scholarly journals Induction Assisted Hybrid Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials AA5052 Aluminium Alloy and X12Cr13 Stainless Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Dhanesh G. Mohan ◽  
Jacek Tomków ◽  
S. Gopi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Transverse Tensile ◽  
Transverse Tensile Strength

Abstract This research aimed to study the induction in-situ heated hybrid friction stir welding (IAFSW) method to join AA5052 aluminium alloy with X12Cr13 stainless steel (SS) to enhance joint strength. The potency of this method on the mechanical properties and microstructural characterizations were also investigated. The results show that the transverse tensile strength gained was 94% of the AA5052 base metal that is 229.5 MPa. This superior strength was achieved due to the annealing that happened to the AA 5052 region and elevated plastic flow in the weld zone by the in-situ induction heating, which resulted in the elongation of the weld region. The microstructure characterization indicates that a refined grain structure was gained in the nugget zone without defects.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Dry and Cryogenic Friction Stir Welding of AA7075 Aluminium Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
A. Praveen Raj Navukkarasan ◽  
K. Shanmuga Sundaram ◽  
C. Chandrasekhara Sastry ◽  
M. A. Muthu Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Temperature Differential ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Aa 7075

An attempt has been made to investigate dry and cryogenic friction stir welding of AA 7075 aluminium alloy, which is predominantly availed in aerospace and defence component industries. These industries avail friction stir welding for joining two nonferrous materials, and minimal deviations and maximum strength are the preliminary and long time goal. A cryogenic friction stir welding setup was developed to conduct the joining of two aluminium alloy pipes. An increase of 0.76–42.93% and 3.79–31.24% in microhardness and tensile strength, respectively, is ascertained in cryogenic friction stir welding in correlation to dry friction stir welding of aluminium alloys. TOPSIS evaluation for the experimental run indicated tool profile stepped type, pipe rotation speed of 1000 rpm, welding speed of 50 mm/min, and axial force of 8 kN as close to unity ideal solution for dry and cryogenic friction stir welding of AA 7075 aluminium alloys. The friction stir-welded component under the cryogenic environment showcased drop in temperature, curtailed surface roughness, and fine grain structure owing to reduction in temperature differential occurring at the weld zone. A curtailment of 50.84% is ascertained in the roughness value for cryogenic friction stir welding in correlation to dry friction stir welding of AA 7075 alloy. A decrement of 21.68% is observed in the grain size in the cryogenic condition with correlation to the dry FSW process, indicating a drop in the coarse structure. With the curtailment of grain size and drop in temperature differential, compressive residual factor and corrosion resistance attenuated by 40.14% and 67.17% in the cryogenic FSW process in correlation to the dry FSW process, respectively.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of position of welding materials on the FSW seams properties for three dissimilar aluminium alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bosneag ◽  
Marius Adrian Constantin ◽  
Eduard Niţu ◽  
Monica Iordache
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Joints ◽  
Welding Materials

Friction Stir Welding, abbreviated FSW is a new and innovative welding process. This welding process is increasingly required, more than traditional arc welding, in industrial environment such us: aeronautics, shipbuilding, aerospace, automotive, railways, general fabrication, nuclear, military, robotics and computers. FSW, more than traditional arc welding, have a lot of advantages, such us the following: it uses a non-consumable tool, realise the welding process without melting the workpiece material, can be realised in all positions (no weld pool), results of good mechanical properties, can use dissimilar materials and have a low environmental impact. This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of friction stir welding joints to three dissimilar aluminium alloy AA2024, AA6061 and AA7075. For experimenting the value of the input process parameters, the rotation speed and advancing speed were kept the same and the position of plates was variable. The exit date recorded in the time of process and after this, will be compared between them and the influence of position of plate will be identified on the welding seams properties and the best position of plates for this process parameters and materials.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Taheri ◽  
Margaret Kilpatrick ◽  
Matthew Norvalls ◽  
Warren J. Harper ◽  
Lucas W. Koester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Properties ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Nondestructive Testing Methods

Friction stir welding is a method of materials processing that enables the joining of similar and dissimilar materials. The process, as originally designed by The Welding Institute (TWI), provides a unique approach to manufacturing—where materials can be joined in many designs and still retain mechanical properties that are similar to, or greater than, other forms of welding. This process is not free of defects that can alter, limit, and occasionally render the resulting weld unusable. Most common amongst these defects are kissing bonds, wormholes and cracks that are often hidden from visual inspection. To identify these defects, various nondestructive testing methods are being used. This paper presents background to the process of friction stir welding and identifies major process parameters that affect the weld properties, the origin, and types of defects that can occur, and potential nondestructive methods for ex-situ detection and in-situ identification of these potential defects, which can then allow for corrective action to be taken.

Improving Friction Stir Welding between Copper and 304L Stainless Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Imani ◽  
M.K. Besharati Givi ◽  
Michel Guillot
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
304L Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Direction ◽  
Fsw Experiments

As a solid-state welding technology, friction stir welding (FSW) can join dissimilar materials with good mechanical properties. In this paper, friction stir welding between 304L stainless steel and commercially pure copper plates with thicknesses of 3 mm was performed. A number of FSW experiments were carried out to obtain the optimum mechanical properties by adjusting the rotational speed to 1000 rpm and welding speed in the range of 14-112 mm/min and with an adjustable offset of the pin location with respect to the butt line. Microstructural analyses have been done to check the weld quality. Cross-sectioning of the welds for metallographic analysis in planes perpendicular to the welding direction and parallel to the weld crown was also performed. The mechanical properties of the welds were determined using a combination of conventional microhardness and tensile testing. From this investigation it is found that the offset of the pin is an essential factor in producing defect free welds in friction stir welding of copper and steel.

Influence of Heat Treatment on Properties of 2219AA-T6 FSW Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 590 ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Hong Luo ◽  
Wei Ping Peng ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Fei Bo Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Alloy Plate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Transverse Tensile ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Plate ◽  
Transverse Tensile Strength ◽  
Short Time

The joint of 2219-T6 aluminum alloy plate was obtained by friction stir welding, and the microstructures and mechanical properties of the joint were investigated. The causes of the weakened joint strength in friction stir welding were analyzed and summarized correspondingly. The tensile properties show that the transverse tensile strength of the joint can reach about 70% of the base metal. Through the heat treatment of recrystallization with high temperature and at short time, the joint can restore the ductility and eliminate the softening, which will improve the performance in mechanical intensity of the joint.

On the formation of grain structure during friction stir welding of duplex stainless steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 527 (24-25) ◽  
pp. 6484-6488 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Saeid ◽  
A. Abdollah-zadeh ◽  
T. Shibayanagi ◽  
K. Ikeuchi ◽  
H. Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Friction Stir

scholarly journals Friction Stir Welding and Preliminary Characterization of Irradiated 304 Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Maxim Gussev ◽  
Zhili Feng ◽  
Brian Gibson ◽  
Roger Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Friction Stir

Abstract The mitigation of helium induced cracking in the heat affected zone (HAZ), a transition metallurgical zone between the weld zone and base metal, during repair welding is a great challenge in nuclear industry. Successful traditional fusion welding repairs are limited to metals with a maximum of a couple of atomic parts per million (appm) helium, and structural materials helium levels in operating nuclear power plants are generally exceed a couple of appm after years of operations. Therefore, fusion welding is very limited in nuclear power plants structural materials repairing. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining technology that reduces the drivers (temperature and tensile residual stress) for helium-induced cracking. This paper will detail initial procedural development of FSW weld trials on irradiated 304L stainless steel (304L SS) coupons utilizing a unique welding facility located at one of Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s hot cell facilities. The successful early results of FSW of an irradiated 304L SS coupon containing high helium are discussed. Helium induced cracking was not observed by scanning electron microscopy in the friction stir weld zone and the metallurgical zones between the weld zone and base metal, i.e. thermal mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) and HAZ. Characterization of the weld, TMAZ and HAZ regions are detailed in this paper.

scholarly journals Effect of Tool Rotational Speeds on Friction Stir Welded AA6082-T6 Aluminium Alloy Joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Equiaxed Grain

In the current work, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of tool rotational speed on microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA6082-T6 aluminium alloy. Four different tool rotational speeds such as 500, 700, 900 and 1100 rpm were used to produce the joints while keeping the other process parameters constant. The tool used to fabricate the welded samples was tungsten carbide with straight cylindrical pin profile. The microstructural properties were examined using an optical and scanning electron microscope and found that the 700 rpm produced joint showed equiaxed grain structure with 14.3 µm average grain size. The mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, impact strength and microhardness were evaluated and found the highest tensile strength of 265 MPa, impact energy of 10 J and micro hardness of 76 HV in the weld zone for the sample prepared with 700 rpm tool rotational speed. The fractographic studies were also carried out to study the mode of failure.

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