scholarly journals إختبار عزلات مختلفة من فطريات المايكورايزا للسيطرة على مرض العفن الابيض على الباذنجان المتسبب عن الفطر Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Author(s):  
مقداد الدراجي

نفذت التجربة في حقول كلية الزراعة جامعة تكريت قيمت فيها كفاءة عزلات من فطريات المايكورايزا في مقاومة مرض العفن الابيض السكليروشي على الباذنجان المتسبب عن الفطر Sclerotinia sclerotiorum فاختبرت خمس عزلات من هذه الفطريات هي Glomus mosseae , Glomus intaticum, ,Glomus fasciculatum Scutllospora و Gigaspore marsirita – وقد شخصت مورولوجيا في مختبرات الكلية لتقييم كفاءتها في التأثير على المرض ، نشطت عزلات المايكورايزا المختارة بتنميتها في اصص مع جذور البصل لتهيئة اللقاح الابتدائي ، اخذ هذا اللقاح المتمثل بمنطقة الجذور المصابة بالمايكورايزا والتربة المحيطة بها ونفذت التجربة في اصص داخل البيوت البلاستيكية وفق التصميم التام التعشية CRD لدراسة تاثير هذا التلقيح في تثبيط الفطر الممرض Sclerotinia sclerotiorum وتحفيز نمو نبات الباذنجان واظهرت النتائج تفوق معاملة Gigaspore marsirita اعلى نسبة اصابة بالخيوط الفطرية المايكورايزية فكانت 80% في حين لم تسجل معاملة المقارنة اي اصابة تذكر فكانت 0% اما في صفة الوزن الحاف والطري فقد تفوقت المعاملة بالعزلة Glomus mosseae فجاءت ب23.41 و 200.52 غم على التوالي وقد احتفظت معاملة Glomus mosseae في الصدارة بخفض نسبة وشدة الاصابة فكانت 21.42 و 11.7% اما في كمية الفسفور فقد بقيت المعاملة لالعزلة نفسها تتصدر ب 0.49 ملغم/ غم في حسن سجلت معاملة المقارنة 0.23 ملغم /غم وفي كمية الزنك كانت 82 ppm لمعاملة Glomus mosseae فيما بلغت معاملة المقارنة37 ppm

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-103
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Verkade ◽  
David F. Hamilton

Liriodendron tulipifera L. seedlings were grown under greenhouse conditions and inoculated with the endomycorrhizal fungi Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter) Gerdemann & Trappe or G. mosseae (Thaxter) Gerdemann & Trappe. Inoculated and non-inoculated plants were grown in highly fertile medium of perlite : sphagnum peat moss : loam soil (2:2: 1, by volume with 120 mg/l NO3, 53 mg/l P, 130 mg/l K, and 12 mg/l NH4) and were watered as needed with nutrient solution (516.6 mg/l KNO3, 367.6 mg/l NH4NO3, and 0.124 ml/1 of 75% H3PO4). Both fungal species successfully promoted plant growth under these conditions, but G. mosseae tended to be more effective at promoting growth.


1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEE REICH

Apple plants, cultivar Novole, were either uninoculated (control) or inoculated with one of the following mycorrhizal fungi: Glomus macrocarpum Tul. and Tul., Glomus intraradices Schenk and Smith, Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter sensu Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe, Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Ger. and Trappe, or Glomus epigaeum Daniels and Trappe. Groups of plants were harvested of three successive intervals. Glomus intraradices and G. epigaeum caused most rapid and highest levels of root infection, and increased P uptake compared with plants which were inoculated with the other fungi, or were uninoculated. Plants inoculated with G. intraradices and G. epigaeum had greatest dry weights.Key words: Glomus macrocarpum, Glomus intraradices, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus epigaeum, phosphorus


2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Veena Adishesha ◽  
K.M. Srinivasa Murthy

Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) play a crucial role in enhancing the growth of plant by increasing the uptake of nutrients from soil and also is known to enhance the secondary metabolites of plants. The response of VAM Glomus fasciculatum Glomus mosseae and on the growth, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of commonly known a Bacopa monnieri s Brahmi was carried out. was treated with both pure cultures individually and mixe B.monnieri d culture in (1:1) ratio along with uninoculated sample as control and gown in polyhouse condition for varying intervals. The physiological parameters, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant scavenging activities were analysed after 30, 60 and 90 days of VAM inoculation, respectively. Colonization of VAM was seen in the plant samples signifying the symbiotic association. Physiological analysis showed an increase in shoot, root and wet weight of with B. monnieri increase in time The preliminary phytochemical analysis inferred the methanol . ic leaf extracts of treated with B.monnieri Gf, Gm and Gf+Gmcontained alkaloids, avonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids and carbohydrates which increased quantitatively with time.DPPH free radical scavenging activity showed escalation in result with increase in time of treatment with showinghigher G. fasciculatum scavenging activity compared to and the mixed cultures


2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Е.В. Янченко

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r­=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.


2021 ◽  
pp. 104685
Author(s):  
Natálie Martins Alves ◽  
Rafaela Araújo Guimarães ◽  
Sarah Silva Costa Guimarães ◽  
Amanda Frausino Faria ◽  
Ítalo Augusto Férrer Melo Santos ◽  
...  

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