scholarly journals Importance of Prandial Glucose Regulation in the Management of Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Rodica Teodora Străchinariu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Apparent Paradox

AbstractThere is a worldwide epidemic increase in the number of type 2 diabetes (T2DM)patients who frequently associate with cardiovascular disease (CVD). There are datasuggesting that glycemic control does not substantially reduce CVD risk buthyperglycemia increases the risk of CVD. This apparent paradox could be explainedby the role of post-prandial hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of cardiovascularcomplications in T2DM. There is numerous evidences, both experimental andclinical, for this association but controversies on this topic persist. The aim of thispaper was to review the current literature regarding the role of postprandial glucosein the genesis of CVD in T2DM.

Determining the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Knowledge and Related Factors Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110464
Author(s):  
Emine Karaman ◽  
Aslı Kalkım ◽  
Banu Pınar Şarer Yürekli
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Related Factors

In this study was to determine knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and to explore related factors among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who have not been diagnosed with CVD. This descriptive study was conducted with 175 adults. Data were collected individual identification form and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL) scale. A negative correlation was found between age and CARRF-KL score. A significant difference was found between educational status and CARRF-KL score. The individuals described their health status as good, managed their condition with diet and exercise, received information from nurses, adults with DM in their family and those with no DM complications had significantly higher scores in CARRF-KL. The knowledge of an individual with DM about CVD risk factors should be assessed, CVD risks should be identified at an early stage, and individuals at risk should be subjected to screening.

Assessing 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Malaysians With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Framingham Cardiovascular Versus United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-632
Author(s):  
Sheng Qian Yew ◽  
Yook Chin Chia ◽  
Michael Theodorakis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Fatal Stroke

In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Framingham cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk equations to predict the 10-year CVD risk among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Malaysia. T2DM patients (n = 660) were randomly selected, and their 10-year CVD risk was calculated using both the Framingham CVD and UKPDS risk equations. The performance of both equations was analyzed using discrimination and calibration analyses. The Framingham CVD, UKPDS coronary heart disease (CHD), UKPDS Fatal CHD, and UKPDS Stroke equations have moderate discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic [aROC] curve = 0.594-0.709). The UKPDS Fatal Stroke demonstrated a good discrimination (aROC curve = 0.841). The Framingham CVD, UKPDS Stroke, and UKPDS Fatal Stroke equations showed good calibration ( P = .129 to .710), while the UKPDS CHD and UKPDS Fatal CHD are poorly calibrated ( P = .035; P = .036). The UKPDS is a better prediction equation of the 10-year CVD risk among T2DM patients compared with the Framingham CVD equation.

scholarly journals Vascular Disease in Diabetic Women: Why Do They Miss the Female Protection?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Villela Dantas ◽  
Zuleica Bruno Fortes ◽  
Maria Helena Catelli de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Vascular Protection

Gender plays a pivotal role in the onset as well as in the progression of the cardiovascular disease with a higher morbidity and mortality being detected in men with respect to women. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) may reduce gender-related differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease by fading the vascular protective effects afforded by estrogen in females. This article will discuss the role of sex and sex hormones on the incidence and mechanisms involved in vascular dysfunction associated to T2DM, which might explain why women with T2DM lack the vascular protection.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perceptions towards Cardiovascular Disease Prevention among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Current Assessments and Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hassan Elnaem ◽  
Mahmoud E Elrggal ◽  
Nabeel Syed ◽  
Atta Abbas Naqvi ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cvd Prevention

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is scarcity of literature reviews that describes and summarises T2DM patients' knowledge and perception about CVD prevention. Objectives: To describe and summarise the assessment of knowledge and perceptions about CVD risk and preventive approaches among patients with T2DM. Methods: A scoping review methodology was adopted, and three scientific databases, Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed were searched using predefined search terms. A multistage screening process that considered relevancy, publication year (2009-2019), English language, and article type (original research) was followed. We formulated research questions focused on the assessment of levels of knowledge and perceptions of the illness relevant to CVD prevention and the identification of associated patients' characteristics. Results: A total of 16 studies were included. Patients were not confident to identify CVD risk and other clinical consequences that may occur in the prognostic pathway of T2DM. Furthermore, patients were less likely to identify all CV risk factors indicating a lack of understanding of the multi-factorial contribution of CVD risk. Patients' beliefs about medications were correlated with their level of adherence to medications for CVD prevention. Many knowledge gaps were identified, including the basic disease expectations at the time of diagnosis, identification of individuals' CVD risk factors and management aspects. Knowledge and perceptions were affected by patients' demographic characteristics, e.g., educational level, race, age, and area of residence. Conclusion: There are knowledge gaps concerning the understanding of CVD risk among patients with T2DM. The findings necessitate educational initiatives to boost CVD prevention among patients with T2DM. Furthermore, these should be individualised based on patients' characteristics and knowledge gaps, disease duration and estimated CVD risk.

scholarly journals Acetylcarnitine Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhao ◽  
Ming-Li Liu ◽  
Bing Huang ◽  
Fu-Rong Zhao ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Cvd Risk

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the association between specific short-chain acylcarnitines and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodWe retrieved 1,032 consecutive patients with T2DM who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the same tertiary care center and extracted clinical information from electronic medical records from May 2015 to August 2016. A total of 356 T2DM patients with CVD and 676 T2DM patients without CVD were recruited. Venous blood samples were collected by finger puncture after 8 h fasting and stored as dried blood spots. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis nested in binary logistic regression was used to identify possible cutoff points and obtain the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of short-chain acylcarnitines for CVD risk in T2DM. The Ryan–Holm step-down Bonferroni procedure was performed to adjust p-values. Stepwise forward selection was performed to estimate the effects of acylcarnitines on CVD risk.ResultThe levels of C2, C4, and C6 were elevated and C5-OH was decreased in T2DM patients with CVD. Notably, only elevated C2 was still associated with increased CVD inT2DM after adjusting for potential confounders in the multivariable model (OR = 1.558, 95%CI = 1.124–2.159, p = 0.008). Furthermore, the association was independent of previous adjusted demographic and clinical factors after stepwise forward selection (OR = 1.562, 95%CI = 1.132–2.154, p = 0.007).ConclusionsElevated C2 was associated with increased CVD risk in T2DM.

scholarly journals The protean role of haptoglobin and haptoglobin genotypes on vascular complications in diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1502-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinkoo Dalan ◽  
Goh Liuh Ling
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Introduction and background Haptoglobin (Hp) is considered to be an antioxidant and protective against cardiovascular complications. Polymorphisms in the Hp gene interact with diabetes mellitus to affect the risk of vascular complications. Methods We review the updated literature about the protean role of Hp and Hp genotypes spanning genomics, molecular, translational and clinical studies. We searched Pubmed, SCOPUS and Google Scholar for all articles using the keywords: haptoglobin and/or haptoglobin polymorphism and diabetes. We review the diverse Hp genotypes, phenotypes and the impact on diabetes complications, including lessons from animal models and in vitro models. We describe the clinical studies on the associations of Hp genotypes with vascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes comprehensively. We review the studies looking at vitamin E supplementation in a personalized manner in Hp2-2 diabetes individuals. Results and conclusion Hp genotypes have evolved as a result of deletions in the traditional Hp genes. The Hp genotypes have been associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus but the association in type 2 diabetes is more consistent with cardiovascular complications. A preferential benefit of vitamin E and other antioxidants in the Hp2-2 genotype for cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes has been seen presumably secondary to interaction with high-density lipoprotein function. Hence, the Hp genotype can be used to personalize antioxidant therapeutics in diabetes patients. These results need to be corroborated in large, global, pragmatic, prospective, cardiovascular outcome trials in type 2 diabetes patients.

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