scholarly journals Shedding course of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus in calves vaccinated intranasally

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Socha ◽  
Jerzy Rola ◽  
Dariusz Bednarek ◽  
Renata Urban-Chmiel ◽  
Jan F. Żmudziński
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bovine Parainfluenza Virus

Abstract Shedding time of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV3) in calves vaccinated intranasally with modified live Rispoval RS-PI3 vaccine was determined. Blood and nasal swabs were collected on selected days before and after vaccination. Antibodies against BRSV and BPIV3 were tested by Respiratory ELISA Pentakit and the viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR. Twenty eight days after administration of the vaccine, a marked increase of specific antibody titres to BRSV and BPIV3 was detected in vaccinated calves. All animals were RT-PCR positive both for BRSV and BPIV3. Both viruses were excreted with nasal discharges within 8 d after vaccination but the course of shedding in individual calves was variable.

scholarly journals Identification and molecular characterisation of bovine parainfluenza virus-3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus - first report from Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ozkan Timurkan ◽  
Hakan Aydin ◽  
Ahmet Sait
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bovine Parainfluenza Virus

AbstractIntroduction:Bovine parainfluenza virus-3 (BPIV3) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) are the cause of respiratory disease in cattle worldwide. With other pathogens, they cause bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in ruminants. The aim of the study was the detection and molecular characterisation of BPIV3 and BRSV from nasal swabs and lung samples of cows in and around the Erzurum region of eastern Turkey.Material and Methods:In total, 155 samples were collected. Of animals used in the study 92 were males and 63 females. The age of the animals was between 9 months and 5 years, mean 1.4 years. Most males were in the fattening period and being raised in open sheds; females were in the lactating period and kept in free stall barns. All samples were tested for the presence of viral genes using RT-PCR. Gene-specific primers in a molecular method (RT-PCR) identified BRSV (fusion gene) and BPIV3 (matrix gene) strains at the genus level.Results:RNA from BRSV and BPIV3 was detected in two (1.29%) and three (1.93%) samples, respectively, one of each of which was sequenced and the sequences were aligned with reference virus strains. Phylogenetic analyses clustered the strains in genotype C/BPIV3 and subgroup III/BRSV.Conclusion:The results indicate that BRSV and BPIV3 contribute to bovine respiratory disease cases in Turkey. This is the first report on their detection and molecular characterisation in ruminants in Turkey.

Use of rapid human respiratory syncytial virus strip tests for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimentally vaccinated calves

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Socha ◽  
J. Rola
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antigen Elisa ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Reference Strains

AbstractThree different rapid strip tests: TRU RSV, BinaxNOW RSV and RSV Respi-strip were compared with RT-PCR and ELISA BRSV Ag for the ability to detect bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) in nasal swabs collected from calves experimentally vaccinated with live vaccine Rispoval RS-PI3. The reference strains of BRSV (375 and A51908) were detected by ELISA BRSV Ag whereas the strains of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) were not. All rapid strip tests as well as RT-PCR reacted positively both to HRSV and BRSV reference strains and negatively to BPIV-3. The detection limit for RT-PCR was 39.1 TCID50 (strain 375 of BRSV), whereas for each of the rapid tests it was approximately 156 TCID50 and 312 TCID50 for antigen ELISA. Diagnostic sensitivity in detecting BRSV in nasal swabs for TRU RSV and RSV Respi-strip tests was 33% and 50% for BinaxNOW RSV. Diagnostic specificity of TRU RSV was 100%, whereas for both BinaxNOW and Respi-strip it was 87%. We concluded that TRU RSV could be used as a supportive rapid test for BRSV screening in nasal swabs taken directly on a farm. However, due to the small group of animals used in the experiment, the results should be regarded as preliminary and the study should be repeated on a larger number of animals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Nested Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay Based on the Nucleoprotein Gene for Diagnosis of Spontaneous and Experimental Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1858-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Valarcher ◽  
Hervé Bourhy ◽  
Jacqueline Gelfi ◽  
François Schelcher
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Nucleoprotein Gene ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Syncytial Virus

The first nested reverse transcription (RT)-PCR based on the nucleoprotein gene (n RT-PCR-N) of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) has been developed and optimized for the detection of BRSV in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells of calves. This test is characterized by a low threshold of detection (0.17 PFU/ml), which is 506 times lower than that obtained by an enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA) test (RSV TESTPACK ABBOTT). During an experimental infection of 17 immunocompetent calves less than 3 months old, BRSV RNA could be detected up to 13 days after the onset of symptoms whereas isolation in cell culture was possible only up to 5 days. Compiling results obtained by conventional techniques (serology, antigen detection, and culture isolation) for 132 field samples collected from calves with acute respiratory signs revealed that n RT-PCR-N showed the highest diagnostic sensitivity and very good specificity. This n RT-PCR-N with its long period of detection during BRSV infection thus provides a valuable tool for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes.

scholarly journals A comparison of three vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus in calves

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Stott ◽  
L. H. Thomas ◽  
G. Taylor ◽  
A. P. Collins ◽  
J. Jebbett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Bovine Strain ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Syncytial Virus

SummaryAn inactivated vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was compared with two live vaccines. The inactivated (GC) vaccine consisted of glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine nasal mucosa cells persistently infected with RSV and emulsified with oil adjuvant. The live vaccines were a modified virus (MV) derived from a bovine strain of RSV and a temperature-sensitive mutant (ts-1) derived from a human strain. The GC vaccine was inoculated subcutaneously into 12 calves and the live vaccines intramuscularly into eight calves each. Nine unvaccinated calves acted as controls. The vaccines were administered in two doses 3 weeks apart and all calves were challenged intranasally with 2 × 107p.f.u. of bovine RSV 3 weeks after the second dose.At the time of challenge calves given GC, MV and ts-1 vaccines had mean serum neutralizing antibody titres of 25, 19 and 2 respectively; mean titres of IgG1antibody by radioimmunoassay were log104·5, 1·3 and 2·6 respectively and mean zone areas by single radial haemolysis (SRH) were 107, 27 and 36 mm2respectively.Eleven of 12 calves given GC vaccine were completely protected against challenge but all control animals and those given the two live vaccines were infected. The mean peak titre of virus in nasal swabs of control calves was 3.0 log10p.f.u./ml and the mean duration of virus shedding was 6·8 days. Both these parameters were significantly reduced in animals given MV and ts-1 vaccines: mean peak titres were 2·1 and 2·4 log10p.f.u./ml and mean duration of shedding was 3·4 and 3·3 days respectively.Thus, protection correlated better with RSV antibody detected by radio-immunoassay and SRH than with neutralizing antibody. These results are discussed in relation to the possible mechanism by which protection was mediated.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion (F) Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine in Healthy Third-Trimester Pregnant Women and Their Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (11) ◽  
pp. 1802-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor M Muňoz ◽  
Geeta K Swamy ◽  
Somia P Hickman ◽  
Sapeckshita Agrawal ◽  
Pedro A Piedra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Disease

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of infant lower respiratory tract disease and hospitalization worldwide. Methods Safety and immunogenicity of RSV fusion (F) protein nanoparticle vaccine or placebo were evaluated in 50 healthy third-trimester pregnant women. Assessments included vaccine tolerability and safety in women and infants, and RSV-specific antibody measures in women before and after vaccination, at delivery and post partum. Results The vaccine was well tolerated; no meaningful differences in pregnancy or infant outcomes were observed between study groups. RSV-specific antibody levels increased significantly among vaccine recipients, including responses competitive with well-described monoclonal antibodies specific for multiple RSV neutralizing epitopes. No significant antibody increase was seen among placebo recipients, although a shallow upward trend across the RSV season was noted. Transplacental antibody transfer was 90%–120% across assays for infants of vaccinated women. Women with an interval of ≥30 days between vaccination and delivery demonstrated higher placental antibody transfer rates than women with an interval <30 days. Half-lives of RSV-specific antibodies in infants approximated 40 days. There was no evidence of severe RSV disease in infants of vaccinated mothers. Conclusions Data from this phase 2 study support a maternal immunization strategy to protect infants from RSV disease. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02247726.

scholarly journals Detection and quantitation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and quantitative competitive RT-PCR assays

2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna E. Achenbach ◽  
Christina L. Topliff ◽  
Ventzislav B. Vassilev ◽  
Ruben O. Donis ◽  
Kent M. Eskridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Syncytial Virus
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