scholarly journals ИНФОРМАТИВНОСТЬ ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДЛЯ СОПОСТАВЛЕНИЯ ЭКОЛОГО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОЧВ ПРИ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОМ И ТРАДИЦИОННОМ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИИ

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Валентина Ивановна Кулагина ◽  
Люция Мансуровна Сунгатуллина ◽  
Станислав Сергеевич Рязанов ◽  
Анита Алексеевна Андреева ◽  
Рамис Марселевич Тагиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Shenzhen City ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Ranga Reddy District

Приведены результаты исследований информативности 9 микробиологических и биохимических параметров для оценки эколого-биологического состояния почв при органическом земледелии. Информативность параметров определялась по степени корреляционной зависимости с изменением антропогенной нагрузки в ряду: почвы традиционных полей –органических полей – фоновых участков. Исследования, проведенные на землях фермерского хозяйства Рыбнослободского района Республики Татарстан, позволили установить, что высокая и очень высокая корреляция с антропогенной нагрузкой проявилась для 7 параметров на дерново-подзолистых почвах хозяйства и всего для 3 – на серых лесных, средняя – для 1 параметра на дерново-подзолистых почвах и для 3 – на серых лесных. Показано, что наиболее перспективнымипараметрами для эколого-биологической оценки почв являются обилие бактерий рода Azotobacter, активность ферментов инвертазы и уреазы. Библиографические ссылки 1. Вольф В.Г. Статистическая обработка опытных данных. М.: Колос, 1966. 254 с.2. Газеев М.А., Турдалиев А.Т., Низометдинов М.Ш. Роль органических и минеральных удобрений в развитии физиологических групп микроорганизмов в системе севооборота // Современные фундаментальные и прикладные исследования. 2019. №2. С. 9‒12.3. ГОСТ 33980-2016. Продукция органического производства. Правила производства, переработки, маркировки и реализации.4. Даденко Е.В., Казеев К.Ш., Колесников С.И., Казеев К.Ш., Вальков В.Ф. Изменение ферментативной активности почвенных образцов при их хранении // Почвоведение. 2009. №12. С. 1481‒1486.5. Зинченко М.К., Федулова И.Д., Шаркевич В.В. Распространение диазотрофных микроорганизмов в агроландшафтах серой лесной почвы // Владимирский земледелец. 2017. №2. С. 11‒14.6. Игнашев, Н.Е., Рыжих Л.Ю. Влияние систем земледелия на обилие аэробной азотфиксирующей микробиоты // Российский журнал прикладной экологии. 2020. №1. С. 30‒32.7. Казеев К.Ш., Колесников С.И. Биодиагностика почв: методология и методы исследований. Ростов-на-Дону: Изд-во Южного федерального ун-та, 2012. 260 с.8. Кулагина В.И., Сунгатуллина Л.М., Рязанов С.С., Хайруллина А.М., Шагидуллин Р.Р., Рупова Э.Х. Проверка набора параметров для интегральной оценки эколого-биологического состояния почв при органическом земледелии // Ученые записки Крымского федерального университета имени В.И. Вернадского. Биология. Химия. 2021. Т. 7, № 1. С. 90‒102. doi: 10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-1-90-1029. Aruna Kumari J., Rao P.C., Padmaja G., Madhavi M. Effect of physico-chemical properties on soil enzyme urease activity in some soils of Ranga Reddy district of Telangana State, India// International journal of current microbiology and applied sciences. 2017. V. 6, №11. P. 1708‒1714. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.20610. Shi Z.J., Lu Y., Xu Z.G., Fu S.L. Enzyme activities of urban soils under different land use in the Shenzhen city, China // Plant, soil and environment. 2008. V. 54, №8. P. 341–346. https://doi.org/10.17221/415-PSE.

Enzyme Activity in Forest Gleysols

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Jarosław Lasota ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the enzymatic activity (dehydrogenase and urease) in trophically diverse Gleysols. Efforts to establish the relationship between enzymatic activity and physico-chemical properties of various subtypes of Gleysols were attempted. Dehydrogenase activity was best correlated with carbon content and acidity among the studied properties of soils. Urease activity was correlated with the reaction pf soil. Enzyme activity differentiates subtypes of Gleysols, which are characterized by a different type of soil humus. The dehydrogenase activity was higher in gleysols with peat or muck of swamp habitats. The opposite trend was found in the urease activity. The urease activity was the highest in the gleysols without organic matter. The studies showed that enzymatic activity is closely related to the type of accumulated organic matter and at the same time with species variety of plant communities..

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Analysis of Various Samples of Tomato Ketchup

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Patil Pandurang N. ◽  
Fatima H. Al Moqbali ◽  
Mizna A. Al Rabaani ◽  
Nada A. Al Ghaithi
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tomato Ketchup ◽  
Processed Products

Aim of our present study was to analyze physico-chemical properties of tomato ketchup samples available in the local market. Major part of tomato consumption comes under processed products like tomato juice, ketchup and sauce. Recent studies have indicated the potential health benefits of a diet that are rich in tomatoes. Study of various physico-chemical parameter testing of four different types of tomato ketchup samples. Study was performed in Department of Applied Sciences, Chemistry section, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman during the September 2017 – April 2018.  We have selected four different tomato ketchup samples from the local brand and tested for their various physical and chemical parameters such as, pH, conductivity, viscosity, solubility, acidity total, moisture, ash, vitamin C, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. We have used routine and simple techniques for analysis. Such as some chemical methods, Flame photometer etc.  We have found that, pH was in the range of 3.6 – 3.8, conductivity 5.38 – 8.71 MS/cm, viscosity 3.93 – 6.76 Pa s, solubility 53.35 – 61.12, titratable acidity 3.2 – 4.01 g/100 gm, (pH metric 3.6 – 4.3 g/100 gm), ash 1.62 – 2.98%, vitamin C 17.25 – 55.23 mg/100 gm, sodium 294.5 – 475.85 ppm, potassium 93.5 – 153.3 ppm, magnesium 106 – 163 ppm, calcium 67 – 117 ppm. The result found in our analysis was more or less close to each other. On the basis of result obtained during the analysis of four tomato ketchup samples Jumbo sample was good amount of vitamin C, less ash value lowest sodium content.

scholarly journals Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Metabolic Function Diversity in Soda Saline–Alkali Rice Paddy Fields of Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10095
Author(s):  
Yunke Qu ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Zhaoyang Li ◽  
Zihao Zhou ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Carbon Source Utilization ◽  
Rice Rhizosphere ◽  
Physico Chemical

Western Jilin province has the most serious area of soda salinization in Northeast China, which affects and restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. The effects of physico-chemical properties of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil on soil microbial diversity and enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase, catalase, invertase, amylase) were evaluated in typical soda saline-alkali paddy field. Community-level physiological profile (CLPP) based on Biolog-ECO plates was used to assess the functional diversity of soil microorganisms. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and pH were negative correlated with the microbial activity (AWCD), soil enzyme activities (amylase, sucrose, and catalase, except for polyphenol oxidase) in rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil (P < 0.05). The indexes of microbial diversity in rice rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil. The utilization of amino acids by rice rhizosphere microorganisms was relatively high, while non-rhizosphere soil had relatively high utilization of carboxylic acid, phenolic acid, and amine. Among the selected physico-chemical properties, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil water content (SWC) had the greatest influence on the variation of microbial diversity indexes and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil. ESP and pH showed a significant positive correlation with carbon source utilization, especially for amine (AM) and phenolic acid (PA) carbon source utilization (P < 0.05) by means of RDA, and the utilization rate of AM and PA carbon sources by rice rhizosphere and non-root soil microorganisms was P1 < P2 < P3.

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

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