Toxic effects in A549 cells induced by automobile exhaust particulates with different sizes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Xu ◽  
Junkang Jian ◽  
Deqing Mei ◽  
Bing Dai
Keyword(s):  
A549 Cells ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Automobile Exhaust

scholarly journals Comparative Toxic Effects of Manufactured Nanoparticles and Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Human Lung Epithelial Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Yun Wu ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Shaojuan Luo ◽  
Yunfeng Gu ◽  
Dongyang Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lung Epithelial

Although nanoparticles (NPs) have been used as simplified atmospheric particulate matter (PM) models, little experimental evidence is available to support such simulations. In this study, we comparatively assessed the toxic effects of PM and typical NPs (four carbonaceous NPs with different morphologies, metal NPs of Fe, Al, and Ti, as well as SiO2 NPs) on human lung epithelial A549 cells. The EC50 value of PM evaluated by cell viability assay was 148.7 μg/mL, closest to that of SiO2 NPs, between the values of carbonaceous NPs and metal NPs. All particles caused varying degrees of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) suppression. TiO2 NPs showed similar performance with PM in inducing ROS production (p < 0.05). Small variations between two carbonaceous NPs (graphene oxides and graphenes) and PM were also observed at 50 μg/mL. Similarly, there was no significant difference in ATP inhibition between carbonaceous NPs and PM, while markedly different effects were caused by SiO2 NP and TiO2 NP exposure. Our results indicated that carbonaceous NPs could be served as potential surrogates for urban PM. The identification of PM model may help us further explore the specific roles and mechanisms of various components in PM.

Protection of A549 cells against the toxic effects of sulphur mustard by hexamethylenetetramine

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D Lindsay ◽  
Joy L Hambrook
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
A549 Cell ◽  
Gentian Violet ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Sulphur Mustard

The A549 cell line was used as a model of the deep lung to study the toxicity and mechanism of action of sulphur mustard (HD), using the neutral red (NR) dye retention and gentian violet (GV) assays as indices of cell viability. It was found that exposure to concentrations in excess of 40 μM HD resulted in a rapid onset of toxicity. Exposure to 1000 μM HD reduced viability in A549 cell cultures to 61% after 2 h (control cultures=100%), whereas exposure to 40 μM HD did not result in deleterious effects until 26 h at which point viability fell to only 84% (NR assay). Agarose gel electrophoresis of cell cultures exposed to 40 and 1000 μM HD and harvested at 4.5, 19 and 43 h after exposure to HD, indicated that cell death was due to necrosis, despite the observation that at the higher concentration of HD cells displayed many of the features common to cells undergoing apoptotic death. The ability of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) to protect A549 cells against the effects of an LC50 challenge dose of HD was assessed using the GV and NR assays. It was found that HMT (15 mM) could protect cells against the effects of HD though HMT had to be present at the time of HD challenge. Cultures treated with HD only were 49% viable at 48 h after HD challenge, compared to 101% for protected cultures (NR assay) and 58% and 91% for unprotected and protected cultures respectively using the GV assay. Morphological observations of GV and NR stained cultures confirmed these findings. HMT concen trations of 2.5 to 25 mM were used. Maximal protection against the toxic effects of HD (LC50) was found at 10 to 25 mM HMT. Over this concentration range, HMT did not exert any toxic effects on A549 cells. Pretreatment of A549 cultures with HMT followed by its removal prior to HD challenge had no protective effect. Similarly, treating cultures with HD followed by addition of HMT did not increase the viability of the cultures, even if the HMT was added immediately after HD exposure. HMT was found to protect against the toxic effects ofHD, though it must be present at the time ofHD challenge. A549 cells were found to be a valuable experimental model for studying the toxicology of HD and other lung damaging agents, and for screening other compounds for potential therapeutic efficacy as a prelude to studies with non- transformed cell culture systems and in vivo models.

Combined effects of graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticle on human A549 cells: bioavailability, toxicity and mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wu ◽  
Jialu Wu ◽  
Su Liu ◽  
Zhuoyan Shen ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Human A549

The toxic effects of multinanomaterial systems are receiving more attention due to their release of various nanomaterials.

Toxic effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human lung A549 cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Zajdel ◽  
Adam Wilczok ◽  
Michał Tarkowski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Toxic Effects

Ultrastructure of the effect of T-514 obtained from Karwinskia humboldtiana on assembly and integrity of yeast's peroxisomes

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
J. Sepulveda-Saavedra ◽  
I. Vander-Klei ◽  
M. Venhuis ◽  
Y. Piñeyro-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Candida Boidinii ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Poisonous Plant ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Enzyme Content ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Yeast Model

Karwinskia humboldtiana is a poisonous plant that grows in semi desertic areas in north and central México. It produces several substances with different toxic effects. One of them designated T-514 damages severely the lung, kidney and liver, producing in the hepatoeyte large intracellular fat deposits and necrosis. Preliminary observations demonstrated that three is a decrease in the amount of peroxisomes in the hepatocytes of experimentally intoxicated rats and monkeys. To study the effect exerted by the T-514 on peroxisomes, a yeast model was selected, thus, three species: Saccha romices cerevisiae, Ilansenula polymorpha and Candida boidinii were used, because there is information concerning their peroxisome's morphology, enzyme content, biological behaviour under different culture conditions and biogenesis.

Some Conditions Necessary for Pinocytosis

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
M. W. Brightman
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Cell Processes

The cytological evidence for pinocytosis is the focal infolding of the cell membrane to form surface pits that eventually pinch off and move into the cytoplasm. This activity, which can be inhibited by oxidative and glycolytic poisons, is performed only by cell processes that are at least 300A wide. However, the interpretation of such toxic effects becomes equivocal if the membrane invaginations do not normally lead to the formation of migratory vesicles, as in some endothelia and in smooth muscle. The present study is an attempt to set forth some conditions under which pinocytosis, as distinct from the mere inclusion of material in surface invaginations, can take place.

Toxic effects of aerosol propellants on the heart

1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effects
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document