PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA DAN KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE

Penghindaran pajak adalah upaya yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan untuk menghemat pembayaran pajak yang dapat dilakukan secara legal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh bukti empiris tentang pengaruh manajemen laba dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia untuk periode 2014-2016. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, dengan sampel perusahaan manufaktur yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian sebanyak 69 perusahaan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan manajemen laba dan karakteristik perusahaan sebagai variabel independen dan penghindaran pajak sebagai variabel dependen. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini adalah salah satu karakteristik perusahaan, yaitu leverage berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak, sedangkan ukuran dan intensitas modal yang merupakan karakteristik perusahaan dan manajemen laba tidak mempengaruhi penghindaran pajak. Tax avoidance is an effort made by the company to save tax payments that can be done legally. The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of earnings management and firm characteristics on tax avoidance in manufacturing companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2016. The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with a sample of manufacturing companies that meet the research criteria as many as 69 sample companies using purposive sampling method. This study uses earnings management and firm characteristics as independent variables and tax avoidance as the dependent variable. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are one of the firm characteristic, that is leverage has a positive effect on tax avoidance, while the size and capital intensity which is the firm characteristic and earnings management does not affect tax avoidance.

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PROFITABILITAS, KARAKTER EKSEKUTIF, KEPEMILIKAN KELUARGA DAN TAX AVOIDANCE PERUSAHAAN

Jurnal Bisnis Terapan ◽

10.24123/jbt.v4i1.2789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 93-106

Author(s):

Putu Kepramareni ◽

Ida Ayu Nyoman Yuliastuti ◽

Ni Wayan Ari Suarningsih

Keyword(s):

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Family Ownership ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Corporate Tax ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Positive Effect

Abstrak Tax avoidance merupakan upaya yang dilakukan seseorang untuk mengurangi atau meminimalkan kewajiban pajaknya tanpa melanggar ketentuan undang-undang perpajakan yang berlaku. Wajib pajak berusaha untuk meringankan kewajiban pembayaran pajak dengan meminimalkan jumlah pajak yang harus dibayar. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi seseorang dalam melakukan tax avoidance yaitu profitabilitas, karakter eksekutif dan kepemilikan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari variabel-variabel tersebut yaitu variabel profitabilitas, karakter eksekutif dan kepemilikan keluarga terhadap variabel tax avoidance. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2014-2018. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 14 perusahaan yang diperoleh melalui metode purposive sampling dan diteliti selama 5 tahun sehingga sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 sampel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax avoidance perusahaan, sedangkan karakter eksekutif dan kepemilikan keluarga berpengaruh positif terhadap tax avoidance perusahaan. Kata kunci: profitabilitas, karakter eksekutif, kepemilikan keluarga dan tax avoidance Abstract Tax avoidance is an attempt by someone to reduce or minimize their tax obligations without violating the provisions of applicable tax laws. Taxpayers try to ease the tax payment obligations by minimizing the amount of tax that must be paid. There are several factors that can influence someone in doing tax avoidance, namely profitability, executive character and family ownership. This study aims to examine the effect of these variables, namely profitability, executive character and family ownership on tax avoidance variables. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2014-2018 period. The samples used in this study were 14 companies obtained through the purposive sampling method and studied for 5 years so that the samples in this study were 70 samples. Data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The analysis shows that profitability has no effect on corporate tax avoidance, while executive character and family ownership have a positive effect on corporate tax avoidance. Keywords: profitability, executive character, family ownership and tax avoidance

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Pengaruh Leverage dan Capital Intensity pada Tax Avoidance dengan Proporsi Komisaris Independen sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi

E-Jurnal Akuntansi ◽

10.24843/eja.2019.v27.i01.p01 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Cyntia Habibah Sinaga ◽

I Made Sadha Suardikha

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Research Population ◽

Negative Effect

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of leverage and capital intensity on tax avoidance with the proportion of independent commissioners as moderating variable. The research population is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. The method of determining the sample used was purposive sampling and obtained 200 observations. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the analysis show that leverage has a positive effect on tax avoidance. This means that the more debt the company uses to finance assets, the higher level of tax avoidance. Capital intensity has a negative effect on tax avoidance. This means that the more capital invested by the company in the form of fixed assets, the lower level of tax avoidance. The proportion of independent commissioners does not moderate the effect of leverage and capital intensity on tax avoidance. Keywords: Leverage, capital intensity, independent commissioners, tax avoidance

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Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Capital Intensity, dan Inventory Intensity pada Penghindaran Pajak

E-Jurnal Akuntansi ◽

10.24843/eja.2019.v27.i03.p24 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 2293

Author(s):

Ida Ayu Intan Dwiyanti ◽

I Ketut Jati

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Multiple Linear Regression ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Manufacturing Companies

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, capital intensity, and inventory intensity on tax avoidance. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2017 with a population of 150 companies. Determination of the sample in this research is by non probabilaty sampling method and by purposive sampling technique, so that the research sample is 63 companies. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis which shows that all independent variables in this study, namely profitability, capital intensity, and inventory intensity have a positive effect on tax avoidance. Keywords: Profitability, capital intensity, inventory intensity, tax avoidance

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PENGUNGKAPAN SOSIAL, DIVERSIFIKASI PERUSAHAAN, DAN KOMPENSASI BONUS TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BEI

Jurnal Akuntansi ◽

10.24912/ja.v20i1.76 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dwi Ermayanti

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Annual Report ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Corporate Diversification ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Purposive Sampling

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengungkapan Sosial, Diversifikasi Perusahaan dan Kompensasi Bonus baik secara bersama sama (Simultan) maupun individu (Parsial) terhadap terhadap Manajemen Laba pada perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2012-2014. Data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan dan Laporan Tahunan perusahaan dalam Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Populasi dalam peneltian ini yaitu perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2012– 2014 yaitu sebanyak 141 tiap tahunnya dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 33 perusahaan tiap tahunnya. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda guna menguji hipotesis yang ada dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 16. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua variabel bebas yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Manajemen LabaThis study aims to determine the effect of Social Disclosure, Corporate Diversification and Compensation Bonuses both together (simultaneous) or individually (Partial) against the Earnings Management in Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2014. The data in this research is secondary data obtained from the financial statements and the Annual Report of companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population in this research is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the year 2012-2014 as many as 141 each year with sampling purposive sampling and obtained a sample of 33 companies each year. Methods of data analysis used in this study were using multiple linear regression analysis to test hypotheses using SPSS version 16. The results showed that not all independent variables used in this study had a significant influence on Earnings Management.

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Apakah Sales Growth, Leverage dan Capital Intensity Mempengaruhi Tax Avoidance?

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Ekonomika ◽

10.37859/jae.v11i1.1534 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Adriyanti Agustina Putri ◽

Zul Azmi ◽

Jumadil Arsa

Keyword(s):

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Planning ◽

Sales Growth ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Financial Reports

This research is important to do to examine and analyze the effect of sales growth, leverage, and capital intensity on tax avoidance. The population in this study were manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) 2015-2019, totaling 182 companies. The sample was selected by using purposive sampling and selected 35 companies. This study uses secondary data in the form of financial reports which can be accessed through the website www.idx.co.id. The method of analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS version 23. The results of this study can prove that sales growth, leverage, and capital intensity have an effect on tax avoidance. Increased sales growth will trigger companies to avoid paying large taxes by carrying out optimal tax planning. High leverage causes the company to pay less taxes. The higher the intensity capital, the more it can reduce the company's tax burden.

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Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Tax Avoidance pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2016 -2018

AKSES: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis ◽

10.31942/akses.v14i2.3269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dyana Hapsari

Keyword(s):

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Company Size ◽

Sales Growth ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Effective Tax Rate ◽

Tax Rate ◽

Purposive Sampling

Abstract In conducting this research, the aim is to analyze and find out the causes that lead to Tax Avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. The following factors that influence Tax Avoidance include Profitability, Leverage, Company Size, Capital Intensity, Sales Growth and Constitutional Ownership. The dependent variable is Tax Avoidance which is measured using Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR). This study uses independent variables, namely research Profitability, Leverage, Company Size, Capital Intensity, Sales Growth and Constitutional Ownership. The total population of the object of observation is 144 manufacturing companies in 2016-2018. Purposive sampling method is a method used in sampling to obtain 48 samples of manufacturing companies based on predetermined criteria. By using multiple linear regression analysis techniques as a way of testing hypotheses. The following are results of studies that show that the Company's Profitability and Size have an impact on Tax Avoidance. While Leverage, Capital Intensity, Sales Progress and Constitutional Ownership do not affect Tax Avoidance. Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Profitability, Leverage, Company Size, Capital Intensity, Sales Growth, and Constitutional Ownership Abstrak Dalam melakukan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui penyebab-penyebab yang mengakibatkan terjadinya Tax Avoidance pada perusahaan manufaktur yang tercatat di BEI pada tahun 2016-2018. Faktor-faktor berikut yang mempengaruhi Tax Avoidance antara lain Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Intensitas Modal, Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Kepemilikan Konstitusional. Variabel dependen yaitu Tax Avoidance yang diukur menggunakan Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR). Penelitian ini menggunakan Variable independen yaitu penelitian Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Intensitas Modal, Pertumbuhan Penjualan dan Kepemilikan Konstitusional. Jumlah populasi objek pengamatan 144 perusahaan manufaktur pada tahun 2016-2018. Metode purposive sampling adalah cara yang dilakukan dalam pengambilan sampel hingga memperoleh 48 sampel perusahaan manufaktur berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda sebagai cara pengujian hipotesis. Berikut adalah hasil penelitian yang menampilkan bahwa Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan berakibat terhadap Tax Avoidance. Sedangkan Leverage, Intensitas Modal, Kemajuan Penjualan dan Kepemilikan Konstitusional tidak berakibat terhadap Tax Avoidance Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Intensitas Modal, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Kepemilikan Konstitusional

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The Effects of Tax Avoidance, Accrual Earnings Management, Real Earnings Management, and Capital Intensity on the Cost of Equity

Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi ◽

10.15294/jda.v10i1.12653 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 71-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Raka Adhi Prasetya ◽

Agung Yulianto

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Real Earnings Management ◽

The Cost

This study aims to analyze the influence of PROPER Rating, Industrial Type, Profitability, Leverage and Age of Company on Carbon Emission Disclosure. Measurement of carbon emissions disclosure uses Carbon Emission Disclosure Checklist (CED). The population of this study is non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013 - 2016 as many as 406 companies. The technique used in sampling is purposive sampling and selected 32 companies as sample and 126 units of analysis. The analytical tool used to test the hypothesis is descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression analysis processed through IBM SPSS 21 program. The research results show that the PROPER rating and the type of industry have positive effect on carbon emission disclosure. While profitability, leverage and age of the company have no effect on carbon emission disclosure. The conclusions of this study are the PROPER rating and the type of industry proven to influence the company’s decision making to disclose carbon emissions. While the profitability, leverage, and firm age cannot affect the company’s decision to disclose carbon emissions.

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PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA, PROPORSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, PROFITABILITAS, CAPITAL INTENSITY, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP TAX AGGRESSIVENESS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2012-2016)

Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis ◽

10.30813/jab.v11i2.1387 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Leem Sufia ◽

Ernie Riswandari

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Control Variable ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Tax Planning ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Tax Aggressiveness ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Result Show

ABSTRACT: Taxes are the main source of state revenue. The greater amount of tax revenue attainment can support the national economy. However, on the other hand, taxes are a burden that can reduce income for taxpayer. This encourage taxpayer to make every effort to reduce the tax burden from legal tax planning to illegal. Excessive tax planning will result to tax aggressiveness. This study aims to examine, analyse, and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity to tax aggressiveness. This research is also to compare the result of prior researches. The population in this research is 144 manufacturing companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2016. Sample consist of 51 manufacturing companies, selected using one of nonprobability sampling method, which is purposive sampling type. The data type is secondary data which collected from IDX website. The statistical method used in this research is multiple regression analysis. These results indicates that earnings management and profitability have a significant influence to tax aggressiveness. While the proportion of independent commissioners, capital intensity, dan liquidity have no influence toward tax aggressiveness. But, if earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity simultantly tested with the control variable which are size and leverage the result show that there is significant association with the tax aggressiveness. Keyword : Tax aggressiveness, earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, liquidity, size, leverage. ABSTRAK: Pajak merupakan sumber utama penerimaan negara. Semakin besar jumlah penerimaan pajak maka dapat mendukung perekonomian nasional. Namun, di sisi lain, pajak merupakan beban yang dapat mengurangi penghasilan bagi wajib pajak. Hal ini mendorong wajib pajak untuk melakukan segala upaya untuk menekan beban pajak mulai dari perencanaan pajak yang legal hingga ilegal. Perencanaan pajak yang berlebihan akan menimbulkan agresivitas pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji, menganalisis, dan memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas terhadap tax aggressiveness. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan hasil dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 144 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan 2016. Sampel terdiri dari 51 perusahaan manufaktur yang dipilih menggunakan salah satu metode nonprobability sampling, yaitu tipe purposive sampling. Tipe data adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari situs IDX. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tax aggressiveness. Sedangkan proporsi komisaris independen, capital intensity, dan likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Namun, jika manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas diuji secara bersama-sama dengan variabel kontrol, yaitu ukuran perusahaan dan leverage menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Kata kunci: Agresivitas pajak, manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, leverage.

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The influence factors of tax avoidance in Indonesia

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) ◽

10.20525/ijrbs.v10i5.1295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 01-10

Author(s):

Rosida Ibrahim ◽

Sutrisno T ◽

M Khoiru Rusydi

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Political Connections ◽

Family Ownership ◽

Manufacturing Companies

This study aims to analyze the effect of executive characteristics and family ownership as a stimulus factor for tax avoidance and to see the existence of a political relationship as a moderating variable in the effect of executive characteristics and family ownership on tax avoidance. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017-2019. In this study, the sample was determined based on the purposive sampling technique with the criteria that the sample company was manufacture listed on the IDX for three consecutive years from 2017-2019, published an annual report in the 2017-2019 period sequentially, did not experience delisting, was not a company the IPO in 2018-2019, did not experience any losses and did not have an ETR value of more than 1. The research sample was obtained from as many as 138 companies with 3 years of observation. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis (Multiple Regression Analysis) and Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) program. The results showed (I) executive characteristics had a significant positive effect on tax avoidance (II) family ownership had a significant negative effect on tax avoidance (III) political connections were not able to strengthen the executive's positive influence on tax avoidance (IV) political connections weakened family ownership on tax avoidance. This study can also show that the sample companies tend to comply with tax rules, they avoid sanctions and fines, and consider the risk of loss that must be faced by the company when proven to do tax avoidance.

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The Effect of CEO Tenure, Capital Intensity, and Firm Size On Tax Avoidance

Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan ◽

10.22219/jrak.v11i1.16140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Evi Khusnita Ulfa ◽

Eny Suprapti ◽

Sri Wahjuni Latifah

Keyword(s):

Firm Size ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Ceo Tenure ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Directorate General ◽

The Government

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. The sample of this study is 88 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019 were selected through purpose sampling. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that CEO tenure has a positive effect on tax avoidance. This means that the longer the CEO tenure will lead to an increase in tax avoidance. Capital intensity and firm size have no effect on tax avoidance. This research has a novelty in the form impact of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. Furthermore, the practical contribution to the government, especially the Directorate General of Taxes, is that long tenure of CEO can lead to tax avoidance. The limitation in this study is the number of samples is less representative in representing the population. This is because there are still companies listed on the IDX that not provide information according to the sample criteria.

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