scholarly journals Incidence of post-harvest disease and airborne fungal spores in a vegetable market

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Kakde ◽  
Hemalata Kakde
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Cladosporium Herbarum ◽  
Rotorod Sampler ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Post Harvest Disease

Incidence of post-harvest disease and airborne fungal spores in a vegetable marketThe sampling of bioaerosols has been carried out using a Rotorod sampler as well as by exposing culture plates. The screening of some common vegetables was also done for the isolation of fungi as market pathogens to study post-harvest diseases. Altogether, fifty nine fungal spore types and 78 species of 33 genera belonging to different groups were recorded respectively on the rotorod strips and on exposed Petri dishes. Many saprophytic and pathogenic fungi were found to be associated with sampled vegetables from the market. In all forty-six fungal species belonging to 26 genera were recovered from five varieties of vegetables collected from the samemarket. The most dominant forms of fungi were ofAspergillusfollowed byCladosporium, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Curvularia, Trichoderma, andRhizopus. Aspergillus niger, A.flavus, A. fumigatus, Penicillium spp.andCladosporium herbarum, found to be dominant during the period of investigation. Important mycotoxin-producing fungi such asA. flavus, A. fumigatusandFusarium moniliformewere isolated from the vegetables collected from the market.

scholarly journals FUNGI ISOLATED FROM THE EXCRETA OF WILD BIRDS IN SCREENING CENTERS IN PELOTAS, RS, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiara Furtado Mendes ◽  
Ana Paula Neuschrank Albano ◽  
Marco Antônio A. Coimbra ◽  
Gracialda Ferreira de Ferreira ◽  
Carolina Lambrecht Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Cryptococcus Laurentii ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The identification of the fungal species belonging to the healthy microflora in animals is a precondition for the recognition of pathological processes causing them. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi in the feces of wild birds collected in Screening Centers. Samples were collected from the feces of 50 cages with different species of birds. The samples were processed according to the modified method STAIB and the plates incubated at 32 °C for up to ten days with daily observation for detection of fungal growth. The isolation of the following species was observed: Malassezia pachydermatis, Candida albicans, C. famata, C. guilliermondii, C. sphaerica, C. globosa, C. catenulata, C. ciferri, C. intermedia, Cryptococcus laurentii, Trichosporon asahii, Geotrichum klebahnii, Aspergillus spp., A. niger and Penicillium spp. Knowing the character of some opportunistic fungi is important in identifying them, facilitating the adoption of preventive measures, such as proper cleaning of cages, since the accumulation of excreta may indicate a risk for both health professionals and centers for screening public health.

Prevalence of Aero-Allergenic Micro Fungi in Extra & Intramural Environments of a Saw Mill in Pondicherry City, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
B.K. Nayak ◽  
S. Suresh Kumar ◽  
Anima Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Seasonal Periodicity ◽  
Spore Mass ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Spore Load

Prevalence of airborne fungal spores with their seasonal periodicity in the extra and intramural environments of a saw mill of Pondicherry region was carried out by gravitation method from January 2011 to December 2011. Composition and concentration of fungal spores considerably varied from indoors to outdoors as well as from season to season. Indoor air harbored maximum fungal spores (61%) in comparison to outdoor air (39%). Occurrence of fungal species was predominated with more number of propagules during mid winter (December) and early rainy (July) periods in comparison to other months. Quantitatively, Cladosporium was found with the highest frequency and had four members i.e., C. cladosporioides, C. herbarum, C. resinae, C. sphaerospermum but qualitatively, Penicilli and aspegilii were isolated highest in its contribution to total CFUs. Out of the 32 isolated fungal taxa, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria alternata were the predominant aeroallergens which cause different types of respiratory/lung diseases in atopic human beings were isolated. In seasonal periodicity, winter contributed the maximum spore load (41%) followed by rainy (33%), summer was found with the least (26%) in harboring the spore mass in the indoors and outdoors. Alternaria alternata, which is accounted as a human allergen for sporosis inducer and an agent for hay fever and other pathologies, was also intermittently recorded. A few plant pathogenic fungi like Helmithosporium sp. & Fusarium spp, saprophytic, field and storage fungi were also recorded during the study period. Effect of meteorological parameters on the fungal spores in the saw mill atmosphere was significantly assessed by Pearsons correlation coefficient analysis.

Effects of fungal species, cultivation time, growth substrate, and air exposure velocity on the fluorescence properties of airborne fungal spores

Indoor Air ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saari ◽  
J. Mensah-Attipoe ◽  
T. Reponen ◽  
A. M. Veijalainen ◽  
A. Salmela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fluorescence Properties ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Cultivation Time ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of spore shapes improves identification of fungi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ordynets ◽  
Sarah Keßler ◽  
Ewald Langer
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Automated Identification ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Identification Of Fungi

Morphology of organisms is an important source of evidence for biodiversity assessment, taxonomic decisions, and understanding of evolution. Shape information about zoological and botanical objects is often treated quantitatively and in this form improves species identification. In studies of fungi, quantitative shape analysis was almost ignored. The disseminated propagules of fungi, the spores, are crucial for their taxonomy – currently in the form of linear measurements or subjectively defined shape categories. It remains unclear how much quantifying spore shape information can improve species identification. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that shape, as a richer source of information, overperforms size when performing automated identification of fungal species. We used the fungi of the genus Subulicystidium (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) as a study object. We analysed 2D spore shape data via elliptic Fourier and Principal Component analyses. With flexible discriminant analysis, we achieved a slightly higher species identification success rate for shape predictors (61.5%) than for size predictors (59.1%). However, we achieved the highest rate for a combination of both (64.7%). We conclude that quantifying fungal spore shapes is worth the effort. We provide an open access protocol which, we hope, will stimulate a broader use of quantitative shape analysis in fungal taxonomy. We also discuss the challenges of such analyses that are specific to fungal spores.

Airborne Fungal Spores at Lumber Seasoning Yards in the Lower Ottawa Valley

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Ünligil ◽  
M. S. H. Shih ◽  
J. K. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Hardwood Lumber ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Airborne fungal spores were trapped at three lumber storage locations in the lower Ottawa Valley by exposing petri dishes containing malt agar medium. The fungal colonies developing were counted and identified. Highest counts from morning exposures were obtained at Braeside in June, at Ottawa in July, and at Thurso in September. Afternoon exposures, made only in Ottawa, yielded generally higher counts than morning exposures. While dark colonies predominated at Ottawa and Braeside sites, where mainly softwood lumber was stored, hyaline and white colonies prevailed at the hardwood lumber yard at Thurso. The three most common fungi at the Ottawa and Braeside locations were Alternaria spp., Aureobasidiumpullulons, and Penicillium spp. At the Thurso site, Alternaria spp., Trichodermaviride, and Penicilliumspp. were most numerous. A Cladosporium sp., a Graphium sp., and an Alternaria sp., caused considerable staining on the surface of white birch blocks in laboratory tests.

Inventaire Des Champignons Pathogènes Post-Récolte De La Banane Dessert « Cavendish » Et Evaluation De Leur Sensibilité A l’Azoxystrobine En Côte d’Ivoire

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Kouakou Théodore Kouadio ◽  
Thérèse Atcham Agneroh ◽  
Jean Pohé ◽  
Eric-Olivier Tienebo ◽  
N'sou Isis Lucie Victoire Ohoussou
Keyword(s):  
Reference Product ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Fusarium Semitectum ◽  
Marketable Fruit

This study was aimed at drawing up an inventory of the post-harvest pathogenic fungi of banana dessert and to assess their susceptibility to Azoxystrobin. A sampling was carried out in banana fruit processing factories of the main Ivorian zones of banana production (Niéky, AboissoAyamé-Akressi and Tiassalé). The identification and frequency of isolation of the fungal species associated with the affected parts of the fruit was based on their cultural aspects, reproductive structures and percentage of contamination. The susceptibility of post-harvest fungi to different doses of Azoxystrobin 3.5, 4 and 4.5 g/hl was compared to a reference product, Bitertanol at a dose of 2 g/hl and to a check where only water is applied. Of the 13 pathogenic fungal species isolated, Botryodiplodia theobromae was the most recurrent and was identified as the main causal agent of postharvest rots. It is followed by Colletotrichum musae, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Geotrichum candidum, Fusarium semitectum and Aspergillus flavus, in which the isolation frequencies are significantly different. The results on the susceptibility of pathogenic fungi to Azoxystrobin show that the three doses of Azoxystrobin have significantly different effects from that of the reference product and the check. They reduce infection rates up to 91.67% and give a high proportion of marketable fruits, respectively. Surprisingly, the dose of the reference product gives a low rate of reduction of infections (49%) and a proportion of marketable fruit that is significantly identical to that of water treatment.

scholarly journals Annual distribution of allergenic fungal spores in atmospheric particulate matter in the eastern mediterranean; a comparative study between ergosterol and quantitative PCR analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 28689-28711 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lang-Yona ◽  
K. Dannemiller ◽  
N. Yamamoto ◽  
N. Burshtein ◽  
J. Peccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores

Abstract. Airborne fungal spores are an important fraction of atmospheric particulate matter and are major causative agents of allergenic and infectious diseases. Predicting the variability and species of allergy-causing fungal spores requires detailed and reliable methods for identification and quantification. There are diverse methods for their detection in the atmosphere and in the indoor environments; yet, it is important to optimize suitable methods for characterization of fungal spores in atmospheric samples. In this study we sampled and characterized total and specific airborne fungal spores from PM10 samples collected in Rohovot, Israel over an entire year. The total fungal spore concentrations vary throughout the year although the species variability was nearly the same. Seasonal equivalent spore concentrations analyzed by real-time quantitative-PCR-based methods were fall > winter > spring > summer. Reported concentrations based on ergosterol analysis for the same samples were and fall > spring > winter > summer. Correlation between the two analytical methods was found only for the spring season. These poor associations may be due to the per-spore ergosterol variations that arise from both varying production rates, as well as molecular degradation of ergosterol. While conversion of genome copies to spore concentration is not yet straightforward, the potential for improving this conversion and the ability of qPCR to identify groups of fungi or specific species makes this method preferable for environmental spore quantification. Identifying tools for establishing the relation between the presence of species and the actual ability to induce allergies is still needed in order to predict the effect on human health.

scholarly journals The study of the effects of airborne fungal spores in allergic and pathogenic infections in Akoko environment, Ondo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 030-042
Author(s):  
Essien Benjamin Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spore ◽  
June July

Fungal spores and hyphal fragments have been associated with out-door allergens and constitute human, animal and plant pathogens with long history of epidemiology. Airborne fungal spores of Akoko environment during the months of October 2016 to September 2017 were trapped and analyzed palynologicaly to determine the genera with allergic and pathogenic implications. Very high concentrations of these aerospora were documented. Out of 35 fungal spore type identified, the most commonly documented genera were species of Nigrospora, Endophragmiella, Ustilago, Botryodiplodia, Curvularia, Pithomyces, Corynespora and Venturia among others. The availability of these airborne fungal spore types is not only a reflection of their degree of abundance in the atmosphere, but an indication of the availability of host plants and other spore sources in the region. Statistical analysis shows that there was significant difference in the mean monthly fungal spore recorded. Multiple comparisons (using DMRT) showed that the mean fungal spores recorded in the month of October was significantly different (P<0.05) from that recorded in the month of July but not significantly different from those recorded for other months. Seasonal variation showed that the highest mean monthly fungal spore abundance were more from June - July and October - December due to higher sporulation activities by the fungi. This study would provide relevant information that could be useful in monitoring the frequency and intensity of fungal allergies and other pathogenic disease conditions of plants, animals and humans in the study environment and proffer adequate measures for safety health and environment.

scholarly journals Annual distribution of allergenic fungal spores in atmospheric particulate matter in the Eastern Mediterranean; a comparative study between ergosterol and quantitative PCR analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2681-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lang-Yona ◽  
K. Dannemiller ◽  
N. Yamamoto ◽  
N. Burshtein ◽  
J. Peccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Airborne Fungal Spores

Abstract. Airborne fungal spores are an important fraction of atmospheric particulate matter and are major causative agents of allergenic and infectious diseases. Predicting the variability and species of allergy-causing fungal spores requires detailed and reliable methods for identification and quantification. There are diverse methods for their detection in the atmosphere and in the indoor environments; yet, it is important to optimize suitable methods for characterization of fungal spores in atmospheric samples. In this study we sampled and characterized total and specific airborne fungal spores from PM10 samples collected in Rehovot, Israel over an entire year. The total fungal spore concentrations vary throughout the year although the species variability was nearly the same. Seasonal equivalent spore concentrations analyzed by real-time quantitative-PCR-based methods were fall > winter > spring > summer. Reported concentrations based on ergosterol analysis for the same samples were and fall > spring > winter > summer. Correlation between the two analytical methods was found only for the spring season. These poor associations may be due to the per-spore ergosterol variations that arise from both varying production rates, as well as molecular degradation of ergosterol. While conversion of genome copies to spore concentration is not yet straightforward, the potential for improving this conversion and the ability of qPCR to identify groups of fungi or specific species makes this method preferable for environmental spore quantification. Identifying tools for establishing the relation between the presence of species and the actual ability to induce allergies is still needed in order to predict the effect on human health.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of Aeromycoflora in vegetable market of karwan bazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Najmun Naher ◽  
Md Tajul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
AKM Wahiduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Colony Density ◽  
Aspergillus Ustus ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Fungal Colony

Aeromycoflora in relation to occurrence and prevalence, their seasonal variation and distribution of fungal spores in air was studied from October, 2010 to September, 2011. During the study a total of 31 fungal species belonging to 18 genera of fungi were isolated and identified. Total fungal colony count was 2308. The highest occurrence and prevalence of fungi was contributed by Aspergillus niger 1075 colonies, Penicillium spp. 582 colonies, Aspergillus fumigatus 167, A. flavus 112 colonies, Rhizopus sp. 121 colonies, Candida spp. 39 colonies, Chladosporium spp. 36 colonies, Syncephalestrum sp. 25 colonies, and Fusarium spp. 14 colonies. Lowest colony countwas recorded one, in Aspergillus ustus, Drechslera sp., Nigrospora sp. and Ulocladium sp. Maximum fungal pollutants were found 339 in July, 2010 at temperature 27.12°C and moisture 84.2% during the wet and rainy days and declined in January, 2011 when temperature and moisture label decreased to 20.26°C and 59.5%, respectively. Highest colony density was recorded in July, 2011, it was moderate in February and March, 2011. Lowest colony density was recorded in January and May, 2011 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i1.20211 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 1, 49-59, 2014

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