scholarly journals Bioefficacy of different Insecticides against aphid (Myzus persicae) in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
N L Dangi, M K Mahla, K C Ahir*, Hemant Swami
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Thrips Population

A field trail was conducted in randomized block design at KVK Bhilwara, MPUAT, Udaipur to evaluate efficacy of carbosulfan 25% EC at 250, 312.5 and 375 g a.i. ha-1 along with thiamethoxam 25% WG at 25 g a.i. ha-1, imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 25 g a.i. ha-1 and acetamiprid 20% SP at 10 g a.i. ha-1 against aphid (Myzus persicae) in cumin during Rabi, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The result revealed that two sprays of carbosulfan 25% EC at 375 g a.i. ha-1 was found effective against aphid. It caused maximum mean reduction in thrips population after second spray at 10 days after application, which was 87.52% and 88.45% during 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. It was followed by carbosulfan 25% EC at 312.5 g a.i. ha-1. The maximum yields were recorded in case of carbosulfan 25% EC at 375 g a.i. ha-1, which were 622.3 and 456.7 kg ha-1 during 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively and incremental yield of 358.6 kg ha-1 over untreated control.

EFFECTIVENESS OF YEAST, VITAMIN B12, AND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS ON SURVIVAL OF INDIAN CARP DURING THE EARLY PERIOD OF LIFE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
B. C. Das
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Cobalt Nitrate ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Alternative Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stomach Extract

Standardized preparations of yeast and vitamin B12, and some alternative treatments, were administered to Indian fresh-water carp (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala) during the first 2 weeks of life following hatching, to determine their effect on survival.A randomized block design was employed to set up 54 treatment groups, with 9 replications for each of 6 treatments. The daily treatments per 9 liters of water were: 0.324 g yeast; 25 μg crystalline vitamin B12; 10 ml of ruminant stomach extract; 1 μg cobalt nitrate; 10 ml ruminant stomach extract with 1 μg cobalt nitrate; and an untreated control. Significant differences (P < 01) were observed between the proportion of carp surviving in the control and in treatments with yeast, vitamin B12, ruminant stomach extract, and ruminant stomach extract with cobalt nitrate. Yeast was the most effective treatment, with 89% surviving; with ruminant stomach extract with cobalt nitrate 84% survived; with ruminant stomach extract alone 83% survived; with vitamin B12 75% survived; while 65% survived in the untreated control. The results indicate that some components of the vitamin B complex, including B12, are effective in increasing survival during the early period of life. Alternative treatments utilizing ruminant stomach extract, possibly containing these components, are also adequate for increasing survival.

scholarly journals Selectivity of clomazone and S-metolachlor applied after cassava pruning

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Costa ◽  
D.C. Andrade ◽  
D.A. Sontag ◽  
C.A. Scariot ◽  
L.H. Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding

The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of clomazone in two formulations and S-metolachlor applied on shoots of different sizes after pruning of 'Baianinha' cassava. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a factorial 5 x 2 (5 treatments x 2 sizes of shoots after pruning - 10 and 33 cm) with four replications. The herbicides evaluated were: clomazone (encapsulated suspension - 900 g h-1), clomazone (encapsulated suspension - 1,080 g ha-1), clomazone (emulsifiable concentrate 900 g ha-1), S-metolachlor (1,920 g ha-1) and an untreated control. During the experiment, all plots were kept free of weed interference by hand weeding. It was concluded that both the formulations of clomazone and S-metolachlor were selective when applied on both the shoot sizes evaluated. However, the application of S-metolachlor on 33 cm shoots gave higher selectivity to 'Baianinha' cassava plants.

EFFECTIVENESS OF YEAST, VITAMIN B12, AND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS ON SURVIVAL OF INDIAN CARP DURING THE EARLY PERIOD OF LIFE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Das
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Cobalt Nitrate ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Alternative Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stomach Extract

Standardized preparations of yeast and vitamin B12, and some alternative treatments, were administered to Indian fresh-water carp (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhina mrigala) during the first 2 weeks of life following hatching, to determine their effect on survival.A randomized block design was employed to set up 54 treatment groups, with 9 replications for each of 6 treatments. The daily treatments per 9 liters of water were: 0.324 g yeast; 25 μg crystalline vitamin B12; 10 ml of ruminant stomach extract; 1 μg cobalt nitrate; 10 ml ruminant stomach extract with 1 μg cobalt nitrate; and an untreated control. Significant differences (P < 01) were observed between the proportion of carp surviving in the control and in treatments with yeast, vitamin B12, ruminant stomach extract, and ruminant stomach extract with cobalt nitrate. Yeast was the most effective treatment, with 89% surviving; with ruminant stomach extract with cobalt nitrate 84% survived; with ruminant stomach extract alone 83% survived; with vitamin B12 75% survived; while 65% survived in the untreated control. The results indicate that some components of the vitamin B complex, including B12, are effective in increasing survival during the early period of life. Alternative treatments utilizing ruminant stomach extract, possibly containing these components, are also adequate for increasing survival.

scholarly journals Application methods and dosages of thiamethoxam in thrips control on tomato plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gilberto Raetano ◽  
Marco Roberto Kobayashi ◽  
Wagner Roberto Kuwahara ◽  
Rodrigo R. Vinchi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Thrips Population

Thrips is one of the most important vector species of the tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) in Brazil. Two different pesticide application methods, drench x spray, using thiamethoxam were compared with commonly used insecticides for thrips control in tomato plants, Debora Plus. The experimental design consisted of a complete randomized block design with seven treatments and four replicates. Dosages of 150 and 200 g of a.i. per ha were used in just one drench application and 50 g of a.i. ha-1 sprayed, at weekly intervals, 48 days after sowing. The control efficacy of thiamethoxam was compared to diafenthiuron (400 g of a.i. ha-1), profenofos + cypermethrin (320+32 g of a.i. ha-1, respectively) and methamidophos (60 g of a.i. per hectolitre of water) in spray application. Cumulative number of plants with tospoviruses and the F. schultzei population from ten flowers per plot were registered. The mean cumulative number of plants with tospoviruses among treatments was not significantly different. No significant difference between thiamethoxam application methods and dosages on F. schultzei control, 24 days after application, were observed for thrips population. One drench application of higher dosages of thiamethoxam proved to be more environmentally advantageous than the pesticide applied at dosages of 50 g of a.i. ha-1 at weekly intervals. The vector control efficacy of thiamethoxam varied from 93 to 95%, independently of the application method and dosages. Diafenthiuron and profenofos + cypermethrin showed less efficacy (78 and 88%, respectively) but greater than those with methamidophos (71%). The products and dosages tested did not cause phytotoxicity in tomato leaves.

scholarly journals Sensory Attributes, Phytotoxicity, and Production of Grape Cultivars after Treatment with Two Deer Repellents

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-432
Author(s):  
Larry D. Howery ◽  
Dale L. Nolte ◽  
Lawrence M. Sullivan ◽  
Michael W. Kilby
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Phytotoxic Effects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rapid Emergence ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Production Losses

The objective of our experiment was to determine if the application of two deer repellents to six grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) caused significant phytotoxic effects, production losses, or altered the sensory characteristics of wine. We evaluated fifteen single vine plants from six different cultivars in a randomized block design that included the two repellent treatments and an untreated control. During spring 1997, we applied repellents biweekly from budbreak until flowering (2 Apr. to 14 May). Plantskyyd was applied more frequently than recommended by the product label (for trees) due to rapid emergence of unprotected shoot growth in vineyards. Hot Sauce and Plantskydd caused some initial minor phytotoxicity during 1997, however, the yield and phytotoxicity of treated plants were similar to controls by harvest. A panel detected a significant difference in the color, aroma, or taste of `Chardonnay' wine made from grapes treated with repellents compared to wine made from untreated control grapes (P = 0.001 for Hot Sauce; P = 0.05 for Plantskydd). We conclude that Hot Sauce and Plantskydd did not cause serious production losses or phytotoxic effects for the six cultivars treated. However, both Hot Sauce and Plantskydd significantly altered the sensory attributes of Chardonnay wine, which may preclude the use of chemical repellents in wine grape vineyards under the experimental conditions applied in our study.

Pengaruh Tanaman Aromatik Dalam Sistem Tanam Tumpangsari Dengan Cabai Merah Terhadap Serangan Trips dan Kutudaun (Effect of Aromatic Plants on Thrips and Aphid Infestation in Intercropping System with Hot Pepper)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Tonny Koestoni Moekasan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
System A ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Thrips Population

<p>Tanaman aromatik seperti seledri dan kemangi mengandung minyak esensial yang antara lain bersifat sebagai penolak hama. Oleh karena itu tanaman tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara pengendalian hama dengan cara ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tanaman seledri dan kemangi yang ditumpangsarikan dengan cabai merah dalam menekan populasi hama trips dan kutudaun pada tanaman cabai merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (1.250 m dpl.), Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Lembang, dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2016.  Penelitian disusun alam rancangan acak kelompok dengan pola petak terpisah. Petak utama ialah sistem tanam (A), yang terdiri atas: (a1) tumpangsari cabai-seledri, (a2) tumpangsari cabai-kemangi, dan (a3) cabai monokultur. Anak petak ialah penyemprotan insektisida (B), yang terdiri atas: (b1) disemprot insektisida 2x/minggu dan (b2) tidak disemprot insektisida. Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) dalam sistem tumpangsari dengan cabai, seledri dan kemangi mampu menekan populasi trips masing-masing sebesar 35,84% dan 34,76%, serta menekan populasi kutudaun masing-masing sebesar 44% dan 50,25%; (2) penggunaan seledri dan kemangi dibandingkan dengan penggunaan insektisida menunjukkan penekanan yang lebih baik terhadap trips dan kutudaun, sehingga penggunaan tanaman aromatik tersebut dalam sistem tumpangsari dengan cabai mampu menekan penggunaan insektisida hingga 100%; dan (3) penggunaan seledri dan kemangi dalam sistem tanam tumpangsari dengan cabai mampu meningkatkan hasil panen cabai masing-masing sebesar 61,89% dan 65,04%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Cabai (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>); Seledri (<em>Apium graveolens</em>); Kemangi (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em>); Tumpangsari; Hama</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Aromatic plants like celery and basil contain essential oils that able to repel the pests. Therefore, these aromatic plants can be used in intercropping system to control pests of the main crop. The aim of the research was to know how far celery and basil in intercropping with hot pepper in reducing thrips and aphid infestation on hot pepper. The activity was carried out in Margahayu Research Garden (1,250 m asl.), Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute at Lembang. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with split plot pattern and each combination treatment was replicated four times. The main plot was planting system (A): (a1) hot pepper intercropped with celery, (a2) hot pepper intercropped with basil, and (a3) hot pepper monoculture. The sub plot was insecticide spraying (B): (b1) spray with insecticide 2x/week and (b2) without insecticide spraying. Results showed that: (1) in intercropping system with hot pepper, celery and basil were able to reduce thrips population by 35.84% and 34.76% respectively, and were able to reduce aphid population by 44% and 50,25% respectively; (2) use of celery and basil compared with insecticide showed a better suppression on thrips and aphid population, so that the use of these aromatic plants was able to reduce insecticide spraying by 100%; and (3) use of celery and basil was able to increase the hot pepper yield by 61.89% and 65.04% respectively.</p>

Innovation of Natural Preservation of Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Using Coconut Coconut Ashes with Drying Time Variations on Hedonics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika Agustina ◽  
Rita Sunartaty ◽  
Teuku Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Basic Ingredient ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salt Substitute ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Rastrelliger Kanagurta

Coconut frond ash is one of the wastes from coconut trees which has not been maximally utilized. Coconut frond ash contains MgCl2 and KCl so that it can be used as a salt substitute in the process of preserving fish. In this study coconut frond ash was used as a basic ingredient for making dried mackerel with a long time of drying to storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying time on mackerel storage. The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors studied. The first factor is the drying time consists of 3 levels, namely P1 = 3 days, P2 = 4 days, P3 = 5 days. The second factor is storage which consists of 3 levels, namely S1 = 30 days, S2 = 60 days, S3 = 90 days. Each treatment was repeated 2 times to obtain 18 experimental units to observed hedonic tests. From the results of the study it can be stated that the treatment has a very significant effect (P≥0.01) on the hedonic test which includes (color, aroma, taste and texture).

Comparative Effectiveness Of Seed Treating And Foliar Insecticides Against Sucking Pests Of Cotton And Impact On Their Natural Enemies

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
SMA Hossain ◽  
MA Baque ◽  
MR Amin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Thrips Population ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

The Imidacloprid insecticide, Gaucho 70 WS at 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 g/kg seed was used as seed treatment and monocrotophos 40 WSC at 1120 ml/ha was applied as foliar spray on CB9 cotton cultivar to suppress aphid, whitefly and thrips, and impact on their natural enemies during 2008-2011 at the Regional Cotton Research Station, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The activity of natural enemies, such as ladybird beetle, lacewing, syrphid, and spider population on the sucking pests attacking cotton cultivar CB9 and yield of cotton were recorded. Imidacloprid significantly reduced aphid, whitefly, and thrips population on cotton crops compared to untreated control or foliar spray of monocrotophos 40 WSC at 1120 ml/ha. Ladybird beetles, lacewings, syrphids, and spiders were abundant in the field but their population decreased in the treated plots compared to untreated control. The CB9 cotton cultivar produced significantly higher yield (1.73 t/ha) with a benefit cost ratio 12.47 when seeds were treated with Imidacloprid at 5.5 g/kg fuzzy seed. This study indicated that Imidacloprid (Gaucho 70 WS) used as a seed treatment may be suggested to the cotton growers for controlling sucking pests. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(1): 61-70, March 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15190

Kualitas Semen Cair Kambing Boer Berbahan Pengencer Air Kelapa Muda Varietas Viridis Setelah Simpan Dingin

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ade Salim ◽  
Muhammad Nur Ihsan ◽  
Nur Isnaini ◽  
Trinil Susilawati
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Artificial Vagina

ABSTRAKAir kelapa muda varietas viridisdapat dijadikan pengencer aletrnatif semen cair bagi program IB di daerah minim sarana semen beku. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh penggunaan air kelapa muda viridissebagai bahan pengencer terhadap kualitas semen cair kambing Boer setelah didinginkan. Dilaksanakanselama 3 bulan di Laboratorium Fakultas Peternakan UBUnit SumberSekar,Malang. Metodenya yaitu eksperimen. Semen dari  3 pejantan Boer umur 3-5 tahun, dikoleksi seminggu sekali dengan VB. Air kelapa mudaviridis umur 5-7 bulan serta tris aminomethane sebagai kontrol. Didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu P0 (tris aminomethane + 10% KT) dan  P1 (air kelapa muda viridis + 10% KT) masing-masing diulang 10 kali. Data dianalisis dengan analisis Ragam (Anova) dengan software Genstat 18. Variabelnya yaitu motilitas individu, viabilitas dan abnormalitas. Hasil penelitian yaitu motilitas individu pada P1bertahan sampai 4 hari (40,5± 24,3%), viabilitas terbaik sampai hari ke-5 (42±24,6%), abnormalitas terendah di hari ke-7(1,31± 0,6). Kesimpulannya, Pengencer air kelapa muda viridis dapat mempertahankan kualitas semen cair kambing Boer selama 4 hari untuk motilitas dan 5 hari untuk viabilitas.Kata Kunci:pengencer, air kelapa, varietas viridisABSTRACTYoung viridis coconut water could be used as an alternative to liquid semen diluent for artificial insemination program in the area with limited facility for frozen semen production. This study evaluated the use of young coconut water as a diluent on liquid semen quality of Boer goat after cold storage. This study was carried out for 3 months at Sumber Sekar Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, Malang. The semen was collected from 3 Boer bucks aged at 3 to 5 years old. The semen collection was done once a week with the aid of artificial vagina. The diluents used were young Viridis coconut (5 to 7 months old) and tris aminomethane. The method used was an experiment in a randomized block design with 2 treatments and 10 replicates. The treatments used were T0: tris aminomethane + 10% egg yolk (control) and T1:  young Viridis coconut water + 10% egg yolk. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using Genstat 18 software. The variables measured were sperm individual motility, viability, and abnormality. The results showed that the sperm individual motility in T1 survived up to 4 days (40.5± 24.3%), the best viability at 5 days (42.0±24.6%),  while the lowest abnormality at 7 days (1.31±0.6). It could be concluded that: 1. Tris aminomethane diluent has higher quality with the storage length up to 9 days, 2. Young Viridis coconut water diluent could preserve liquid semen quality of Boer goat up to 4 days for sperm motility and 5 days for sperm viability.Keywords: diluents, coconut water, viridis variety

Combining ability and heterosis studies across environments in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sood ◽  
N. Kalia ◽  
S. Bhateria
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Fibre Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were calculated for fourteen lines of linseed in a line × tester mating design using twelve lines and two diverse testers in two different environments. The hybrids and parental lines were raised in a completely randomized block design with three replications to investigate seed and fibre yield and their component traits. Genetic variation was significant for most of the traits over environments. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines KL-221 and LCK-9826 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its components, whereas LMH-62 and LC-2323 were good general combiners for yield components only. Moreover, KL-221 was also a good general combiner for fibre yield. Similarly, B-509 and Ariane were good general combiners for fibre yield and most of its components. Among the specific cross combinations, B-509 × Flak-1 was outstanding for seed yield per plant and B-509 × KL-187 and LC-2323 × LCK-9826 for fibre yield per plant, with high SCA effects. In general, the hybrids excelled their respective parents and the standard checks for most of the characters studied. Based on the comparison of mean performance, SCA effects and the extent of heterosis, the hybrids LC-2323 × LCK-9826 and B-509 × KL-221 appeared to be the most promising for both seed and fibre yield. Other promising combinations were LC-2323 × KL-210 and B-509 × Ariane for seed and fibre yield, respectively. The superiority of LC-2323, LCK-9826, KL-221, B-509 and Ariane as good general combiners was further confirmed by the involvement of these parents in the desirable cross combinations.

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