scholarly journals Strength Profile of Hip Abductor and Adductor Muscles in Youth Elite Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Konstantina Karatrantou ◽  
Vassilis Gerodimos ◽  
Eleftheria Katsareli ◽  
Nikolaos Manouras ◽  
Panagiotis Ioakimidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Torque Values

Abstract The main objective of this study was to provide an extensive isokinetic profile of the hip joint in youth soccer players, where the literature is limited. Additionally, this study investigated the effect of age on isokinetic peak torque values of hip abductor and adductor muscles and on reciprocal muscle group torque ratios in youth soccer players at different angular velocities (30 vs. 90o/s) and muscle actions (concentric vs. eccentric). Sixty young elite male soccer players were assigned into three equal groups (n = 20): children, young adolescents and older adolescents, and performed five maximal concentric and eccentric hip-abductions and adductions at 30o/s and 90o/s. The results showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in peak torque values from childhood to adolescence, with the exception of young adolescents vs. older adolescents where no differences were observed. The reciprocal ratios were not affected by age, but improved with an increase in angular velocity with the exception of the CON/ECC ratio that was higher at 30o/s. The data presented in this study provide an extensive isokinetic profile of hip abductor and adductor muscle strength in youth soccer players to assist both coaches and sports medicine professionals in strength monitoring and training.

scholarly journals ISOKINETIC PROFILES AND REFERENCE VALUES OF PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-615
Author(s):  
Guillermo Charneco Salguero ◽  
Francisco García-Muro San José ◽  
Arturo Pérez Gosalvez ◽  
Jose Miguel Cárdenas Rebollo ◽  
Isabel Brígido Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Average Work ◽  
Torque Values

ABSTRACT Introduction: Isokinetics is a tool commonly used in professional soccer. There is ongoing debate among researchers as to the isokinetic reference values a player should have. Objectives: To determine the absolute peak torque (PT) and average work of professional soccer players in relation to their positions on the field, and to establish the reference values for these variables. Methods: Purposeful sampling was used to select 289 professional soccer players. The sample included 32 goalkeepers, 100 defenders, 98 midfielders, and 59 strikers. The participants were measured preseason. The players were asked to perform a 10-minute warm-up on an exercise bike, and then to perform 5 repetitions at low speed, 10 at medium speed, and 25 at high speed, with 30 to 40-s of rest between each set of repetitions. The contraction method was concentric-concentric in a dynamometer Isomed 2000. Results: The average age, weight, and height of the players was 21.9 years, 74.3 kilograms, and 1.8 meters, respectively. The goalkeepers presented higher PT at the 3 measured speeds, and the higher average work at 180°/s and 240°/s in relation to defenders and midfielders. The strikers presented higher average work at 240°/s in relation to midfielders, and higher PT in relation to the defenders and midfielders. Absolute values were shown and reference values were established. Conclusions: The goalkeepers and strikers were the players that showed the greatest differences in their favor in relation to the other positions. The peak torque values and average work were described in relation to the player's position on the field. This study resulted in the creation of a tool for health professionals working with professional soccer players, providing reference values for these players in relation to their position on the field that can be used as benchmarks, by health professionals, to optimize soccer players’ performance. Level of evidence II, Prospective comparative study.

Reliability of concentric and eccentric strength of hip abductor and adductor muscles in young soccer players

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis Gerodimos ◽  
Konstantina Karatrantou ◽  
Vassilis Paschalis ◽  
Andreas Zafeiridis ◽  
Eleftheria Katsareli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abductor

Reliability of Assessing Indices of Isokinetic Leg Strength in Pubertal Soccer Players

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Iga ◽  
Keith George ◽  
Adrian Lees ◽  
Thomas Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Peak Torque ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Concentric Exercise ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Eccentric Actions

Using 95% limits of agreement (LOA), this study examined the reproducibility of indices of isokinetic leg strength in pubertal soccer players. Following familiarization, 23 boys performed isokinetic assessments of the knee joint muscles at 1.08, 2.16, and 4.32 rad/s during concentric exercise and at 2.16 rad/s during eccentric actions on two separate occasions. Peak torque values were recorded and reciprocal and bilateral muscle group ratios were calculated. As random error was heteroscedastic, 95% ratio LOA were employed. Systematic bias for the various measurements ranged from 0.97 to 1.07 for all data. Random variation associated with eccentric assessments of the hamstrings, concentric H:Q ratio calculated at 1.08 rad/s, and HECC:QCON ratios appeared narrow enough to be of practical use (×/÷ 1.05 to 1.20). Random errors associated with H:Q ratios calculated at high concentric velocities (4.32 rad/s) and during eccentric exercise (×/÷ 1.10 to1.37), and in all bilateral muscle group ratios (×/÷ 1.15 to 1.43) were too broad, rendering them prone to misinterpretation.

scholarly journals Shoulder injuries in provincial male fast bowlers - predisposing factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Aginsky ◽  
L Lategan ◽  
RA Stretch
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Shoulder Flexibility ◽  
Torque Values

Objectives. To investigate the relationship between shoulder flexibility and isokinetic strength as possible factors that may predispose provincial fast bowlers to shoulder injuries. Design. Twenty-one players, 12 of whom had no history of shoulder injuries and 9 of whom had experienced a shoulder injury to the bowling arm, were assessed for shoulder strength using a Cybex Norm isokinetic dynamometer. Absolute and relative peak torque measures were obtained at isokinetic speeds of 90°/s and 180°/s, with both concentric and eccentric contractions performed. Shoulder flexibility was tested using a Leighton Flexometer in both internal and external shoulder rotation. The players were classified into a front-on (N = 7), semi front-on (N = 7) or side-on (N = 7) bowling action from video footage recorded after a bowling trial in the nets. Results. Shoulder injuries were more common in fast bowlers with a front-on action (N = 5) than the bowlers with a side-on (N = 2) or semi front-on (N = 2) action. Sixteen of the 21 fast bowlers showed low stability ratios compared with gravity corrected functional ratios, indicating an imbalance and the presence of possible dysfunction. The injured group of fast bowlers showed higher concentric weight-normalised torque values for internal rotation at the higher velocity (180°/s) (65.20 ± 10.03 vs. 45.91 ± 10.26 Nm.kg-1 p < 0.009: injured vs. uninjured), which would suggest greater instability when compared with the uninjured players. This imbalance could indicate the presence of a predisposition to impingement syndrome in the injured subjects. There was an increase in the external rotation ranges of movement for both groups, indicating a degree of hypermobility in both groups. The results indicate that the presence of possible dysfunction in the shoulder rotators, combined with a front-on bowling action and external rotation hypermobility, are possible predisposing factors for chronic shoulder injuries in cricket fast bowlers. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol.16(1) 2004: 25-28

scholarly journals Adverse Effects of Total Hip Arthroplasty on The Hip Abductor and Adductor Muscle Lengths and Moment Arms During Gait

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Hu ◽  
Nan Zheng ◽  
Wei-Chun Hsu ◽  
Jingwei Zhang ◽  
Huiwu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Moment Arms ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adductor Longus

Abstract Background: Precise evaluation the hip abductor and adductor muscles function in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients during gait could help prevent postoperative complications and optimize the rehabilitation training program. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of THA on the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of in vivo patients during gait.Methods: Ten unilateral THA patients received CT scan and dual fluoroscopic imaging for the hip kinematics during gait. The hip abductor and adductor muscle insertions were digitized on the 3D hip model for the determination of their dynamic lines of action and moment arms. Changes in the hip abductor and adductor muscle lengths and moment arms of THA patients between the implanted and non-implanted sides were quantified during gait.Results: The adductor longus, adductor brevis, and pectineus of the implanted hips had significantly (P<0.05) less elongation than that of the non-implanted side during the stance phase. The gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis moment arms of the implanted side were significantly shorter. The piriformis muscle moment arm was significantly larger. In the double support phase, the adductor magnus and adductor longus moment arms of the implanted sides were significantly decreased. Conclusions: Results suggested that the adverse effects of THA on hip stability. Development of a rehabilitation program considering the effects of THA is essential. Accurate surgical techniques may reduce the impact of THA on the peripheral muscles.

Effects of Whole-Season Training and Match-Play on Hip Adductor and Abductor Muscle Strength in Soccer Players: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110537
Author(s):  
Víctor Moreno-Pérez ◽  
Marcelo Peñaranda ◽  
Aitor Soler ◽  
Álvaro López-Samanes ◽  
Per Aagaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Abductor Muscle ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Hip Abductor ◽  
Soccer Training ◽  
Groin Injury ◽  
Abductor Strength

Background: Previous investigations have associated weakness of hip muscles with a higher likelihood of developing hip groin injury. However, no previous investigation has examined the influence of soccer training and match-play during the season on maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor muscle strength. Hypothesis: Maximal hip adductor and abductor muscle strength would increase after the preseason, maintaining relatively constant levels across the soccer season. Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 26 semiprofessional male soccer players underwent measurements of maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor muscle strength at 3 time points of the soccer season: preseason, midseason, and end-season to investigate the longitudinal effect of soccer training and competition during a complete season on maximal isometric hip adductor and abductor muscle strength in the semiprofessional Spanish soccer player. Results: Compared with preseason, hip abductor muscle strength increased in the midseason (14.2% and 17.1%, for dominant and nondominant limb, respectively; P < 0.001) and in the end-season (13.1%; P = 0.005, and 14.1%; P < 0.005). In contrast, hip adductor muscle strength remained unchanged across the season in both limbs. As a result, the adductor/abductor strength ratio in the nondominant limb was reduced at midseason and end-season time points (−14.6% and −18.4%, respectively; P < 0.001) with a corresponding tendency in the dominant limb (−9.3% and −15.0%, respectively; P > 0.05). Conclusion: While maximal hip abductor muscle strength increased throughout the season, hip adductor muscle strength remained stable across the season. This produced a substantial deficit in hip adductor/abductor strength ratio at midseason and end-season. Clinical Relevance: The progressive imbalance in adductor/abductor strength across the soccer season may be an indicator of increased risk of groin injury and may reinforce the need for preventive rehabilitation activities focused on enhancing adductor muscle strength.

scholarly journals Shoulder injuries in provincial male fast bowlers - predisposing factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Aginsky ◽  
L Lategan ◽  
RA Stretch
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Shoulder Injuries ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Shoulder Flexibility ◽  
Torque Values

Objectives. To investigate the relationship between shoulder flexibility and isokinetic strength as possible factors that may predispose provincial fast bowlers to shoulder injuries. Design. Twenty-one players, 12 of whom had no history of shoulder injuries and 9 of whom had experienced a shoulder injury to the bowling arm, were assessed for shoulder strength using a Cybex Norm isokinetic dynamometer. Absolute and relative peak torque measures were obtained at isokinetic speeds of 90°/s and 180°/s, with both concentric and eccentric contractions performed. Shoulder flexibility was tested using a Leighton Flexometer in both internal and external shoulder rotation. The players were classified into a front-on (N = 7), semi front-on (N = 7) or side-on (N = 7) bowling action from video footage recorded after a bowling trial in the nets. Results. Shoulder injuries were more common in fast bowlers with a front-on action (N = 5) than the bowlers with a side-on (N = 2) or semi front-on (N = 2) action. Sixteen of the 21 fast bowlers showed low stability ratios compared with gravity corrected functional ratios, indicating an imbalance and the presence of possible dysfunction. The injured group of fast bowlers showed higher concentric weight-normalised torque values for internal rotation at the higher velocity (180°/s) (65.20 ± 10.03 vs. 45.91 ± 10.26 Nm.kg-1 p < 0.009: injured vs. uninjured), which would suggest greater instability when compared with the uninjured players. This imbalance could indicate the presence of a predisposition to impingement syndrome in the injured subjects. There was an increase in the external rotation ranges of movement for both groups, indicating a degree of hypermobility in both groups. The results indicate that the presence of possible dysfunction in the shoulder rotators, combined with a front-on bowling action and external rotation hypermobility, are possible predisposing factors for chronic shoulder injuries in cricket fast bowlers. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol.16(1) 2004: 25-28

scholarly journals Groin Injuries in Sports Medicine

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Tyler ◽  
Holly J. Silvers ◽  
Michael B. Gerhardt ◽  
Stephen J. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Athletic Pubalgia ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
A Minor

Context: An in-season groin injury may be debilitating for the athlete. Proper diagnosis and identification of the pathology are paramount in providing appropriate intervention. Furthermore, an adductor strain that is treated improperly can become chronic and career threatening. Any one of the 6 muscles of the adductor muscle group can be involved. The degree of injury can range from a minor strain (grade 1), where minimal playing time is lost, to a severe strain (grade 3), in which there is complete loss of muscle function. Persistent groin pain and muscle imbalance may lead to athletic pubalgia. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant studies were identified through a literature search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane database from 1990 to 2009, as well as a manual review of reference lists of identified sources. Results: Ice hockey and soccer players seem particularly susceptible to adductor muscle strains. In professional ice hockey and soccer players throughout the world, approximately 10% to 11% of all injuries are groin strains. These injuries have been linked to hip muscle weakness, a previous injury to that area, preseason practice sessions, and level of experience. This injury may be prevented if these risk factors are addressed before each season. Conclusion: Despite the identification of risk factors and strengthening intervention for athletes, adductor strains continue to occur throughout sport. If groin pain persists, the possibility of athletic pubalgia needs to be explored, because of weakening or tears in the abdominal wall muscles. A diagnosis is confirmed by exclusion of other pathology.

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