Endogenous Production of Hydrogen Sulfide in Human Sinus Mucosa and its Expression Levels are Altered in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with and without Nasal Polyps

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) current therapeutic approaches still fail in some patients with severe persistent symptoms and recurrences after surgery. We aimed to evaluate the master transcription factors gene expression levels of T cell subtypes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) that could represent new, up-stream targets for topical DNAzyme treatment. Patients and methods Twenty-two newly diagnosed CRS patients (14 CRSwNP and 8 CRSsNP) were prospectively biopsied and examined histopathologically. Gene expression levels of T-box transcription factor (T-bet, TBX21), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C (RORC) and Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results Eosinophilic CRSwNP was characterized by higher level of GATA3 gene expression compared to noneosinophilic CRSwNP, whereas there was no difference in T-bet, RORC and FOXP3 between eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRSwNP. In CRSsNP, we found simultaneous upregulation of T-bet, GATA3 and RORC gene expression levels in comparison to CRSwNP; meanwhile, there was no difference in FOXP3 gene expression between CRSwNP and CRSsNP. Conclusions In eosinophilic CRSwNP, we confirmed the type 2 inflammation by elevated GATA3 gene expression level. In CRSsNP, we unexpectedly found simultaneous upregulation of T-bet and GATA3 that is currently unexplained; however, it might originate from activated CD8+ cells, abundant in nasal mucosa of CRSsNP patients. The elevated RORC in CRSsNP could be part of homeostatic nasal immune response that might be better preserved in CRSsNP patients compared to CRSwNP patients. Further data on transcription factors expression rates in CRS phenotypes are needed.

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Vitamin D3 Deficiency Increases Sinus Mucosa Dendritic Cells in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599812448852 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 147 (4) ◽

pp. 773-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jennifer K. Mulligan ◽

David R. White ◽

Eric W. Wang ◽

S. Ritter Sansoni ◽

Helen Moses ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Vitamin D3 Deficiency ◽

Sinus Mucosa

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Increased presence of dendritic cells and dendritic cell chemokines in the sinus mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis

International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.1002/alr.20046 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 296-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Chris M. Ayers ◽

Rodney J. Schlosser ◽

Brendan P. O'Connell ◽

Carl Atkinson ◽

Ryan M. Mulligan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Dendritic Cell ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽

Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽

Sinus Mucosa

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Endogenous Production of Hydrogen Sulfide in Isolated Bovine Eye

Neurochemical Research ◽

10.1007/s11064-011-0482-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (8) ◽

pp. 1540-1545 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Madhura Kulkarni ◽

Ya Fatou Njie-Mbye ◽

Ikechukwu Okpobiri ◽

Min Zhao ◽

Catherine A. Opere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Endogenous Production ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

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Advances in the Knowledge of the Underlying Airway Remodeling Mechanisms in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Based on the Endotypes: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020910 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 910

Author(s):

Kijeong Lee ◽

Junhu Tai ◽

Sang Hag Lee ◽

Tae Hoon Kim

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Airway Remodeling ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

T Helper ◽

Cell Hyperplasia ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽

Sinus Mucosa

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa that affects up to 10% of the population worldwide. CRS is the most representative disease of the upper respiratory tract where airway remodeling occurs, including epithelial damage, thickening of the basement membrane, fibrosis, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial edema, and osteitis. CRS is divided into two phenotypes according to the presence or absence of nasal polyps: CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Based on the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism, CRS is also classified as eosinophilic CRS and non-eosinophilic CRS, owing to Type 2 T helper (Th2)-based inflammation and Type 1 T helper (Th1)/Type 17 T helper (Th17) skewed immune response, respectively. Differences in tissue remodeling in CRS are suggested to be based on the clinical phenotype and endotypes; this is because fibrosis is prominent in CRSsNP, whereas edematous changes occur in CRSwNP, especially in the eosinophilic type. This review aims to summarize the latest information on the different mechanisms of airway remodeling in CRS according to distinct endotypes.

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Release of Type 2 Cytokines by Epithelial Cells of Nasal Polyps

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2016/2643297 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Monica Boita ◽

Caterina Bucca ◽

Giuseppe Riva ◽

Enrico Heffler ◽

Giovanni Rolla

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽

Poly I:C ◽

Type 2 Cytokines ◽

Sinus Mucosa

Background. T2 inflammation of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) may be influenced by epithelial cytokines release (TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33). We investigated the release of TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33 by epithelial CRSwNP cells compared to epithelial sinus mucosa cells of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).Methods. IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP were measured by ELISA in the supernatant of cell cultures derived by CRSwNP (9 patients, 6 atopic) and CRSsNP (7 patients, 2 atopic) in baseline condition and following stimulation withDermatophagoides pteronyssinus(DP),Aspergillus fumigatus(AF), and poly(I:C).Results. CRSwNP epithelial cells released increased levels of IL-25 (from 0.12 ± 0.06 pg/ml to 0.27 ± 0.1 pg/ml,p<0.01) and TSLP (from 0.77 ± 0.5 pg/ml to 2.53 ± 1.17 pg/ml,p<0.001) following poly(I:C) stimulation, while CRSsNP epithelial cells released increased levels of IL-25 and IL-33 following AF and DP stimulation, respectively (IL-25: from 0.18 ± 0.07 pg/ml to 0.51 ± 0.1 pg/ml,p<0.001; IL-33: from 2.57 ± 1.3 pg/ml to 5.7 ± 3.1 pg/ml,p<0.001).Conclusions. CRSwNP epithelial cells release TSLP and IL-25 when stimulated by poly(I:C) but not by DP or AF, suggesting that viral infection may contribute to maintain and amplify the T2 immune response seen in CRSwNP.

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Clinical and histopathological impact of biofilm in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20205623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Karthikeyan Palanisamy ◽

Lakshmi Vaid ◽

Neelima Gupta ◽

Rumpa Saha ◽

Usha Rani Singh

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Normal Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Deviated Nasal Septum ◽

Positive Study ◽

Symptom Scores ◽

Sinonasal Outcome Test ◽

Sinus Mucosa

Background: Presence of biofilms in sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains controversial. Literature shows that biofilms may contribute to the recalcitrant nature of CRS and unfavourable outcome following surgery. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of biofilm and its clinical and histopathological impact in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)Methods: 41 patients of CRSwNP (study group) were included. SNOT-20(sinonasal outcome test-20) score, radiological and endoscopic findings of these patients were evaluated preoperatively. Sinonasal polypoidal tissues removed during surgery were studied for the presence of biofilm and evaluated histopathologically. Postoperatively SNOT-20 score and endoscopic finding were recorded. 41 patients undergoing septoplasty for deviated nasal septum (control group) were also included in the study. Sinonasal mucosal samples of these patients were analysed for the presence of biofilm. Results: 29 out of 41 (70.73%) samples in study group and 9 out of 41 (21.9%) samples in control group were positive for biofilm. We found a significant impact in preoperative SNOT-20 symptom scores in biofilm positive study group. But there is no significant impact in preoprerative endoscopic scores, radiological scores and postoperative SNOT-20 scores and endoscopic scores in study group patients irrespective of biofilm status.Conclusions: Prevalence of biofilm in patients with CRSwNP was higher than normal population. Biofilms plays a major role in preoperative symptomatology. But biofilms have no endoscopic, radiological, and histopathological impact in CRSwNP. It was concluded that apart from biofilms, host and other environmental factors plays a major role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.

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