An Improved Cellular Automaton Traffic Model Based on STCA Model Considering Variable Direction Lanes in I-VICS

In this paper, we propose an improved cellular automaton model for the traffic operation characteristics of variable direction lanes in an Intelligent Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation System (I-VICS). According to the proposed flow of variable oriented lane operation in the I-VICS environment, the idea for the improved model has been determined. According to an analysis of different signal states, an improved STCA model is proposed, in combination with the speed induction method of I-VICS and the variable direction lane switching strategy. In the assumed regular simulation environment, the STCA and STCA-V models are simulated under different vehicular densities. The results indicated that traffic parameters such as traffic flow and average speed of the variable direction lanes in the I-VICS environment are better than those in the conventional environment according to the operating rules of the proposed model. Moreover, lane utilization increased for the same density.

Conditional Operation Rules For Optimal Conjunctive Use of Surface And Groundwater

The current study presents an efficient method for deriving precise operation rules from all subsystems of a distributed conjunctive use system (CUS), including aquifer, river, and reservoir. Distributed aquifer simulation has been performed using the URM method. Given that the historical flow time series can only represent one of the possible situations in the future and its use to determine the performance of the CUS is certainly not very reliable, in this study, river flow uncertainties are implicitly considered. To develop the operation rules, the time series of river flow were generated using autoregressive model. Then, the operation optimization model of the system was implemented with the objective function of minimizing water shortage for different river flow time series. 70% of the data was used for model training and 30% for model validation. Finally, using the decision tree algorithm (M5Rules), the conditional operation rules were extracted and compared with the single linear regression operation rules. Using five efficiency criteria CC, MAE, RMSE, RAE, and RRSE, the comparison of conditional and single linear regression operating rules has been done. The results showed that the the conditional operation rules reduces relative absolute error by a minimum of 39% and a maximum of 71%. If the system is operated according to the conditional rules, in the worst case, the amount of water shortage imposed will be 16.61 MCM over ten years.

PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO PREVENTION OF FIRES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS DUE TO VIOLATION OF RULES OF INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF FURNACE HEATING

В статье анализируется динамика количества пожаров, происходящих вследствие нарушения правил эксплуатации и установки печного оборудования, количество травмированных и погибших в результате пожаров в жилом секторе. Рассматриваются основные нормативные правовые акты, действующие на территории Российской Федерации в области установки и эксплуатации печного оборудования. Сформулированы основные правила эксплуатации печного оборудования в жилых домах. The article analyzes the dynamics of number of fires caused by violation of rules of operation and installation of furnace equipment. And also there are analyzed the number of injured and dead as a result of fires in the residential sector. There are considered the main regulatory legal acts in the field of installation and operation of furnace equipment on the Russian Federation territory. The basic operating rules of furnace equipment in residential buildings are formulated.

Some Single-Valued Neutrosophic Uncertain Linguistic Maclaurin Symmetric Mean Operators and Their Application to Multiple-Attribute Decision Making

The Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator has a good aggregation effect. It can capture the relationships between multiple input parameters, and the neutrosophic uncertain linguistic numbers can well represent some indeterminate and incomplete information. In this paper, we combine the MSM operator with the singled-valued neutrosophic uncertain linguistic set and propose some MSM operators based on single-valued neutrosophic uncertain linguistic environment, such as single-valued neutrosophic uncertain linguistic Maclaurin symmetric mean(SVNULMSM) operator and single-valued neutrosophic uncertain linguistic generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean(SVNULGMSM) operator. First of all, according to the neutrosophic set and uncertain linguistic numbers, we propose the single-valued neutrosophic uncertain linguistic numbers and give some operating rules. Furthermore, considering the influence of attribute weight on the results, we introduce the weighted SVNULMSM operator and weighted SVNULGMSM operator. Then, we propose a method to deal with MSDM problems and give the specific steps to solve the problem. Finally, an investment example is used to verify the effectiveness of our method, and the superiority of the method is proved by comparing with other methods.

Mitigating Drought Conditions under Climate and Land Use Changes by Applying Hedging Rules for the Multi-Reservoir System

Climate and land use changes have substantially affected hydrologic cycles and increased the risk of drought. Reservoirs are one of the important means to provide resilience against hydrologic variability and achieve sustainable water management. Therefore, adaptive reservoir operating rules are needed to mitigate their adverse effects. In this study, the Hanjiang River Basin in southeast China was selected as the study area. Future climate and land use projections were produced by the Delta method and CA-Markov model, respectively. Future climate forcings and land use patterns were then incorporated into a distributed hydrologic model to evaluate river flow regime shifts. Results revealed that climate and land use changes may lead to severe drought conditions in the future. Lower flows are shown to be more sensitive to environmental changes and a decline of monthly flows could reach up to nearly 30% in the dry season. To address the threat of increasing drought uncertainties in the water supply system, the aggregation-decomposition method incorporated with hedging rules was applied to guide the multi-reservoir operation. Parameters of optimal hedging rules were obtained by a multi-objective optimization algorithm. The performance of hedging rules was evaluated by comparison to standard operating policies and conventional operating rules with respect to reliability, resiliency, vulnerability, and sustainability indices. Results showed that the multi-reservoir system guided by hedging rules can be more adaptive to the environmental changes.