scholarly journals Economic Situation in the Manufacturing Sector as an Example of Modern Research in Industrial Geography in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Wiesława Gierańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Industrial Geography ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Statistics Office

The article presents change in the object of study of the industrial geography in Poland that took place in the late twentieth century with a context in the internal and external conditions of the functioning of the industrial activities. A kind of barometer of the impact of internal and external conditions for the functioning of industrial units and the scale of regional integration in this area can be achieved by studying the economic situation also known as business tendency. In this paper the author would like to draw attention to the economic condition survey in industry conducted by the Central Statistics Office (GUS) as an example of modern research in the industrial geography in Poland.

A Window to Internal and External Change in Banking

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Bátiz-Lazo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Self Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Proper Consideration

Chapter 1 (‘A Window to Internal and External Change in Banking’) provides a wide-arch view of the themes in the book. It highlights how in spite of being deeply embedded in our culture as an object of everyday life, the interaction with ATMs is largely inconsequential for most people. This chapter also forwards a case to study the ATM to better understand the possibilities for technological change to bring about a cashless economy. Another argument put forward is that the ATM is essential to appreciate the technological and organizational challenges that gave rise to self-service banking. As a result, the case is made that business histories of the late twentieth century will be incomplete without proper consideration to the impact of computer technology on the different aspects of business organizations.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 222-234
Author(s):  
Stuart Aveyard ◽  
Paul Corthorn ◽  
Sean O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
European Consumer ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The long-term perspective taken by The Politics of Consumer Credit in the UK affords fresh evidence on a number of significant historical debates. It indicates that Britain’s departure from pathways followed in other European consumer credit markets was not simply a by-product of neo-liberalism’s influence on late-twentieth-century governments. It has also allowed us to offer important contributions on questions such as the impact of political ideologies over policymaking, the validity of a right–left framework for analysing politics, the extent to which a post-war consensus existed (and was broken after 1979), and the question of how adept British political parties were in exploiting the emergence of a more affluent electorate....

The rapid growth of Egypt’s agricultural output, 1890–1914, as an early example of the green revolutions of modern South Asia: some implications for the writing of global history

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Owen
Keyword(s):  
Green Revolution ◽  
Global History ◽  
British India ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The article uses comparative Indian material from British India and later, the Pakistani Punjab to ask new questions of the standard accounts of Egypt’s post-1890 cotton boom. It also argues for the particular relevance of the rich Punjabi green revolution data to the Egyptian case, and more generally, for the rewards to be obtained from an academic dialog between selected aspects of late nineteenth and of late twentieth century globalization. Topics analyzed include the impact of the various agricultural revolutions on social and regional inequalities, the issue of sustainability, the role of experts and the impact on health of long-term environmental degradation.

Subject, postmodern critique of

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Continental Philosophy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The critique of the subject in late twentieth-century continental philosophy is associated primarily with the work of Foucault, Derrida, Lacan and Deleuze. Driven by philosophical, political and therapeutic concerns, these thinkers question the subject’s ability to declare itself self-evidently independent of the external conditions of its own possibility, such as the language in which it expresses clear and distinct ideas, the body whose deceptions it fears, and the historical or cultural conditions in which it perceives reason or tyranny. Moreover, they fear that the ethical price of such insistence upon absolute self-possession is the exclusion and oppression of social groups whose supposed irrationality or savagery represent the self’s own rejected possibilities for change and discovery. Their work draws upon Marxist, Freudian and Nietzschean insights concerning the dependence of consciousness upon its material conditions, unconscious roots, or constituting ‘outside’. However, their use of these influences is guided by a common fidelity to Kant’s search for the ‘conditions of possibility’ underlying subjective experience, as well as his scepticism regarding our capacity to know the self and its motivations as objects ‘in themselves’.

scholarly journals Late Print Culture’s Social Media Revolution: Authorship, Collaboration and Copy Machines

Authorship ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Eichhorn
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Print Cultures ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
The Web

This article examines the impact of copy machines on late twentieth-century print cultures. Specifically, this article makes a case for “dry copying,” the method of print reproduction perfected by Xerox in the late 1950s, as a unique medium rather than a weak imitation of other printing methods. Following the claim that the widespread availability of copy machines in the late twentieth century represented the arrival of a new medium, this article further examines how understandings of authorship, established with print culture, came undone in the era of the copy machine. Finally, this paper makes a case for understanding copy machines as a form of “social media” that opened up opportunities for writers, readers and publishers to create, share, exchange and comment on texts and images in communities and networks of their own making in the decades preceding the development of the web.

The Truth Society

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle Molé Liston
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political Spectacle ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Silvio Berlusconi

This book seeks to understand how a period of Italian political spectacle, which regularly blurred fact and fiction, has shaped how people understand truth, mass-mediated information, scientific knowledge, and forms of governance. The book scrutinizes Italy's late-twentieth-century political culture, particularly the impact of the former prime minister and media mogul Silvio Berlusconi. By doing so, the book examines how this truth-bending political era made science, logic, and rationality into ideas that needed saving. With the prevalence of fake news and our seeming lack of shared reality in the “post-truth” world, many people struggle to figure out where this new normal came from. The book argues that seemingly disparate events and practices that have unfolded in Italy are historical reactions to mediatized political forms and particular, cultivated ways of knowing. Politics, then, is always sutured to how knowledge is structured, circulated, and processed. This book offers Italy as a case study for understanding the remaking of politics in an era of disinformation.

How Poetry Matters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kosick
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Visual Poetry ◽  
Concrete Poetry ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Linguistic Material

This chapter opens a discussion of how language’s vitality registers in and as material. It assesses the reception of material poetics in late twentieth century North America and compares the examples featured in this book with other investments in poetic materiality. The chapter offers a discussion of the term ‘concrete poetry’ which has lost some of the contextual specificity that historically adhered to it. This history is proved as a way of situating Brazilian concretism and as a way of distinguishing the term’s use from other names for sympathetic forms such as ‘visual poetry’. This chapter makes the case for the term ‘material poetics’ and demonstrates how many of the hybrid linguistic-material practices in the Americas built on early theorisations of language’s matter, which were undertaken with notable depth by the so-called ‘noigandres’ group of Brazilian concrete poets. Literary studies’ adoption of theories of objects and matter are explored along with debates within literary studies that investigate how we read. The introduction takes this book’s featured artists and poets to be its primary theorists and works to test and reframe contemporary thinking on objects by positing the matter of language as its object of study.

Theories of Terrestrial Mass Extinction by Extraterrestrial Objects

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D'Hondt
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Proximate Causes ◽  
Biological Extinction ◽  
Luis Alvarez ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Theories of mass extinction by extraterrestrial objects have been intermittently proposed by European and North American scientists for at least 250 years. Until the late twentieth century, such theories usually treated biological extinction as a single aspect of global cataclysm. Proposed ultimate causes of mass extinction have included the passage of planetesimals close to Earth, impacts of comets or asteroids, and transient increases in cosmic radiation. These theories have consistently extrapolated from astronomical observations to suggest that extraterrestrial objects had affected Earth at some time in the past. However, until the late twentieth century, none of these theories proposed definitive tests of temporal coincidences between mass extinctions and and the terrestrial effects of extraterrestrial objects. Harold Urey's (1973) cometary impact hypothesis was the first to propose such a test. The impact-extinction theory of Luis Alvarez and his colleagues (1980) was the first to provide direct evidence of such a coincidence. Such tests were probably not possible before the middle of the twentieth century. The failure of earlier theories to generate sustained scientific interest can be most simply attributed to their lack of such evidence. Theories of extraterrestrially caused mass extinction have almost always combined hypotheses of ultimate and proximate causes of extinction. The stability of these combinations has varied greatly from category to category and age to age. In general, these combinations evolved much more rapidly when they were presented and discussed in mainstream scientific literature. Despite their ubiquity, hypotheses of proximate causes have served a limited role in the reception of these theories. Scientific critics of these theories have consistently required hypotheses of proximate causes to appear plausible. However, the recent history of impact theories indicates that an ultimate cause of mass extinction may be widely accepted without definitive proof of the proximate cause of extinction.

The Security Problematic of the Third World

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ayoob
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Third World ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This article reviews some recently published volumes on the subject of Third World security and, in the light of the analyses presented in these books, attempts to discuss a series of major issues in the field of Third World security studies. These include (1) the applicability of the concept of security as traditionally defined in the Western literature on international relations to Third World contexts; (2) the domestic variables affecting the security of Third World states; (3) the impact of international systemic factors on Third World security; (4) the effect of late-twentieth-century weapons technology on the security of Third World states; and (5) the relationship between the security and developmental concerns of Third World states. The author concludes that while international and technological factors have important effects on the security of Third World states, the major variables determining the degree of security enjoyed by such states at both the intrastate and interstate levels are related to the twin processes of state making and nation building that are at work simultaneously within Third World polities.

scholarly journals Diplomatics as a methodological perspective for archival knowledge organization

NASKO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Natália Bolfarini Tognoli ◽  
José Augusto Chaves Guimarães ◽  
Joseph T Tennis
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Knowledge organization is usually discussed in the Library and Information Science community, but it is a concept rarely applied to archival science. It occurs, among other things, due the fact that until the late twentieth century the discipline did not recognize information as its object of study, studying only the record and the archive. Archival science began to consider information asits object of study when in 1988, in North America, the authors Couture, Ducharme, and Rousseau, proposed the use of the terms “organic information” and “nonorganic information”, defining the former as one created and received by a physical person or entity in the course of a practical activity, and the latter as one contained in bibliographical records, replacing therefore the concepts of archival and bibliographic records, in archival science research.

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