scholarly journals Genetic diversity detection of seed-propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm from Eastern Anatolia using SSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Emine Orhan ◽  
Sadiye Peral Eyduran ◽  
Danijela Poljuha ◽  
Meleksen Akin ◽  
Tim Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Bud Breaking ◽  
Seed Propagation

AbstractContinuous seed propagation in Turkey has given rise to a great number of seedling walnut trees which represents valuable walnut genetic resources. The number of native walnut trees is estimated to be over 5 million in Turkey and they possess large phenotypic variability in yield, nut and kernel characteristics, late bud breaking, late flowering, winter hardiness and tolerance to diseases. Progress in walnut breeding requires the exploitation of genetic variation among cultivars and landraces. In this study, we used 32 local diverse walnut genotypes obtained from seeds and 2 standard cultivars (‘Sebin’ and ‘Bilecik’). This study implemented 21 previously used simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers to determine genetic diversity. The analysis revealed 135 alleles with an average of 6.43 alleles per locus. Genetic similarity ranged from 0.23 (for samples KW22 and KW29) to 0.87 (for samples KW27 and KW28). The highest number of alleles per locus was obtained from WGA276 locus (11 alleles), followed by WGA054 (9 alleles), WGA202 and WGA321 (8 alleles) while the lowest number was detected in WGA027. According to the morphological and molecular data, the genotypes differed from each other and the cvs. Sebin and Bilecik. The majority of the genotypes had higher fruit weight and some of the genotypes had higher kernel ratio than cvs. Sebin and Bilecik implying the importance of registering genotypes as cultivars. This research provides information on the genetic relationship of walnut genotypes and cultivars and emphasises the importance of protection and utilisation of seed-propagated walnut genetic resources.

Phylogenetic Relationships of Species of Hypselobarbus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): An Enigmatic Clade Endemic to Aquatic Systems of India

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3499 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
M. ARUNACHALAM ◽  
M. RAJA ◽  
M. MURALIDHARAN ◽  
RICHARD L. MAYDEN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Eleven Species

Very little is known about the diversity and systematics of the genus cypriniform genus Hypselobarbus. Currently, the genusincludes at least eleven species, all endemic to freshwater systems of Peninsular India. While these species are commonlyknown in India and are frequently used as a food source, little is known about the morphological diversity within and betweenspecies and nothing is known regarding intraspecific genetic diversity or species relationships. Herein, we examine the geneticdiversity in the genus for 11 mitochondrial genes for eleven populations representing nine of the known 11 species.Hypselobarbus is resolved as monophyletic, with the inclusion of P. carnaticus, and species relatioships are very stronglysupported. Because of the unambiguous relationships strongly supported B. carnaticus is allocated to Hypselobarbus. Thisresearch and ongoing morphological and molecular work with the genus supports the existence of additional new species inpeninsular India in need of further molecular and morphological study. Genetic diversity in the genus is high; for the twospecies wherein more than one sample, and the two of each are suspected to represent undescribed taxa, these populationsexhibited greater genetic divergence than that observed between any two of the other currently recognized species,corroborating our hypothesis based on morphological evidence. Clearly the genus warrants more thorough geographicsampling and examination of morphological and molecular data/analyses to reveal the natural lineages existing in this endemic and enigmatic genus.

Genetic diversity and relationships among Prunus cerasifera (cherry plum) clones

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniko Horvath ◽  
Hélène Christmann ◽  
Frédéric Laigret
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Prunus Cerasifera ◽  
Statistical Parsimony ◽  
Natural Forms ◽  
Cpdna Markers ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Prunus cerasifera (Ehrh.) (cherry or Myrobalan plum) is a diverse species with several recognized subspecies and natural forms. It is used as rootstock or as an ornamental tree, and is considered to be one progenitor of the garden plum ( Prunus domestica L.). This study considers the genetic relationships among different P. cerasifera clones, including horticultural cultivars. Twenty nine P. cerasifera accessions of the Prunus Genetic Resources Collection of INRA were analysed using morphological traits, maternally inherited chloroplastic DNA (cpDNA) markers, and biparentally inherited microsatellite (SSR) markers. Ploidy information was obtained by flow cytometry. Multiple factorial correspondence analysis of morphological descriptors shows important differences between some clones, but most of the samples are grouped. Fifteen haplotypes of cpDNA were identified and clustered into three groups after statistical parsimony analysis. SSR markers revealed a total of 74 alleles, with a mean value of 10.6 alleles per locus. After analysis of ploidy level, P. cerasifera subsp. caspica was shown to have a hexaploid genome. Morphological and molecular data suggest that the taxonomic classification of some subspecies and of P. cerasifera subsp. caspica may need to be revised after analysis of additional individuals.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) seedlings through SSR markers in north-western Himalayan region of Jammu

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1012
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ahmad Shah ◽  
Parshant Baksi ◽  
Amit Jasrotia ◽  
Deep JI Bhat ◽  
Rucku Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Western Himalayan Region ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
North Western

screening of 25 SSR markers, revealed 23 clear and consistent amplification profiles in the entire walnut germplasm set. A total of 54 alleles were amplified by SSR primers and the number of alleles range from 2 to 3. The PIC value ranged from 0.36 to 0.68. The dendrogram classified all genotypes into two main clusters with various degrees of subclustering. Estimated genetic dissimilarity coefficient ranged from 0.36 to 0.85. Through model-based cluster analysis all genotypes were grouped into 5 genetically distinct subpopulations. The expected heterozygosity at a given locus was found to range from 0.520 to 0.5477. Similarly, population differentiation measurements (Fst) ranged from 0.2286 to 0.2909. These findings would be helpful for decision making in future walnut breeding studies, germplasm management activities to maximize genetic diversity in walnut germplasm and may also prove useful in future for conducting association mapping in walnut for different traits.

Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Some Squash (Cucurbita Maxima L.) Germplasm Using Morphological and Molecular Markers in Erzincan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HALIL IBRAHIM OZTURK ◽  
Veysel Dönderalp ◽  
Hüseyin Bulut ◽  
Recep Korkut ◽  
Arash HOSSEINPOUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Plant genetic resources constitute the most valuable assets of countries. It is of great importance to determine the genetic variation among these resources and to use the data in breeding studies. Cucurbita maxima species in the cucurbitaceae family have high genetic diversity, but its genetic diversity at the molecular level is inadequately characterized. Methods and Results To determine the genetic diversity among genotypes of Cucurbita maxima species of squash, which is widely grown in Erzincan, 14 different squash genotypes collected were examined based on the morphological parameters and molecular characteristics. SSR (Simple sequence repeat) markers were used to determine genetic diversity at the molecular level. The analysis of morphological characterization within genotypes showed a wide variability in morphological traits of plant, flower, fruit, and leaf. Seven SSR markers yielded a total of 23 polymorphic bands, the number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 5, and the mean number of alleles was 3.286. Polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.00 (GMT-M61) to 0.202 (GMT-P25), and the mean PIC value per marker was 0.130. Cluster analysis using Nei's genetic distance determined that 14 genotypes were divided into 3 major groups. Conclusions The SSR markers used were effective in distinguish among similar winter squash or pumpkin and therefore can be beneficial for consideration of Cucurbita maxima species diversity, screening of genetic resources and their selection.

scholarly journals First characterisation of minor and neglected Vitis vinifera L. cultivars from Mount Etna

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Filippo Ferlito ◽  
Elisabetta Nicolosi ◽  
Stefano La Malfa ◽  
Antonio Cicala ◽  
Alessandra Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Eight minor and neglected cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. were characterised according to their ampelographic and agronomic traits and discriminated by molecular analysis with SSR markers. These results are the first complete ampelographic description of these minor and neglected cultivars from the Mount Etna region. The results of this study reveal high morphological diversity of ancient grapevines growing in this region. SSR markers enabled us to discriminate the cultivars and revealed the genetic divergence between them and several autochthonous cultivars. Our efforts could contribute to a better knowledge of grape biodiversity based on morphological and molecular data and could be useful for the development of a reliable germplasm conservation strategy. 

Disparity between morphology and genetics in Urtica dioica (Urticaceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Rejlová ◽  
Alžběta Böhmová ◽  
Zuzana Chumová ◽  
Šárka Hořčicová ◽  
Jiřina Josefiová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Southwest Asia ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Evolutionary Force ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evaluation

Abstract Polyploidization is generally considered a major evolutionary force that can alter the genetic diversity, morphology, physiology and ecology of plants. One striking example is the polyploid Urtica dioica complex, in which diploid taxa are often found in remote and partly relictual geographical ranges, in contrast to tetraploid individuals, which have an unknown evolutionary history and occur in a variety of synanthropic habitats. We used a set of 279 plants, evenly representing the geographical and morphological variation of U. dioica s.l. in Europe and Southwest Asia, and employed multivariate and geometric morphometrics and Hyb-Seq sequencing to estimate the extent of differentiation of diploid taxa and the ubiquitous tetraploid cytotype. Diploid subspecies form more-or-less separate clusters in morphological analyses, but our molecular evaluation did not reveal any structure. Moreover, tetraploids coalesced with diploids in both morphological and molecular analyses. This disparity between morphological and molecular data might be driven by (1) local adaptation of the diploid cytotype that is mirrored in specific phenotypes, (2) only recent genetic diversification of the group and (3) homoploid and heteroploid hybridization events.

scholarly journals Characterization of Lebanese Germplasm of Snake Melon (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. flexuosus) Using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Joe Merheb ◽  
Magdalena Pawełkowicz ◽  
Ferdinando Branca ◽  
Hanna Bolibok-Brągoszewska ◽  
Agnieszka Skarzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Improvement Programs

Snake melon (Cucumis melo subsp. melo L. var. flexuosus (L.) Naudin) is an ancient and traditional crop in the Mediterranean region. Nevertheless, there has been poor interest in assessing snake melon germplasm where its genetic resources have not been surveyed before despite their potential in adaptation to environmental changes. In this study, we assess the genetic diversity of snake melon landraces collected from different Lebanese regions at both morphological and molecular levels. Morphological characterization using a set of 18 descriptors revealed an important phenotypic variability among the landraces studied. Principle component analysis indicated that fruit hair and its consistency, fruit size, and skin color pattern were good criteria for discriminating among landraces. Based on the scatter plot diagram, landraces of snake melon formed five different groups with one being defined as typical var. flexuosus. Ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used for the molecular characterization. Fifty-six different alleles were detected, with an average of 5.6 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content of SSR markers ranged from 0.06 to 0.84 (average 0.38). Cluster analysis based on molecular markers showed high genetic diversity and divided the landraces into five distinct genetic groups, confirming thereby the morphological variability. Findings of this study indicate a significant diversity for the Lebanese snake melon germplasm that must be further conserved and considered in improvement programs of this ancient crop.

scholarly journals Implementation of a limited set of SSR markers for screening of genetic variability in Latvian and Swedish sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) genetic resources collections

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Gunārs Lācis ◽  
Isaak Rashal ◽  
Viktor Trajkovski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Ssr Loci

Implementation of a limited set of SSR markers for screening of genetic variability in Latvian and Swedish sour cherry (Prunus cerasusL.) genetic resources collectionsForty-one sour cherry (Prunus cerasusL.) accessions were evaluated using three SSR markers to characterise genetic diversity in the sour cherry genetic resource collections at the Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing (LIFG), Dobele, Latvia and the Division of Horticultural Genetics and Plant Breeding at Balsgård, Department of Crop Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU-Balsgård), Sweden, and to test the usability and reliability of a small set of SSR markers for preliminary characterisation of sour cherry germplasm collections. The SSR loci were highly polymorphic with 7-14 alleles per locus. Heterozygosity and Polymorphic Information Content values ranged from 0.750 to 1.000 and 0.748-0.899, respectively, while discrimination power per locus varied from 0.716 to 0.965. Five to thirty genotypes were found in the sour cherry collections for the three tested SSR loci. The combined discrimination power of all loci was effectively 0.994 and 0.999 for the LIFG and SLU-Balsgård collections, respectively. The SSRs used were able to uniquely identify all accessions in the analysed genetic resources collections. The genotype data allowed estimation of genetic diversity and genetic characterisation of accessions in the collections. Genetic similarity analysis showed higher genetic similarity among the Baltic and Scandinavian sour cherry varieties, than between Baltic and Eastern European varieties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document