scholarly journals Occurence of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in southern Poland

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Borecka ◽  
J. Gawor ◽  
M. Malczewska ◽  
A. Malczewski
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Regular Screening ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

AbstractThe prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in 214 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the southern part of Poland (Małopolskie voivodship) was evaluated post mortem in 2005. Infected foxes were found in 8 districts within 17 examined, with the prevalence from 10.0 % to 63.9 % (a mean 20.1 % in the whole study area). The highest prevalence (41.2 % and 63.9 %) was revealed in two districts, in the south and the east of the province, respectively. The high prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes in the region previously recognised as that of low parasite endemicity provides evidence for the need of regular screening of the current epidemiological situation in foxes as well as the monitoring of humans from risk groups for early recognition of possible AE cases.

Reduced egg production of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected and re-infected red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

2008 ◽  
Vol 155 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi ◽  
Christian M.O. Kapel ◽  
Pia Webster ◽  
Peter Deplazes
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Red Foxes

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Gene Flow in Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Scandinavia: Implications for the Potential Future Spread of Echinococcus multilocularis Tapeworm

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5289
Author(s):  
Mari Hagenlund ◽  
Arne Linløkken ◽  
Kjartan Østbye ◽  
Zea Walton ◽  
Morten Odden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
High Level

Knowledge about the dispersal and gene flow patterns in wild animals are important for our understanding of population ecology and the connectedness of populations. It is also important for management relating to disease control and the transmission of new and emerging diseases. Our study aimed to evaluate the genetic structuring among comparative samples of red foxes in a small part of Scandinavia and to estimate the gene flow and potential directionality in the movements of foxes using an optimized set of microsatellite markers. We compared genetic samples of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from two areas in Sweden and two areas in Norway, including red fox samples from areas where the occurrence of the cyclophyllic tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis has been documented, and areas without known occurrence of the parasite. Our results show a high level of gene flow over considerable distances and substantiates migration from areas affected with E. multilocularis into Norway where the parasite is not yet detected. The results allow us to better understand the gene flow and directionality in the movement patterns of red foxes, which is important for wildlife management authorities regarding the spread of E. multilocularis.

Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda, Taeniidae) in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Western Ukraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Kharchenko ◽  
Vadim Kornyushin ◽  
Erika Varodi ◽  
Oleksandr Malega
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
First Time

AbstractEchinococcus multilocularis was found for the first time in red foxes in the L’vivska and Volynska regions (Western Ukraine). Prevalence was 36% and intensity was 11–731 parasites. The material was identified as E. multilocularis on morphological characters. It is presumed that this infection of foxes with E. multilocularis occurred locally and, probably, can be considered as a consequence of the expansion of the range of the parasite.

Infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) with Echinococcus multilocularis during the years 2001–2004 in Poland

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Malczewski ◽  
Jakub Gawor ◽  
Małgorzata Malczewska
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Foxes

scholarly journals Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda, Taeniidae) in Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northern Belgium

2003 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vervaeke ◽  
P. Dorny ◽  
F. Vercammen ◽  
S. Geerts ◽  
J. Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Foxes

Extraintestinal nematodes of the red foxVulpes vulpesin north-west Italy

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Magi ◽  
L. Guardone ◽  
M.C. Prati ◽  
W. Mignone ◽  
F. Macchioni
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Spirocerca Lupi ◽  
North West ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Coprological Examination ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Capillaria Boehmi ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

AbstractExtraintestinal nematodes of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) are a wide group of parasites that infect wild and domestic carnivores and occasionally humans. Nematodes in the cardiopulmonary system, stomach, urinary apparatus and muscle tissue of 165 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from north-west Italy (Liguria and Piedmont) were investigated between 2009 and 2012. Of the cardiopulmonary nematodes, a high prevalence ofAngiostrongylus vasorumandEucoleus aerophilus(syn.Capillaria aerophila) was found, 78.2% and 41.8% respectively;Crenosoma vulpis(15.8%) andFilaroidesspp. (4.8%) were also found.Spirocerca lupi(23.5%),Aonchotheca putorii(syn.Capillaria putorii) (8.6%) andPhysalopteraspp. (2.5%) were detected in the stomach andPearsonema plica(syn.Capillaria plica) (56.8%) in the bladder.Eucoleus boehmi(syn.Capillaria boehmi)was also detected in the nasal cavities of one of the two foxes examined. A coprological examination revealed eggs ofE. aerophilus,A. putorii,S. lupi,Physalopteraspp. and eggs of intestinal parasites. Filarial worms were absent in all the 165 animals examined, nor was there evidence ofTrichinellaspp. in any of the foxes. The foxes were found to host a high prevalence of many species of extraintestinal nematodes. The prevalence ofA. vasorumin foxes found in the present study is among the highest in Europe. In addition, to the best of our knowledge,E. boehmiandFilaroidesspp. have never been reported before in this host in Italy.

scholarly journals Infection of red foxes with Echinococcus multilocularis in western Switzerland

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brossard ◽  
C. Andreutti ◽  
M. Siegenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Jura Mountains ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

AbstractIn the Jura mountains, Plateau and Alps of western Switzerland important variations in the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in red foxes were observed between geographical areas from 1990 to 1995. The Jura mountains and the Plateau had higher mean prevalence levels than the Alps with 30.6, 32.4 and 18.8%, respectively. The highest rate was recorded in the Plateau in the canton of Fribourg with a prevalence of 52.3%. The prevalence of E. multilocularis infection in foxes in the alpine canton of Valais was the lowest (7.1%). Juvenile foxes were found to be more susceptible to E. multilocularis than adults. Adult foxes were less heavily infected in summer and autumn, while the prevalence in juveniles (less than 1 year old) increased between the spring and winter, when they are more than 6 months old. The retrospective data relate to the beginning of the 1990s, since when a drastic prevalence increase of E. multilocularis infection in foxes has occurred in several regions of Europe. Nevertheless, the study is a major contribution to the epidemiological situation of E. multilocularis in central Europe, in that it contains valuable information on spatial distribution and seasonal differences in different age groups of foxes.

Occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from the Carpathian regions of Slovakia and Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Reiterová ◽  
Ewa Dziemian ◽  
Martina Miterpáková ◽  
Daniela Antolová ◽  
Marta Kołodziej-Sobocińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Worm Burden ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractThe extensive distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis cestode from endemic alpine areas to the parts of Central Europe has been recorded in recent years. The first confirmed finding of E. multilocularis in Slovakia was recorded in 1999 in the area adjacent to the Polish border. At present, this serious zoonosis occurs almost across the whole territory of Slovakia. The occurrence of these tapeworms in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) at the border regions of Slovakia and Poland has been monitored. In these districts, out of 152 faecal samples examined, 36.2% were positive for the coproantigen-ELISA. With the sedimentation and counting technique the prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes was up to 38.8%. The examination of foxes from neighbouring districts revealed worm burden ranging from 1–15,000 specimens, but the majority of animals harboured medium number of tapeworms. In the Small Carpathian and Sub-Carpathian regions of Poland, out of 65 samples examined, 13.8% were coproantigen positive. Using the small intestine scraping method only 6.1% prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes was determined, mostly with a high worm burdens over 1,000 specimens. The results suggest possible transborder transmission of E. multilocularis, the causative agent of serious alveolar echinococcosis.

scholarly journals Echinococcus multilocularis is a frequent parasite of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Latvia

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bagrade ◽  
V. Šnábel ◽  
T. Romig ◽  
J. Ozoliņš ◽  
M. Hüttner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Multilocus Analysis ◽  
Genetic Form

Abstract45 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from various regions of Latvia were examined by necropsy between 2003 and 2008 for the presence and infection intensity of Echinococcus multilocularis. The overall prevalence was 35.6 %, with the intensity of infection ranging from 1 to 1438. Although a limited number of foxes were examined, the prevalence was high and infected animals were found throughout the country. Considering the increasing number of humans infected with echinococcosis in Latvia since 2002, the situation is highly suggestive of a recent emergence of E. multilocularis. DNA sequences of four fox isolates were examined by multilocus analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes (cox1, nad1, rrnS, atp6, actII). All isolates were allocated to the predominant genetic form in Europe, with partial affinity of one isolate to a genotype that had previously been reported from southern Germany.

Occurrence and diversity of arthropod-transmitted pathogens in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in western Austria, and possible vertical (transplacental) transmission ofHepatozoon canis

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADNAN HODŽIĆ ◽  
NAIKE MROWIETZ ◽  
RITA CÉZANNE ◽  
PIA BRUCKSCHWAIGER ◽  
SYLVIA PUNZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Hepatozoon Canis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Wild Canid ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Canid Species ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYRed fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the most abundant wild canid species in Austria, and it is a well-known carrier of many pathogens of medical and veterinary concern. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of protozoan, bacterial and filarial parasites transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods in a red fox population in western Austria. Blood (n= 351) and spleen (n= 506) samples from foxes were examined by PCR and sequencing and the following pathogens were identified:Babesia canis,Babesiacf.microti(syn.Theileria annae),Hepatozoon canis,Anaplasma phagocytophilum,CandidatusNeoehrlichia sp. andBartonella rochalimae. Blood was shown to be more suitable for detection ofBabesiacf.microti, whilst the spleen tissue was better for detection ofH. canisthan blood. Moreover, extremely low genetic variability ofH. canisand its relatively low prevalence rate observed in this study may suggest that the parasite has only recently been introduced in the sampled area. Furthermore, the data presented here demonstrates, for the first time, the possible vertical transmission ofH. canisfrom an infected vixen to the offspring, and this could explain the very high prevalence in areas considered free of its main tick vector(s).

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