scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds in Organic and Conventional Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Wholemeal

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 444-448
Author(s):  
Ingrīda Augšpole ◽  
Anda Liniņa ◽  
Ingmārs Cinkmanis ◽  
Sanita Vucāne
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Catechin Hydrate ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Abstract Winter wheat wholemeal is an important component of the human diet and may be a significant source of antioxidants. The objective of this study was to determine individual phenolic compounds in five winter wheat varieties: ‘Fredis’, ‘Edvins’, ‘94-5-N’, ‘Skagen’, and ‘SW Magnific’ wholemeal, grown according to organic and conventional agricultural practices. Ten phenolic compounds (vanilin, rutin, catechin hydrate, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, 3.4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, trans (3)-hydroxycinnamic acid, and gallic acid) were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (Schimadzu Prominence HPLC). Catechin hydrate and quercetin were the main phenolic compounds in the grain of all tested winter wheat varieties. Significant differences (p < 0.05) among the analysed winter wheat cultivars in the concentration of individual phenolic compounds were observed. Concentrations of vanillin in organic and conventional winter wheat wholemeal were significantly lower (0.28 ± 0.02 to 0.65 ± 0.04 µg·g−1 DW), although the differences in the levels of phenolic were not large. The obtained results showed a statistically significant trend (p < 0.05) towards higher levels of phenolic compounds in organic wheat wholemeal samples.

scholarly journals Forming of productivity of new soft winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) subject to phyto-virus pressure

2008 ◽  
Vol 0 (1(7)) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
В. П. Петренкова ◽  
І. М. Черняева ◽  
Т. Ю. Маркова ◽  
Н. І. Рябчун ◽  
О. О. Ісаєнко
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

176 Evaluating Dual-purpose Wheat Varieties in the Southeastern U.S

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
Micayla H West ◽  
Russell C Carrell ◽  
Sandra L Dillard
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Abstract Dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) systems increase farm sustainability by diversifying on-farm income. While these systems are common in the Southern Great Plains of the United States, they are not often utilized in the Southeast. This study aimed to evaluate pre- and post-grazing herbage mass (HM) of four winter wheat varieties managed under a dual-purpose grazing and grain production system. The winter wheat varieties evaluated were generic feed-type wheat (mixed variety, Feed), seed-type wheat (‘GA Gore’) and two forage-type varieties, ‘AGS 2024’ (AGS) and ‘Pioneer 26R41’ (Pioneer). The experiment was a completely randomized block design with n = 4. Each plot was randomly assigned either as no-grazing (CON) or grazing (GF2). Plots were grazed with cow-calf pairs that were fasted 24 h before each grazing event. Grazing was considered complete when the average stubble height was 10 cm. Herbage mass was determined using three 0.1m2-quadrats per plot and clipping to a 10 cm stubble height before (PreG) and after (PostG) each grazing event. Forage samples were then dried at 45°C for 72 h. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS Inst., Cary, NC). Differences were declared at P &lt; 0.05. Initial HM was greater for PreG than PostG (883 and 615 kg/ha, respectively; P &lt; 0.01). Prior to grazing, AGS (1204 kg/ha) was greater (P &lt; 0.02) than all other varieties. Pre-grazing, there were no differences among the other varieties (776 kg/ha; P &gt; 0.14). Post-grazing, AGS had a greater HM than Seed (788 and 391 ka/ha, respectively; P = 0.04), while all other varieties were intermediate (642 kg/ha). Herbage mass was affected by grazing frequency with CON being greater (P &lt; 0.01) than GF2 (993 and 691 kg/ha, respectively). These results indicate that both wheat variety and grazing treatment had an effect on dual-purpose wheat herbage mass.

scholarly journals Research into the influence of contrasting trophic conditions of vernalization on the allelic state of Vrn genes and development rates of Triticum aestivum L.

Biologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga O. Avksentiieva ◽  
Victoriia V. Shulik ◽  
Nataliya Yu. Taran
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Trophic Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Vrn Genes ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Allelic State ◽  
Added Water ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The influence of contrasting trophic conditions of vernalization on the allelic state of the Vrn genes and development rates of two winter wheat varieties, Mironovskaya 808 and Olvia, was investigated. Vernalization was carried out during 45 days at the temperature 4 ± 1°С under different conditions of trophic support. Whole seeds with endosperm and isolated buds, with added water and 3% solution of sucrose, were vernalized. The allelic state of the Vrn genes was identified by PCR using allele-specific primers on the sprouts at different phases of vernalization – 15, 30, and 45 days. Phenological observations were carried out by determining of the transition to the generative development of wheat plants, cultivated from the vernalized sprouts. According to the results obtained, it was established that the recessive state of the genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 was unchanged in all variants of the two winter wheat varieties on the 15th and 30th days of vernalization. After 45 days of vernalization, the recessive and dominant alleles in sprouts, vernalized under normal trophic conditions and with added 3% solution of sucrose, were detected at the Vrn-B1. All variants of wheat plants grown from vernalized sprouts under contrasting trophic conditions were transferred to the generative phase, but at different times. It could indicate an epigenetic regulation vernalization process. It was established that different trophic conditions during vernalization affected the changes of the allelic state of the Vrn-B1 gene and determined the transition to the generative development of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of the storage protein loci in the european winter common wheat varieties licensed for growing in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
T. O. Sobko ◽  
G. M. Lisova ◽  
L. V. Sirant
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hmw Glutenin ◽  
Gli 1 ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate genetic variability of storage protein loci in European common winter wheat varieties licensed for growing in Ukraine in 2018 year. Methods. SDS and APAG electrophoresis were used to identify genotypes at the high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin loci Glu-1 and gliadin loci Gli-1. Results. Genotypes at the gliadin loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1 and HMW glutenin loci Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were identified in 48 winter common wheat varieties. A total of twenty gliadin alleles (including 10 at the Gli-A1, 4 at the Gli-B1, 6 at the Gli-D1 loci) and eleven HMW-GS alleles (including 3 at the Glu-A1, 5 at the Glu-B1, 3 at the Glu-D1 loci) were revealed. Differences in frequencies of alleles at storage protein loci were established. Conclusions. The high level of allelic variation was observed at the Gli-1 and Glu-1 loci in European common winter wheat varieties. Predominant alleles were revealed: Gli-A1о, Gli-A1а, Gli-A1f, Gli-B1f, Gli-D1b, Gli-D1d, Glu-А1c, Glu-А1a, Glu-B1с, Glu-B1d, Glu-D1d, Glu-D1a. Differences in frequencies of alleles at the storage protein loci between European and Ukrainian common winter wheat varieties were found. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., winter wheat, storage protein, alleles.

scholarly journals Impact of cultivation technologies on yield and grain quality of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Nazih Y. Rebouh ◽  
Petr M. Polityko ◽  
Vladimir N. Kapranov ◽  
Viktor N. Fedorischev ◽  
Nina J. Garmasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current study is aimed at evaluating the reaction of winter wheat varieties according to cultivation technologies at a different level of intensity i.e. basic, intensive and high intensive. The cultivation technologies included fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators at different combinations and concentrations. The experiment was established in order to determine the optimum conditions of winter wheat cultivation. Three winter wheat varieties were studied: Moskovskaya 40 (V1), Nemchinovskaya 17 (V2) and Nemchinovskaya 85 (V3). Yield performances and grain quality (measured through protein and gluten content) were determined according to the tested cultivation technologies. The results showed that the cultivation technology affected grain wheat productivity and quality on all varieties studied, since the highest yields were obtained using high intensive cultivation technology for all varieties studied, Moskovskaya 40 - 9.65 t/h, Nemchinovskaya 17 - 8.58 t/h and Nemchinovskaya 85 - 9.87 t/h. However, according to the basic technology, the yield was lower by 2064 %. The tested cultivation technologies demonstrated that high intensive cultivation technology increased wheat quality. The highest protein content (18 %) was recorded in Nemchinovskaya 85 variety. The present results give real opportunities for a largescale application of the tested cultivation technologies in different agricultural lands of Russia.

scholarly journals Relationship between Physiological and Ecological Traits and Snow Mold Damage in Winter Wheat Varieties (Triticum aestivum L.).

1997 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Kuwabara ◽  
Jiro Abe ◽  
Masahisa Moriyama ◽  
Norio lriki ◽  
Midori Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

scholarly journals Genetic distance of common winter wheat varieties

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-532
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Dimitrov ◽  
Zlatina Uhr ◽  
Nikolaya Velcheva
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The study was conducted during the period 2017-2019 in the experimental field of IPGR Sadovo. Wheat is the most important agricultural crop worldwide. Bulgarian wheat production in 2019 amounts to 6.162 thousand tons - an increase of 5.7% compared to 2018, due to the relatively favorable climatic conditions in the process of crop development, which led to an increase in average yield (with 6.8%). Twenty nine common winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) with Belorusian origin and two Bulgarian varieties - Sadovo 1 and Enola were evaluated. The studied materials were sown in 2 rows with the length - 2 m, at the row spacing - 20 cm and the distance in rows - 5 cm. The standard technology adopted in IPGR for cultivation of common winter wheat was used. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic distance of common winter wheat genotypes with a view to their use in the breeding process as sources of initial material for the formation of new and highly productive wheat varieties. Biometric measurements were made on 20 plants of each genotype and the main productivity indicators were recorded. To evaluate the genetic similarity between the different varieties, cluster analysis and PC analysis were applied. Based on the cluster analysis, the studied genotypes are classified into five large cluster groups. With the most genetic closeness to each other are characterized the varieties Vasilisa and Uzlet, followed by Daria and Rostan. The greatest genetic distance is shown between the Bulgarian varieties Sadovo 1 and Enola to the varieties from Belarus. The greatest genetic difference was found between Sadovo 1 and Rassvet, followed by Enola and Rassvet. Genetically distant varieties belonging to different cluster groups can be used as sources of initial material to achieve genetic diversity in the breeding of common winter wheat.

scholarly journals The drought tolerance of winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.), which are suitable for the dissemination in Ukraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 0 (1(7)) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Л. І. Уліч ◽  
Л. П. Бочкарьова ◽  
В. М. Лисікова ◽  
О. В. Семеніхін
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties
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