Suitability as learning material purposes. This research is a qualitative study using content analysis. It was carried out with procedures: collecting, analyzing, and presenting data. Based on research questions it is revealed that for occupation and gender types showed that “Timun mas” has varieties of gender with 66,67% reference whereas “Cinderella” only has 50% references. For the centrality of male and female character, “Cinderella’ has more varieties in 37,5% male and 62,5% female whereas in “Timun Mas” showed 50% for both genders”. For the cultural content, in “Timun Mas” the cultural content found was 60% and in “Cinderella” was 80%. And the suitability to be used as learning materials showed that “Timun Mas” checked with 16 points whereas “Cinderella” checked with 20 points. It can be concluded that both can be used as authentic learning materials for gender references, but “Cinderella” has more varieties and cultural content compared to “Timun Mas”.

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