scholarly journals A Study of Local Anaesthetics. Part 202. Determination of the Critical Micellar Concentration of Carbisocainium Chloride in Water Using Spectral Methods and the Probe Pyrene

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gališinová ◽  
F. Andriamainty ◽  
I. Malík ◽  
J. Čižmárik ◽  
J. Karlovská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Methods ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Local Anaesthetics ◽  
Critical Micellar Concentration ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
Micellization Process ◽  
Second Procedure

The micellization process of the local anaesthetic carbisocainium chloride in water was investigated by two spectral methods using the probe pyrene. First, the absorption spectroscopy in UV/VIS region was based on studying changes in characteristic absorption spectrum of pyrene in presence of surfactant. The resultant plot of the sum of absorbances for all the major pyrene peaks as a function of the total surfactant concentration shows, around the critical micellar concentration, a typical sigmoidal increase. The fluorescence emission spectroscopy in UV/VIS region of spectrum by the probe pyrene, second procedure, was applied for determination of the cmc from the measurements of the pyrene I1 /I3 ratio as a function of the surfactant concentration. The pyrene ratio data were fitted by the Boltzmann-type sigmoid of decreasing character.

scholarly journals A Surfactant Concentration Model for the Systematic Determination of the Critical Micellar Concentration and the Transition Width

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5339
Author(s):  
Wajih Al-Soufi ◽  
Mercedes Novo
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Critical Micellar Concentration ◽  
Transition Width ◽  
Amyloid Peptides ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Modular Concept ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Systematic Determination

The critical micellar concentration (cmc) is a fundamental property of surfactant solutions. Many proposed methods for the definition and determination of the cmc from property-concentration plots yield values, which depend on the studied property, on the specific technique used for its analysis and in many cases on the subjective choice of the chosen type of plot and concentration interval. In this focus review, we revise the application of a surfactant concentration model we proposed earlier that defines the cmc directly based on the surfactant concentration. Known equations for the concentration-dependence of different surfactant properties can then be combined with this concentration model and fitted to experimental data. This modular concept makes it possible to determine the cmc and the transition width in a systematic and unambiguous way. We revise its use in the literature in different contexts: the determination of the cmc of surfactants and their mixtures from different properties (electrical conductivity, NMR chemical shift, self-diffusion, surface tension, UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence intensity and fluorescence correlation). We also revise the dependence of the width of the transition region on composition, detailed studies of the properties of fluorescent probes and the aggregation of non-surfactant systems, namely amyloid peptides.

Mercury-204 Determination by Emission Spectroscopy

1965 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Isotope Shift ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrodeless Discharge ◽  
Discharge Lamp ◽  
Isotope Concentration ◽  
Single Determination ◽  
Time Required

The determination of mercury-204 was made by using the isotope shift of the 3984 A mercury line excited by electrodeless discharge. Densitometric traces were made from film recordings of the 3984 A line and the areas under the component peaks were determined. Ratios of each of these areas to the sum of the areas from all the line components are plotted against the isotope concentration to produce a working curve. The coefficient of variation for this method is approximately 11 percent The time required for a single determination (after fabrication of the discharge lamp) is about two hours.

Based on Atomic Spectrometry for the Determination of Titanium Element in Molten Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1528-1531
Author(s):  
Cui Hong Ma ◽  
Wei Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Molten Steel ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Atomic Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Important Significance

Atomic emission spectrometry with high accuracy, short lag time, and low detection limit, it has been widely applied in various fields. The application of atomic emission spectrometry in the converter steelmaking process has an important significance to improve the smelting of speed and steel quality. This article describes the principle of atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) analysis. Spectra obtained by the experimental for qualitative analysis, detected molten steel containing titanium element.

ANALYSIS OF SOLDERS ON TIN AND LEAD BASES BY X-RAY FLOORESCENT SPECTROSCOPY

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
A.V. Alekseev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Orlov ◽  
P.S. Petrov ◽  
A.V. Slavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resolution Mass

The determination of the elements Cu, Ni, Sb, Bi, Pb, Zn and Fe in the tin-based solder VPr35, as well as the elements Sn, Ni, Sb, Bi and In in the lead-based VPr40 solder by the method of х-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has been carried out. The calibration dependences are corrected taking into account the superposition of signals from interfering elements on the analytical signal and changes in intensity caused by inter-element influences in the matrix. The analysis was carried out by the method of fundamental parameters without using standard samples. The correctness of the results obtained was confirmed by their comparative analysis by atomic emission spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry with a glow discharge.

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