scholarly journals Performance of assays for testing antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in sera collected from swine farms in a region with an extreme virus heterogeneity

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uladzimir Karniychuk U ◽  
Hans Nauwynck J
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
East European ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
The North ◽  
European Subtype

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is the most economically important viral disease in the swine industry worldwide. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains are classified into two distinct genotypes, the European genotype and the North American genotype. The European PRRSV genotype has been divided into three subtypes: a pan-European subtype 1 and East European subtypes 2 and 3. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of commercial and homemade serological assays to test field sera from a geographical region with an extreme PRRSV heterogeneity. Belarus became the country of choice for sample collection because heterologous PRRSV strains of all known European subtypes circulate in this country. Sera from Belarusian swine farms were tested in immunoperoxidase monolayer assays based on pan-European subtype 1, East European subtype 3 and North American strains as antigens and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IDEXX and INGEZIM). The obtained results suggest that none of the serological tools for PRRSV diagnosis can guarantee a flawless detection of antibodies at the individual animal level. Considering heterogeneity of recently isolated European PRRSV strains the problem can be relevant in many countries.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis and antigenic characterization of a new East European subtype 3 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolate

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uladzimir U Karniychuk ◽  
Marc Geldhof ◽  
Merijn Vanhee ◽  
Jan VAN Doorsselaere ◽  
Tamara A Saveleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
East European ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
European Subtype ◽  
Subtype 3

scholarly journals Effect of the Modified Live Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) Vaccine on European and North American PRRSV Shedding in Semen from Infected Boars

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1600-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwon Han ◽  
Hwi Won Seo ◽  
Jeoung Hwa Shin ◽  
Yeonsu Oh ◽  
Ikjae Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
North American ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
The North

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to compare the effects of the modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine (Ingelvac PRRS MLV; Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, St. Joseph, MO) on European and North American PRRSV shedding in the semen of experimentally infected boars. The boars were randomly divided into six groups. Vaccinated boars shed the North American PRRSV at the rate of 100.1to 101.0viral genome copies per ml and 3.63 to 101.150% tissue culture infective doses (TCID50)/ml, respectively, in semen, whereas nonvaccinated boars shed the North American PRRSV at the rate of 100.2to 104.7viral genome copies per ml and 1.14 to 103.07TCID50/ml, respectively, in semen. Vaccinated boars shed the European PRRSV at the rate of 100.1to 104.57viral genome copies per ml and 1.66 to 103.10TCID50/ml, respectively, in semen, whereas nonvaccinated boars shed the European PRRSV at the rate of 100.3to 105.14viral genome copies per ml and 1.69 to 103.17TCID50/ml, respectively, in semen. The number of genomic copies of the European PRRSV in semen samples was not significantly different between vaccinated and nonvaccinated challenged European PRRSV boars. The present study demonstrated that boar vaccination using commercial modified live PRRSV vaccine was able to decrease subsequent shedding of North American PRRSV in semen after challenge but was unable to decrease shedding of European PRRSV in semen after challenge.

Identification of immunodominant T-cell epitopes present in glycoprotein 5 of the North American genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Vaccine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 4747-4753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Vashisht ◽  
Tony L. Goldberg ◽  
Robert J. Husmann ◽  
William Schnitzlein ◽  
Federico A. Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
North American ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Genotype ◽  
Glycoprotein 5

scholarly journals Characterization of Emerging European-Like Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Isolates in the United States

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 3684-3703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Ropp ◽  
Carrie E. Mahlum Wees ◽  
Ying Fang ◽  
Eric A. Nelson ◽  
Kurt D. Rossow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
The North

ABSTRACT European-like field isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) have recently emerged in North America. The full-length genomic sequence of an index isolate characterized in 1999, strain EuroPRRSV, served as the reference strain for further studies of the evolution and epidemiology of European-like isolates (type 1) in the United States. Strain EuroPRRSV shared 90.1 to 100% amino acid identity with the prototype European strain, Lelystad, within the structural and nonstructural open reading frames (ORFs) and 95.3% overall nucleotide identity. The 5′ untranslated region and two nonstructural regions within ORF 1 were closely examined due to significant divergence from strain Lelystad. A 51-bp deletion in a region within ORF 1a, coding for nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2), was observed. Sequence analysis of the structural ORFs 2 to 7 of additional European-like isolates indicated that these isolates share 93% nucleotide identity with one another and 95 to 96% identity with the Lelystad strain but only 70% identity with the North American reference strain VR-2332. Phylogenetic analysis with published PRRSV ORF 3, 5, and 7 nucleotide sequences indicated that these newly emerging isolates form a clade with the Lelystad and United Kingdom PRRSV isolates. Detailed analysis of four of these isolates with a panel of 60 monoclonal antibodies directed against the structural proteins confirmed a recognition pattern that was more consistent with strain Lelystad than with other North American isolates.

scholarly journals Effects of North American Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)-Based Modified Live Vaccines on Preimmunized Sows Artificially Inseminated with European PRRSV-Spiked Semen

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwon Han ◽  
Hwi Won Seo ◽  
Yeonsu Oh ◽  
Ikjae Kang ◽  
Changhoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Reproductive Failure ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The North ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to determine if the European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can be transmitted via spiked semen to preimmunized sows and induce reproductive failure. Sows were immunized with the North American PRRSV-based modified live vaccine (Ingelvac PRRS MLV; Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, St. Joseph, MO) and were artificially inseminated. The sows were randomly divided into three groups. The vaccinated (group 2) and nonvaccinated (group 3) sows developed a PRRSV viremia at 7 to 28 days postinsemination with the European PRRSV-spiked semen. The number of genomic copies of the European PRRSV in serum samples was not significantly different between vaccinated and nonvaccinated sows. All negative-control sows in group 1 farrowed at the expected date. The sows in groups 2 and 3 farrowed between 103 and 110 days after the first insemination. European PRRSV RNA was detected in the lungs of 8 out of 11 live-born piglets and 46 out of 54 stillborn fetuses. In addition, PRRSV RNA was detected usingin situhybridization in other tissues from vaccinated sows that had been inseminated with European PRRSV-spiked semen (group 2). The present study has demonstrated that vaccinating sows with the North American PRRSV-based modified live vaccine does not prevent reproductive failure after insemination with European PRRSV-spiked semen.

scholarly journals Genotypic, phylogenetic and epidemiological characteristics of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains (PRRSV) in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Lê Thanh Hòa ◽  
Đỗ Thị Roan ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Khuê ◽  
Đoàn Thị Thanh Hương ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Bích Nga
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
North American ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Homology ◽  
The North ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Highly Virulent

Nucleotide sequence of ORF5 encoding the antigenic GP5 for 11 strains collected from different geographic localities in the country during 2008-2011 were obtained. These nucleotide sequences were analyzed for molecular properties (nucleotides and amino acids) to determine genotype, phylogenetic and molecular epidemiological characteristics compared with PRRSV circulating in Vietnam and worldwide. Analysis of nucleotides and deduced amino acids showed that there was very high level of nucleotide identity and amino acid homology (98 – 100%) between the Vietnamese and Chinese PRRSV strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on ORF5 nucleotide sequences revealed two large groups, one derived from the North American lineage of genotype 2, including 11 PRRSV isolates in this study and another of the European lineage of genotype 1. In the genotype 2, further subgroups were found among which there were strains of Asia (Vietnam, China, India), strains of the European/North American origin (Austria, US, Denmark) and a 2012-isolated strain from Canada, in a separate subgroup. Regarding to the epidemiological analysis, our isolates collected during 2008-2011, completely followed the endemic peaks occurred in Viet Nam, such as those in 2007-2008 and in 2010-2011. They all were determined as highly virulent strains due to high homology to the highly virulent strains of China occurred in those periods. We have some conclusions to be made that the outbreaks of highly pathogenic PRRSV in Vietnam were epidemiologically associated with the endemics occurred in China and originated from China.

scholarly journals Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Ontario, Canada 1999 to 2010: genetic diversity and restriction fragment length polymorphisms

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manreetpal Singh Brar ◽  
Mang Shi ◽  
Li Ge ◽  
Susy Carman ◽  
Michael P. Murtaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Phylogenetic Cluster ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Global Type

Classification of Ontario porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) field isolates (n = 505) from 1999 to 2010, based on a global type 2 PRRSV ORF5 phylogenetic framework, revealed genetic diversity comparable to PRRSV in the USA, with sequences assigned to five of nine lineages (1, 2, 5, 8 and 9). Importantly, the tree topology indicated a Canadian ancestry for the highly virulent MN184-related strains that first emerged in 2001 in the USA. Mapping of the RFLP patterns onto the phylogenetic tree revealed numerous examples of different RFLP patterns located within the same phylogenetic cluster. Statistical analysis showed occurrences where similar RFLP patterns masked diverse genetic distances and instances of close genetic proximity with divergent RFLP patterns. Collectively, extensive genetic diversity prevails in type 2 PRRSV in one region of the North American swine industry, and it is not described adequately by RFLP typing, which might have value in differentiating strains at the local farm level.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NADC30-Like Research in China: Molecular Characterization, Pathogenicity, and Control

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yu ◽  
Qiaoya Zhang ◽  
Zhi Cao ◽  
Yan-Dong Tang ◽  
Dasong Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
And Control

The name porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) NADC30-like was first coined in 2015. It originated from the NADC30 strain that was introduced into China by importing breeding pigs and has since undergone mutations or recombination, resulting in variant viruses. Following widespread outbreaks in China in recent years, these NADC30-like strains have presented major health challenges in swine production systems. Outcomes induced by PRRSV NADC30-like infection are highly variable, ranging from inapparent to severe, depending on the recombination between NADC30 and field PRRSV strains prevalent in swine farms. Vaccines and strict biosecurity measures have been explored to fight this disease; however, current PRRSV commercially modified-live virus vaccines (MLVs) have the potential to revert to virulence and only provide limited or no cross-protection efficacy against NADC30-like strains. PRRSVs will remain an ongoing challenge to the swine industry until safe and effective vaccines or antiviral reagents are developed.

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