scholarly journals Mosul Dam, NW Iraq: Is a Safe Dam??

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Varoojan Siskian ◽  
Nasrat Adamo ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari ◽  
Jan Laue ◽  
Aayda Abdulahad
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Grouting Materials ◽  
Earth Fill

Mosul Dam is located in the northwestern part of Iraq impounding the Tigris River; about 60 km north of Mosul city. This project is multipurpose project; to provide water for irrigation, flood control and hydropower generation. The dam is 113 m high and 3650 m long including the spillway. The dam is earth fill type with a mud core. The dam was designed to impound 11.11 km3 because it is based and underlain by gypsum beds alternated with limestone and marl. Therefore, it is planned to use continuous grouting to fill the karst caverns. The used quantity exceeded 95000 tons of solid grouting materials since 1986 up to 2014. After all, is the dam safe? The details are given in the current article.

Deriving reservoir operating rules considering ecological demands of multiple stations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-59
Author(s):  
Chen Wu ◽  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Jing Ji ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Rule Curves ◽  
Constraints Model ◽  
Operating Rule ◽  
Operating Rule Curves

Reservoirs play important roles in hydropower generation, flood control, water supply, and navigation. However, the regulation of reservoirs is challenged due to their adverse influences on river ecosystems. This study uses ecoflow as an ecological indicator for reservoir operation to indicate the extent of natural flow alteration. Three reservoir optimization models are established to derive ecological operating rule curves. Model 1 only considers the maximization of average annual hydropower generation and the assurance rate of hydropower generation. Model 2 incorporates ecological objectives and constraints. Model 3 not only considers the hydropower objectives but also simulates the runoff and calculates the ecological indicator values of multiple downstream stations. The three models are optimized by a simulation-optimization framework. The reservoir ecological operating rule curves are derived for the case study of China's Three Gorges Reservoir. The results represent feasible schemes for reservoir operation by considering both hydropower and ecological demands. The average annual power generation and assurance rate of a preferred optimized scheme for Model 3 are increased by 1.06% and 2.50%, respectively. Furthermore, ecological benefits of the three hydrologic stations are also improved. In summary, the ecological indicator ecoflow and optimization models could be helpful for reservoir ecological operations.

scholarly journals Real-time optimisation of the Hoa Binh reservoir, Vietnam

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Richaud ◽  
Henrik Madsen ◽  
Dan Rosbjerg ◽  
Claus B. Pedersen ◽  
Long L. Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Operating Rules ◽  
Forecast Lead Time ◽  
Conflicting Objectives ◽  
Simulation Optimisation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Hoa Binh

Multi-purpose reservoirs often have to be managed according to conflicting objectives, which requires efficient tools for trading-off the objectives. This paper proposes a multi-objective simulation-optimisation approach that couples off-line rule curve optimisation with on-line real-time optimisation. First, the simulation-optimisation framework is applied for optimising reservoir operating rules. Secondly, real-time and forecast information is used for on-line optimisation that focuses on short-term goals, such as flood control or hydropower generation, without compromising the deviation of the long-term objectives from the optimised rule curves. The method is illustrated for optimisation of the Hoa Binh reservoir in Vietnam. The approach is proven efficient to trade-off conflicting objectives. Selected by a Pareto optimisation method, the preferred optimum is able to mitigate the floods in the downstream part of the Red River, and at the same time to increase hydropower generation and to save water for the dry season. The real-time optimisation procedure further improves the efficiency of the reservoir operation and enhances the flexibility for the decision-making. Finally, the quality of the forecast is addressed. The results illustrate the importance of a sufficient forecast lead time to start pre-releasing water in flood situations.

Optimal coordination strategies for flood control and hydropower generation of reservoir

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Guoli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Forecast Uncertainty ◽  
Streamflow Forecast ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Optimal Coordination

<p>During flood seasons, the water head of the reservoir is kept in flood limited water level (FLWL) to satisfy the flood control objective, but this runs counter to the need for hydropower generation to maintain a high water-head. This paper focuses on the optimal hedging rules by setting an appropriate FLWL to maximize the benefit of hydropower without increasing the flood damage and raise the water level at the end of flood for non-flood season/future use. Two-stage hydropower functions considering the constraint conditions which include the downstream environmental flow and installed capacity are built. On the basis of studying the marginal utilities of the two-stage hydropower functions, the competitive and collaborative relationships between flood damage and hydropower benefit were analyzed qualitatively. A two-stage reservoir operation model with two objectives that are minimum flood damage and maximum hydropower generation is developed, which considers streamflow forecast uncertainty and acceptable flood risk. The derived OHR from the model can be used to make trade-offs between flood damage and hydropower benefit under different levels of streamflow forecast uncertainty or acceptable risk. Finally, the analysis is applied to the Nierji Reservoir in the north of China. The results indicate that the OHR can increase hydropower generation 1.57x106kw·h and decrease the volume of abandoned water30.04x106m3 average annual.</p>

scholarly journals EARTH FILL INCREASES EFFICACY AND LONGEVITY OF λ-CYHALOTHRIN RESIDUAL INSECTCIDE TREATMENT OF HESCO® BLAST WALL GEOTEXTILE

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Seth C. Britch
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Blast Protection ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Mosquito Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Earth Fill ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

The prevention of vector-borne disease to protect the health and readiness of United States forces in the field continues to be a high priority for the US Department of Defense. Previous studies have demonstrated that the risk of human contact with disease-vector mosquitoes and other biting flies can be reduced by applying an insecticide to perimeters of military materials such as camouflage netting or HESCO blast protection wall geotextile already in place around troops in the field. In this study we investigated whether residual pesticide efficacy will persist in the presence of earth fill that is required for operational use of HESCOs, using a warm temperate field site in north Florida. Results from laboratory bioassays measuring mosquito mortality and field collections of natural mosquito populations indicated superior efficacy and greater longevity of pesticide treated geotextile exposed to soil fill. These findings not only support immediate implementation of this technique in US military field scenarios, but also provide evidence that HESCO technology currently used in natural disaster flood control could be leveraged to protect civilian personnel from emerging floodwater mosquitoes.

Storage Ponds Application for Flood Control, Hydropower Generation and Water Supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avin Dadfar ◽  
Mohsen Besharat ◽  
Helena Margarida Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Hydropower Generation

Impact assessment on water harvesting and valley dams

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 266-282
Author(s):  
Attia El Gayar
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Water Control ◽  
The People ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Suitable Site ◽  
To Come ◽  
Earth Fill ◽  
Poor Management

Gravity dam is one of the biggest structures built on the Earth. It is known as a life line structure, as it serves the purpose of irrigation, hydro-electric power generation, flood control, domestic and industrial water supply etc., which are important for human existence. This makes dam as a reliable structure. For this reason, dam should always be designed for highest safety. Dam is one of the hydraulic structures constructed to serve particular functions. It is a water control feature to impound water supply, to divert water from a water course, or to raise the elevation for water body. In supplying the water to the consumers, a dam holds it from flowing into the pipe, tunnel and conduit. Earth fill dams are a good alternative to dugouts where larger volumes of water must be stored at a reasonable cost and suitable site conditions exist. Proper design and construction is essential for dams; otherwise they will fail from washouts or seepage losses. If water quantity is your main priority, then a dam could be the best option. If better water quality is the important factor, a dugout is probably a better option. Take the time to properly plan, construct, inspect and maintain your dam, and it will be a valuable water resource for your farm for many years to come. However, poor management of dams can cause problems and disasters in terms of safety of dam and how it affects the people and the environment. This study focuses for conducts how the design, operator and maintenance of dam to be ensure it is safety.

scholarly journals Naumore Storage Project Should be the Last Resort of Development on the Main Course of Rapti (West), Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hari Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Flow Regulation ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Dam Site

Water, food and energy are three essential elements of life and, therefore, they need to be made internally secured in a long lasting manner. In the case of Nepal, river waters are the basic sources of all these elements and are the only resources available indigenously in Nepal for these purposes. Rapti (West), being medium size river of rain-fed nature, the dry spell continues long from December up to the end of May; at the same time the flood waters available particularly in July, August and September create havoc by flooding in the downstream reaches. The Kapilvastu area which can be commanded by the Rapti (West) river does not have other dependable sources for fulfilling its requirements. The only way to fulfill its requirements without affecting downstream users is, thus, to capture a portion of flood water of Rapti behind a storage dam aimed at diversion to Kapilvastu for use during dry season. An appropriate site for such purpose is located at Bhalubang. Hence, this site needs to be developed first to ensure the diversion to Kapilvastu and then a much higher storage dam site at Naumore could, later at appropriate time but within 25 to 30 years after development of Bhalubang site, be developed for increasing the flow regulation potential of the Rapti River so that the hydropower generation, flood control and intensification of irrigated agriculture at its commendable areas, could be maximized. HYDRO Nepal Journal of Water Energy and EnvironmentVolume- 18, 2016, JanuaryPage -1 to 5

A reliability programming model for hydropower optimization

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangarajan Srinivasan ◽  
Slobodan P. Simonovic
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Reservoir Release ◽  
Hydropower Optimization ◽  
Manitoba Hydro ◽  
Nonlinear Energy ◽  
Reservoir Planning

A new reliability model for planning the operation of a multipurpose reservoir for hydropower generation and flood control, which considers the stochastic nature of inflows, is presented. The proposed solution algorithm maximizes the benefits accrued from hydropower generation and minimizes the economic losses incurred due to the reservoir not meeting the required reliabilities for hydropower supply and flood control. This algorithm uses a linearization technique to approximate the nonlinear energy function. An original method of incorporating the energy generation in the formulation of the reliability programming model is presented. This model determines the optimal reservoir release policy along with the optimal reliabilities of satisfying the hydropower demand and providing the required flood control storage. Applicability of the model is demonstrated using Manitoba Hydro data. Key words: reservoir planning, midterm planning, flood control, hydropower, stochastic modeling, reliability, risk-loss.

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