Gıdalarda Bulunan L-Triptofan, Serotonin, Melatonin Profilleri ve Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri

Nowadays, depending on the progress of science and technology, our eating habits have changed. The shape and quality of nutrition is important for human health. Especially, some food components have various effect on central nervous system such as depression, anxiety, sleep, appetite. Food constituents are transported into the central nervous system via the neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine and valine. Amino acids have an important role in human nutrition. It cannot be synthesized in the body and one of the essential amino acids that must be taken outside, trytophan, is indispensable in human nutrition because of it has the many functions. In recent years, scientific community concentrated on the various functions of L-Trytophan (L-Trp) as pioneer in the secretion of the hormones serotonin and melatoninin in the human body. The hormones serotonin and melatonin is responsible for activities such as psychology, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure balance, antioxidant effect, cancer inhibitor, sexuality, autism and circadian rhythms in human body that they are available in various foods such as milk, kefir, yogurt, orange, strawberry, grape, olive oil, walnut, prune, nut, pomegranate, coffee, kiwi and banana. In this study, L-Trp, serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis and metabolism, food profiles and in terms of their physiological and biological effects on human health has been compiled.

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What Strategy Central Nervous System Uses to Perform a Movement Balanced? Biomechatronical Simulation of Human Lifting

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics ◽

10.1155/2013/120707 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2-3) ◽

pp. 113-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ali Leylavi Shoushtari

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Human Body ◽

Inverse Dynamics ◽

Lower Boundary ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Inequality Constraint ◽

The Body ◽

System Control ◽

Nonlinear Inequality

How does the central nervous system control the body posture during various tasks despite a redundancy? It's a well-known question existed in such fields of study as biomechanics and bioengineering. Some techniques based on muscle and torques synergies are presented to study the function which Central Nervous System uses to addresses the kinetic redundancy in musculoskeletal system. The human body with its whole numerous joints considered as a hyper redundant structure which caused to be seemed that it is impossible for CNS to control and signal such system. To solve the kinematic redundancy in previous studies it is hypothesize that CNS functions as an optimizer, such of that are the task-based algorithms which search to find optimal solution for each specific task. In this research a new objective function based on ankle torques during movement is implemented to guarantee the stability of motion. A 2D 5DOF biomechatronical model of human body is subjected to lifting task simulation. The simulation process implements inverse dynamics as major constraint to consider the dynamics of motion for predicted postures. In the previous optimization-based techniques which are used to simulate the human movements, the motion stability was guaranteed by a nonlinear inequality constraint which restricts the total moment arm of the links to an upper and lower boundary. In this method, there is no need to use this constraint. The results show that the simulated postures are normal and the predicted motion is performed completely balanced.

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Characteristics of the dynamics of the central nervous system and att ention function in workers of shoe production

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-1-64-68 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 64-68

Author(s):

F. L. Azizova ◽

U. A. Boltaboev

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Women Workers ◽

Functional State ◽

The Body ◽

Conflict Of Interests ◽

Professional Groups ◽

Universal Device ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Working Day

The features of production factors established at the main workplaces of shoe production are considered. The materials on the results of the study of the functional state of the central nervous system of women workers of shoe production in the dynamics of the working day are presented. The level of functional state of the central nervous system was determined by the speed of visual and auditory-motor reactions, installed using the universal device chronoreflexometer. It was revealed that in the body of workers of shoe production there is an early development of inhibitory processes in the central nervous system, which is expressed in an increase in the number of errors when performing tasks on proofreading tables. It was found that the most pronounced shift s in auditory-motor responses were observed in professional groups, where higher levels of noise were registered in the workplace. The correlation analysis showed a close direct relationship between the growth of mistakes made in the market and the decrease in production. An increase in the time spent on the task indicates the occurrence and growth of production fatigue.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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Neural Stem Cells to Glial Cells an Important Factor for Brain Injury

Journal of Regenerative Biology and Medicine ◽

10.37191/mapsci-2582-385x-2(3)-025 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Prithiv K R Kumar

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Glial Cells ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

The Body ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Near Future

Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into any type of cell or organ. Stems cell originate from any part of the body, including the brain. Brain cells or rather neural stem cells have the capacitive advantage of differentiating into the central nervous system leading to the formation of neurons and glial cells. Neural stem cells should have a source by editing DNA, or by mixings chemical enzymes of iPSCs. By this method, a limitless number of neuron stem cells can be obtained. Increase in supply of NSCs help in repairing glial cells which in-turn heal the central nervous system. Generally, brain injuries cause motor and sensory deficits leading to stroke. With all trials from novel therapeutic methods to enhanced rehabilitation time, the economy and quality of life is suppressed. Only PSCs have proven effective for grafting cells into NSCs. Neurons derived from stem cells is the only challenge that limits in-vitro usage in the near future.

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Autoantibodies in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE): Can They Be Used as Biomarkers for the Differential Diagnosis of This Disease?

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology ◽

10.1007/s12016-021-08865-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elias Manca

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Human Body ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

The Central Nervous System

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus is a complex immunological disease where both environmental factors and genetic predisposition lead to the dysregulation of important immune mechanisms. Eventually, the combination of these factors leads to the production of self-reactive antibodies that can target any organ or tissue of the human body. Autoantibodies can form immune complexes responsible for both the organ damage and the most severe complications. Involvement of the central nervous system defines a subcategory of the disease, generally known with the denomination of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can range from relatively mild manifestations, such as headache, to more severe complications, such as psychosis. The evaluation of the presence of the autoantibodies in the serum of these patients is the most helpful diagnostic tool for the assessment of the disease. The scientific progresses achieved in the last decades helped researchers and physicians to discover some of autoepitopes targeted by the autoantibodies, although the majority of them have not been identified yet. Additionally, the central nervous system is full of epitopes that cannot be found elsewhere in the human body, for this reason, autoantibodies that selectively target these epitopes might be used for the differential diagnosis between patients with and without the neuropsychiatric symptoms. In this review, the most relevant data is reported with regard to mechanisms implicated in the production of autoantibodies and the most important autoantibodies found among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without the neuropsychiatric manifestations.

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VI. —Anaphylaxis and anaphylatoxins

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Containing Papers of a Biological Character (1896-1934) ◽

10.1098/rstb.1923.0006 ◽

1923 ◽

Vol 211 (382-390) ◽

pp. 273-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Anaphylactic Shock ◽

The Body ◽

Muscle Fibres ◽

Direct Stimulation ◽

Fundamental Conception ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Stimulation Of

In the study of the phenomena of anaphylaxis there are certain points on which some measure of agreement seems to have been attained. In the case of anaphylaxis to soluble proteins, with which alone we are directly concerned in this paper, the majority of investigators probably accept the view that the condition is due to the formation of an antibody of the precipitin type. Concerning the method, however, by which the presence of this antibody causes the specific sensitiveness, the means by which its interaction with the antibody produces the anaphylactic shock, there is a wide divergence of conception. Two main currents of speculation can be discerned. One view, historically rather the earlier, and first put forward by Besredka (1) attributes the anaphylactic condition to the location of the antibody in the body cells. There is not complete unanimity among adherents of this view as to the nature of the antibody concerned, or as to the class of cells containing it which are primarily affected in the anaphylactic shock. Besredka (2) himself has apparently not accepted the identification of the anaphylactic antibody with a precipitin, but regards it as belonging to a special class (sensibilisine). He also regards the cells of the central nervous system as those primarily involved in the anaphylactic shock in the guinea-pig. Others, including one of us (3), have found no adequate reason for rejecting the strong evidence in favour of the precipitin nature of the anaphylactic antibody, produced by Doerr and Russ (4), Weil (5), and others, and have accepted and confirmed the description of the rapid anaphylactic death in the guinea-pig as due to a direct stimulation of the plain-muscle fibres surrounding the bronchioles, causing valve-like obstruction of the lumen, and leading to asphyxia, with the characteristic fixed distension of the lungs, as first described by Auer and Lewis (6), and almost simultaneously by Biedl and Kraus (7). But the fundamental conception of anaphylaxis as due to cellular location of an antibody, and of the reaction as due to the union of antigen and antibody taking place in the protoplasm, is common to a number of workers who thus differ on details.

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The Co-Ordination of Insect Movements

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.34.3.306 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 306-333

Author(s):

G. M. HUGHES

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Limb Amputation ◽

Normal Movement ◽

Thoracic Ganglia ◽

Blatta Orientalis ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Leg Movements

I. The effects of limb amputation and the cutting of commissures on the movements of the cockroach Blatta orientalis have been investigated with the aid of cinematography. Detailed analyses of changes in posture and rhythm of leg movements are given. 2. It is shown that quite marked changes occur following the amputation of a single leg or the cutting of a single commissure between the thoracic ganglia. 3. Changes following the amputation of a single leg are immediate and are such that the support normally provided by the missing leg is taken over by the two remaining legs on that side. Compensatory movements are also found in the contralateral legs. 4. When two legs of opposite sides are amputated it has been confirmed that the diagonal sequence tends to be adopted, but this is not invariably true. Besides alterations in the rhythm which this may involve, there are again adaptive modifications in the movements of the limbs with respect to the body. 5. When both comrnissures between the meso- and metathoracic ganglia are cut, the hind pair of legs fall out of rhythm with the other four legs. The observations on the effects of cutting commissures stress the importance of intersegmental pathways in co-ordination. 6. It is shown that all modifications following the amputation of legs may be related to the altered mechanical conditions. Some of the important factors involved in normal co-ordination are discussed, and it is suggested that the altered movements would be produced by the operation of these factors under the new conditions. It is concluded that the sensory inflow to the central nervous system is of major importance in the co-ordination of normal movement.

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Recent Advances in the Pharmacology of Excitatory Amino Acids in the Mammalian Central Nervous System

Excitotoxins ◽

10.1007/978-1-4757-0384-9_4 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 43-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Davies ◽

R. H. Evans ◽

A. W. Jones ◽

K. N. Mewett ◽

D. A. S. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Excitatory Amino Acids ◽

Mammalian Central Nervous System ◽

Recent Advances

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Intrasellar Paraganglioma with Suprasellar Extension: Case Report

Tumori Journal ◽

10.1177/030089169808400319 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 408-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Maria Laura Del Basso De Caro ◽

Antonella Siciliano ◽

Paolo Cappabianca ◽

Alessandra Alfieri ◽

Enrico de Divitiis

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Case Report ◽

Pelvic Floor ◽

The Body ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Sellar Region ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Base Of The Skull ◽

Suprasellar Extension

Paragangliomas are usually benign tumors which can be found in many sites of the body, from the base of the skull down to the pelvic floor. In the central nervous system the sellar region is very rarely involved; only three well studied cases have been reported to date. We present the cytological, histological, histochemical, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of an intrasellar and suprasellar paraganglioma in an 84-year-old man.

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