scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA Encoding a Putative Nuclease Related to Petal Senescence in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) Flowers

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako Narumi ◽  
Rie Sudo ◽  
Shigeru Satoh
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Petal Senescence

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Aquaporins and Their Role in the Flower Opening Processes in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilong Kong ◽  
Mohammed Bendahmane ◽  
Xiaopeng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Gene Structure ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Protein Motifs ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Flower Organs ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Aquaporins (AQPs) are associated with the transport of water and other small solutes across biological membranes. Genome-wide identification and characterization will pave the way for further insights into the AQPs’ roles in the commercial carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). This study focuses on the analysis of AQPs in carnation (DcaAQPs) involved in flower opening processes. Thirty DcaAQPs were identified and grouped to five subfamilies: nine PIPs, 11 TIPs, six NIPs, three SIPs, and one XIP. Subsequently, gene structure, protein motifs, and co-expression network of DcaAQPs were analyzed and substrate specificity of DcaAQPs was predicted. qRT-PCR, RNA-seq, and semi-qRTRCR were used for DcaAQP genes expression analysis. The analysis results indicated that DcaAQPs were relatively conserved in gene structure and protein motifs, that DcaAQPs had significant differences in substrate specificity among different subfamilies, and that DcaAQP genes’ expressions were significantly different in roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Five DcaAQP genes (DcaPIP1;3, DcaPIP2;2, DcaPIP2;5, DcaTIP1;4, and DcaTIP2;2) might play important roles in flower opening process. However, the roles they play are different in flower organs, namely, sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for further functional analysis of DcaAQPs.

scholarly journals EXPRESSION OF ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY mRNAs DURING CARNATION FLOWER SENESCENCE

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 580b-580
Author(s):  
William R. Woodson ◽  
Ky Young Park ◽  
Paul Larsen ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Acc Synthase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Petal Senescence ◽  
Sam Synthetase ◽  
Carnation Flower

The senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flower petals is associated with increased synthesis of the phytohormone ethylene. This ethylene serves to initiate and regulate the processes of programmed cell death. We are using molecular approaches to study the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in various floral organs during development and senescence of flowers. We have isolated and cloned mRNAs which encode the ethylene biosynthetic pathway enzymes s-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthetase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and the ethylene forming enzyme (EFE) from carnation flower petals. These cDNAs have been used as molecular probes to determine the steady-state mRNA levels of these transcripts in senescing flowers. The increase in ethylene associated with petal senescence is accompanied by a dramatic increase in the abundance of transcripts for both ACC synthase and EFE. In striking contrast, the level of SAM synthetase mRNA decreases significantly with the onset of petal senescence. Genomic DNA Southern blots reveal both ACC synthase and EFE are encoded by multigene families. We have recently isolated several genomic clones from carnation which represent different ACC synthase genes. The structure and organization of these gene will be presented.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a cDNA for Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase(PAL) from Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation).

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko YOSHIMOTO ◽  
Daisuke HIGETA ◽  
Yoshio ITO ◽  
Hiroyuki YOSHIDA ◽  
Mitsuyasu HASEBE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals Physiological and Molecular Characterization of the Response to Ethylene during Senescence of Carnation Genotypic Variants

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Woodson ◽  
Shimon Mayak ◽  
Haim Rabinowitch
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Acc Synthase ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Petal Senescence ◽  
Ethylene Treatment ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene

The senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers is associated with increased production of the phytohormone ethylene, which in turn serves to initiate and regulate the processes involved in programmed petal death. We investigated the regulation of ethylene production and petal senescence in carnation. Several carnation genotypes were identified that exhibited extended vase-life in comparison to flowers from typical commercial cultivars. The capacity of these genotypes to produce ethylene during postharvest vase-life and to respond to exogenous ethylene was investigated. Several genotypes, represented by 'Sandrosa' and 87-37G produced little ethylene durig their postharvest vase-life and as a result failed to exhibit the symptoms (in-rolling and wilting) typical of flowers producing elevated levels of ethylene. These genotypes were further separated by their capacity to respond to exogenous ethylene by both increased ethylene synthesis and premature petal senescence. In one case a genotype (799) was identified that was not capable of responding to exogenous ethylene by either increased ethylene production or premature petal senescence. The regulation of ethylene production during petal senescence was investigated both at the enzyme and gene levels. A full length cDNA was identified for the petal senescence-related ACC synthase gene. Utilizing this, and other ethylene biosynthetic pathway cDNA probes, an increase in both ACC synthase and ACC oxidase mRNAs were detected following ethylene treatment. An increase in ACC oxidase mRNA and enzyme activity was detected within 2-3 h following ethylene treatment, indicating the expression of this gene is an early response to ethylene. An investigation into the expression of novel proteins during petal senescence revealed a number of polypeptides increased in abundance and possibly play a role in the regulation or biochemical processes of senescence. One polypeptide of 70 kDa was identified as being encoded by the previously characterized gene SR12 and possibly represents a b-galactosidase involved in the remobilization of carbohydrates during senescence.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of the MADS-Box Genes and Their Contribution to Flower Organ in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoni Zhang ◽  
Qijian Wang ◽  
Shaozong Yang ◽  
Shengnan Lin ◽  
Manzhu Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Flower Organ ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Characterization of arginine decarboxylase from Dianthus caryophyllus

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Hak Ha ◽  
Ki Joon Cho ◽  
Yu Jin Choi ◽  
Ky Young Park ◽  
Kyung Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Arginine Decarboxylase

scholarly journals Histone H3K4 methyltransferase DcATX1 promotes ethylene induced petal senescence in carnation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Feng ◽  
Ruiming Wang ◽  
Hualiang Tan ◽  
Linlin Zhong ◽  
Yunjiang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Petal Senescence ◽  
Histone Lysine ◽  
Histone Lysine Methyltransferase ◽  
Lysine Methyltransferase ◽  
Histone H3k4 ◽  
Arabidopsis Homolog ◽  
Complex Regulatory Network ◽  
Senescence Associated Genes

Petal senescence is controlled by a complex regulatory network. Epigenetic regulation like histone modification influences chromatin state and gene expression. However, involvement of histone methylation in regulating petal senescence is still largely unknown. Here, we found that the trimethylation of histone H3 at Lysine 4 (H3K4me3) is increased during the ethylene induced petal senescence in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). The H3K4me3 levels are positively associated with the expression of transcription factor DcWRKY75, ethylene biosynthetic genes DcACS1 and DcACO1, and senescence associated genes (SAGs) DcSAG12 and DcSAG29. Further, we identified that carnation DcATX1 (ARABIDOPSIS HOMOLOG OF TRITHORAX1) encodes a histone lysine methyltransferase which can methylate H3K4. Knockdown of DcATX1 delays ethylene induced petal senescence in carnation, which is associated with the downregulated expression of DcWRKY75, DcACO1 and DcSAG12. While overexpression of DcATX1 exhibits the opposite effects. DcATX1 promotes the transcription of DcWRKY75, DcACO1 and DcSAG12 by targeting to their promoters to elevate the H3K4me3 levels. Overall, our results demonstrate that DcATX1 is a H3K4 methyltransferase that promotes the expression of DcWRKY75, DcACO1 and DcSAG12 by regulating H3K4me3 levels, thereby accelerating ethylene induced petal senescence in carnation. This study further indicates that epigenetic regulation is important for plant senescence process.

scholarly journals Role of the Gynoecium in Cytokinin-induced Carnation Petal Senescence

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Woodson ◽  
Amanda S. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Petal Senescence

Treatment of cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. `White Sim') flowers with the synthetic cytokinin benzyladenine (BA) at concentrations >1.0 μm induced premature petal senescence. Flowers treated with 100 μm BA exhibited elevated ethylene production in styles and petals before untreated flowers. The gynoecia of BA-treated flowers accumulated 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxyllc acid (ACC) and enlarged before untreated flowers. Removal of the gynoecium (ovary and styles) or styles prevented BA-induced petal senescence and resulted in a substantial delay in petal senescence. In contrast, removal of the gynoecium had no effect on timing of petal senescence in flowers held in water. These results indicate BA stimulates petal senescence by inducing premature ACC accumulation and ethylene production in the gynoecium.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Nanobubble Water Delays Petal Senescence and Prolongs the Vase Life of Cut Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) Flowers

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Longna Li ◽  
Qianlan Yin ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Cheng ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Petal Senescence ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Dissolved Hydrogen

The short vase life of cut flowers limits their commercial value. To ameliorate this practical problem, this study investigated the effect of hydrogen nanobubble water (HNW) on delaying senescence of cut carnation flowers (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). It was observed that HNW had properties of higher concentration and residence time for the dissolved hydrogen gas in comparison with conventional hydrogen-rich water (HRW). Meanwhile, application of 5% HNW significantly prolonged the vase life of cut carnation flowers compared with distilled water, other doses of HNW (including 1%, 10%, and 50%), and 10% HRW, which corresponded with the alleviation of fresh weight and water content loss, increased electrolyte leakage, oxidative damage, and cell death in petals. Further study showed that the increasing trend with respect to the activities of nucleases (including DNase and RNase) and protease during vase life period was inhibited by 5% HNW. The results indicated that HNW delayed petal senescence of cut carnation flowers through reducing reactive oxygen species accumulation and initial activities of senescence-associated enzymes. These findings may provide a basic framework for the application of HNW for postharvest preservation of agricultural products.

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