scholarly journals Ensuring the economic security of the People’s Republic of China in implementing the Silk Road Economic Belt strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Gordienko ◽  
◽  
G.S. Prazdnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
The Silk Road

scholarly journals Intelligence community of the People's Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Goran Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Security System ◽  
Intelligence Community ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Policy Level ◽  
The Silk Road

In this paper, apart from reviewing the existing intelligence structure of the intelligence community of the People's Republic of China, the author critically analyzes its historical development through different epochs, and also the organization, strategic guidelines and scope of its work. The fact that intelligence and security activities in the observed country existed in 2000 BC is emphasized. Their role in the security system of the People's Republic of China, faced with modern security challenges and threats, both on the domestic and foreign policy level is pointed out. At the domestic level, the biggest security challenges are reflected in the separatist aspirations of national minorities, while at the foreign policy level, it is the international position of the People's Republic of China, as the most important challenger for the US global domination. The People's Republic of China is responding to these challenges by increasing its allocations for strengthening and modernizing the national security system, where, in addition to the armed forces, the intelligence and security services also play a major role. It is also pointed out that the study of the intelligence and security community of the People's Republic of China is important for the Republic of Serbia, because our geopolitical position is such that it "connects" the Silk Road Economic Belt and the port of Piraeus, as the most important European point of the Silk Road.

The “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the “Greater Eurasian Partnership”: comparative analysis of the concepts and history of their development

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Anna Fedorovna Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
High Degree

The object of this research is the initiatives “Silk Road Economic Belt” of the People's Republic of China and “Great Eurasian Partnership” of the Russian Federation. Subject of this research is the content and history of development of the concepts. The goal is to analyze the prerequisites for advancing the initiatives, determine their points of intersection and fundamental differences. The common feature is the presence of external factors associated with the beginning of Trans-Pacific Partnership, as well as Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, which pressed Russia and China to develop their own strategy in Eurasia. The fundamental difference is that the “Silk Road Economic Belt” does not imply the creation of any supranational governing body. The author underlines the rapid pace of implementation of the Chinese initiative and high degree of resistance to the negative factors. The conclusion is made that the practical content and scientific substantiation of the concept of “Greater Eurasian Partnership” continue to be discussed. The initiative “Silk Road Economic Belt” is not much “older”; however, in seven years of its existence became the core of the economic and foreign policy vector of the People's Republic of China. Considering the experience of its evolution, the establishment of the Greater Eurasian Partnership should start with the conduct of international conferences that discuss the target points and mechanisms of implementation of the proposed initiative. For bringing such idea to life, it is necessary to create a financial platform and attract investors. It seems reasonable to develop the strategy for the formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership around the objective towards strengthening the Eurasian Economic Union as the foundation for the future integration association.

scholarly journals Security aspect of Asean-China relations in South-East Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (28-29) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Serhii Averianov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Member States ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the the People's Republic of China (PRC) influence on the activities of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the security sector. It outlines the specifics of the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China in the region and its connection to the formation of the Southeast Asia (SA) security architecture processes. The article highlightes modern trends and tendencies of China's geostrategic positioning in the region, the pros and cons of the Chinese foreign policy concept at both regional and global levels. For many years China was seen as a threat to Southeast Asian countries due to its political ideology and active support for the uprisings in those countries. In 1967, when ASEAN was founded, China had serious doubts about the motives of this newly formed international union. Beijing was deeply concerned that the organization could have a hidden military connotation that would consolidate anti-Chinese sentiment in Southeast Asia. Formal relations between China and the Association were established in 1991. In July 1994 China became a «consultative partner» within ASEAN Regional Forum on Peace and Security. In 1996 by signing the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation of 1976 China became a full dialogue partner. The transformation of the system of international relations, as well as the global rebalance of power in the post-bipolar era have contributed to the strengthening of China`s positions in world politics. On the one hand the end of the Cold War minimized the risks of a nuclear catastrophe, but at the same time it actualized and accelerated trade and economic cooperation tendencies. In such circumstances most of ASEAN member states sought brand new approach towards China, willing to benefit from its economic upswing. For its part, China's growing dependence on energy forces it to engage in solving regional security issues more actively. Nowadays China's foreign policy is represented by the Belt and Road Initiative, formerly known as the One Belt One Road. It is a global infrastructure development strategy that includes 2 large-scale projects: the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Participating in those projects seems lucrative for most Southeast Asia countries, due to their close economic ties with China being nearly the main driver of their own economies. After all, China still remains a key trading partner among ASEAN member states. However, on the other hand, many of the political elites fear that participation in China's projects will put them in a position of dependence on Beijing. That`s why ASEAN tries to maintain the SA as a peaceful, neutral region, free from the dominance of any regional or non-regional state.

Tourism as an Instrument of Cultural De-bordering and Economic Connectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-163
Author(s):  
Francisco José Leandro
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Belt And Road

Since the retrocession of Macau to the People's Republic of China (hereafter referred to as China) in 1999, the territory has strengthened interpersonal relations related to trade and commercial engagement between China and the Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC). Moreover, the tourism industry has served as a catalyst in promoting human social capital, technology transfer, and economic security. Therefore, the main research question stands as follows: to what extent has the Macau Special Administrative Region (MSAR) of the People's Republic of China delivered a sustainable contribution to the relations between China and PSC, using the tourism industry as apparatuses of cultural and economic de-bordering? The author argues in favour of a positive correlation between the role of MSAR and the tourism industry as an instrument of economic advancement. Moreover, China's Belt and Road initiative has put forward new opportunities to MSAR, based on the concept of people-to-people (P2P) exchange and the physical integration into the Greater Bay Area (GBA).

scholarly journals Limitation of liability for maritime claims in civil law of the People's Republic of China

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Skaridov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Freight Transportation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Merchant Shipping

This article reviews the relevant issue of civil law regulation in the sphere of freight transportation. China is seeking for new safe routes for freight transportation to the European market, including sea routes, giving preference to the Northern Silk Road. The subject of this research is the comprehension of individual provisions of the Chinese legislation that are specific to both Russian and international law. The object of this research is the determination of peculiarities of the law of the sea, namely the question of limitation of liability for maritime claims in civil law of the People's Republic of China. Special attention is given to the aspect of harmonization of the norms of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China and the Merchant Shipping Code the Russian Federation in this issue. The acquired results demonstrate the shared interest of the two countries lies in the routes of the Northern Sea Road, which actualizes the problem of harmonization of legislation. The government of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China declare the need for harmonization of legal norms that regulate merchant shipping. Leaning on one of the normative fragments related to joint maritime operations along the routes of the Northern Silk Road, the author concludes that further development of cooperation and expansion of the list of bilateral issues of normative legal regulation in this sphere requires a collective plan aimed at harmonization of legislation based on the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation.

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