scholarly journals Activism resource of local associations of the Volgograd Oblast

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Alexander Vladimirovich Odintsov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Volgograd Oblast ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Key Issues

The object of this research is the local municipal and rural associations of the Volgograd Oblast. The subject of this research is the resource of activism of local associations of the Volgograd Oblast. This research analyzes the key characteristics of the population of municipal and rural districts of the Oblast for emergence of activism, namely the unity in understanding of the key issues faced by local association and attention to them; presence of social solidarity and close communication; self-identification with the local territorial community. The main hypothesis of this research was tested with help of mass surveys of the population, conducted based on quota cell. Statistical population in this research – the population of the Volgograd Oblast (N=2,491,751). The basis for the quota consisted in the following: place of residence of respondents (municipal and rural districts of the Volgograd Oblast), as well as gender and age of respondents. The total size of the cell is n=848 respondents. The novelty of this research consists in the fact that for the first time it is determined that rural local associations possesses greater potential for activism than their urban counterparts, which can become a substantial base for development of rural areas if properly applied.

Government measures to attain sustainable economic and social development of rural areas: Evidence from the Volgograd Oblast

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
T.V. Klenova ◽  
◽  
A.S. Ivanov ◽  
D.A. Koneva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Volgograd Oblast

scholarly journals Radio Coverage and Device Capacity Dimensioning Methodologies for IoT LoRaWAN and NB-IoT Deployments in Urban Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Ghadah Aldabbagh ◽  
Nikos Dimitriou ◽  
Samar Alkhuraiji ◽  
Omaimah Bamasag
Keyword(s):  
Access Network ◽  
Network Planning ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Concise Overview ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Radio Coverage ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Network Technologies

This paper focuses on the study of IoT network deployments, in both unlicensed and licensed bands, considering LoRaWAN and NB-IoT standards, respectively. The objective is to develop a comprehensive and detailed network planning and coverage dimensioning methodology for assessing key metrics related to the achieved throughput and capacity for specific requirements in order to identify tradeoffs and key issues that are related to the applicability of IoT access technologies for representative use case types. This paper will provide a concise overview of key characteristics of IoT representative IoT access network standards that are considered for being deployed in unlicensed and licensed bands and will present a methodology for modeling the characteristics of both access network technologies in order to assess their coverage and capacity considering different parameters.

scholarly journals An inter-disciplinary approach to the energy transition in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Todd ◽  
Darren McCauley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Static Approach ◽  
Tackle Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuel Industry ◽  
Energy Justice

AbstractThe compelling need to tackle climate change is well-established. It is a challenge which is being faced by all nations. This requires an approach which is truly inter-disciplinary in nature, drawing on the expertise of politicians, social scientists, and technologists. We report how the pace of the energy transition can be influenced significantly by both the operation of societal barriers, and by policy actions aimed at reducing these effects. Using the case study of South Africa, a suite of interviews has been conducted with diverse energy interests, to develop and analyse four key issues pertinent to the energy transition there. We do so primarily through the lens of delivering energy justice to that society. In doing so, we emphasise the need to monitor, model, and modify the dynamic characteristic of the energy transition process and the delivery of energy justice; a static approach which ignores the fluid nature of transition will be insufficient. We conclude that the South African fossil fuel industry is still impeding the development of the country’s renewable resources, and the price of doing so is being met by those living in townships and in rural areas.

scholarly journals Regional Spatial Approach to Differences in Rural Economic Development: Insights from Serbia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Žana Jurjević ◽  
Stanislav Zekić ◽  
Danilo Đokić ◽  
Bojan Matkovski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Eu Regions ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Rural Policy ◽  
The Eu

Rural regions with a larger share of the primary sector in the overall economy are limited in their ability to achieve a sufficient level of competitiveness. In countries such as Serbia, where rural areas play an important role, addressing the problems affecting these areas is important for overall development. The purpose of this study is to determine the socioeconomic performance of the rural regions of Serbia and the EU in order to indicate the position of Serbia’s rural areas in the process of European integration. NUTS 3 (NUTS 2 for Germany) was used for analysis, and from this an Index of Socioeconomic Performance was created. This Index was created using Factor Analysis. The results point to Serbia lagging behind other EU regions in terms of development, with most of Serbia’s rural regions receiving the lowest ratings. These results are cause for alarm and indicate a need to create strategies that will direct resources towards key issues in these areas, whose potential would be adequately used through the implementation of rural policy measures, with the aim of overall socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals Specialists for Crumble Cakes? The German LandFrauen Organizations in Social Innovation, and as Educational, Social, and Political Institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-107
Author(s):  
Laura Suarsana
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Fields ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Deep Integration

AbstractThis chapter presents empirical results on the German LandFrauen clubs and associations as contemporary elements of German civil society from the conceptual perspective of social innovation, as an approach which is expected to hold high potential particularly for rural areas. The analysis shows that the German LandFrauen clubs and associations are highly engaged in initiating change and development in rural Germany by uniquely addressing women’s needs through social, cultural, and educational offers. Here, the members’ social interactions function as a basis and starting point for further activities providing impulses in local development.As prerequisites that enable the LandFrauen to pursue their activities, two key characteristics were identified: (1) Their practices are integrated into specific local fields and highly adaptive to local needs and interests through the deep integration of the large and diverse base of members in their local villages and rural society, which allows for functions as local initiators, catalysts, and multipliers in regional development. (2) The institutional frame of clubs and associations allows for support, cooperation, and exchange across the vertical and horizontal structure, and provides access to resources and a broad network to external partners.

scholarly journals Using RFLP-PCR Technique in Determining Genotypes of Giardia lamblia from Diarrhea Cases in Children in AL-Diwaniyah City, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hadi M. Hamza AL-Mayali ◽  
Lubna Abdul-Kadir AL-Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Child Hospital ◽  
Genotype A

Introduction: Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevalent intestinal protozoa in the world, which affect children in both undeveloped and developing countries. This study aimed to determine genotypes of the Giardia lamblia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR techniques. Additionally, the relationship between genotype patterns and their geographical distribution, gender, and age was investigated. Methods: The current study included 926 samples of faeces of children suffering from diarrhoea, who visits the internal clinics at Teaching Hospital, and Child Hospital in AL- Diwaniyah City from November 2012 - Jun 2013. For age groups of 1-12 years exclusively. The samples were examined using a direct mount wet smear, The positive samples were preserved without adding preservatives at a temperature of -20°C until the DNA extraction for G. lamblia genotyping by using PCR and RFLP-PCR technique. Results: Giardia lamblia was detected in 2.15% (20/926) of samples from diarrhea cases in children by amplification of glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) using two specific primers GDHiR and GDHiF. It was revealed that 7 samples belonged to genotype A (35%) and 13 samples belonged to genotype B (65%). All genotype A samples belonged to subgenotype AII (100%), while genotype B samples belonged to subgenotypes BIII (53.61 %) and BIV (47.38 %). Genotype A was detected in children of 1-6 years of age while B genotype was detected in all age groups. Both of the genotypes have been detected in both genders (male and female) and genotype B was found in both urban and rural areas; however, its prevalence was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (100% and 30%, respectively). Conclusion: There are two genotypes of Giardia lamblia, genotype A and genotype B, each of which has secondary genetic patterns which include AII, BIII, and BIV.

scholarly journals COVID-19 monetary transfer in El Salvador: determining factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Carlos Ayala Durán
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Monetary Transfers ◽  
Monetary Transfer ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Economic Measure

Abstract Given the lack of governmental guidelines, this paper identifies and analyzes the statistical determinants associated with receiving the onetime monetary transfer in El Salvador ($300 dollars) as an economic measure to face the COVID-19 pandemic. A logistic regression was implemented (whether received the transfer or not) based on a probabilistic sample (n=1222) of surveyed people throughout the country. Independent variables were selected drawing upon key characteristics employed internationally in monetary transfers: age, gender, rural area, employment, family income, and education. The text identifies a statistically significant and negative relation between receiving the monetary transfer and two variables: family income and educational level. The need to increase coverage of the program is addressed as well as the importance of considering age, gender, rural areas, and employment as criteria for selecting the beneficiaries in such economic measures.

scholarly journals Social Mobility of Collective Farmers in the 1930s

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Il’inykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Collective Farm ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Corporate Character ◽  
Farm System ◽  
Collective Farms

The author carries out a retrospective analysis of social mobility elevators and channels functioning within the collective farm system in the USSR in the 1930s. The subject of research is the collective farm peasantry and its border social groups (machine operators, administrative staff of collective farms, and machine and tractor station workers). It is concluded that multidirectional channels and lifts of intergroup and intragroup social mobility operated in Soviet rural areas in the 1930s. The most widespread channel of social mobility was collectivisation. Intensive social processes took place inside collective farms, which resembled social elevators that had an internal corporate character. A professional career in collective farms could be used as a mechanism of mobility: external elevators, institutionalised state practices, “positive” behavioural practices, and “positive” socio-political record. Channels of social and professional mobility functioned within the collective farm system. The most socially significant of them was the transition of workers engaged in horse and manual labour to machine operators. The collective farm system was integrated into the system of social elevators and channels operating in the USSR, but transition to them from collective farms was limited. Administrative, educational, professional, gender, and age barriers were in place for the social mobility of collective farmers. Chance to go beyond collective farms was given to young people receiving education and conscription. Being sentenced to prison meant the collective farmer’s descent to the bottom of the Soviet social ladder. The mechanisms of social descent could be: “negative” behavioural practices, illegal actions, and “negative” socio-political record.

The internet, its governance, and the multi-stakeholder model

Info ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hill
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Stakeholder Model ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Current Governance

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of key issues and concepts related to discussions of the internet, its governance, and its multi-stakeholder model. Design/methodology/approach – The method adopted is to discuss definitions of internet, to identify the key characteristics of internet, to define the multi-stakeholder approach, and to discuss the results it has achieved. Findings – The article finds that the internet is different from other networks, albeit not exactly in the ways that are commonly mentioned, and it finds that the internet's current governance mechanisms can be improved, in particular by increasing the role of more traditional governance mechanisms such as intergovernmental organizations. Originality/value – The analysis and conclusions are not found in previous literature, and they are meant to provoke further research and discussion.

The Forgotten Many

2022 ◽  
pp. 150-170
Author(s):  
Rachelle Kuehl ◽  
Carolyn M. Callahan ◽  
Amy Price Azano
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Gifted Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Federally Funded ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Gifted Programming ◽  
Language Arts Instruction

Limited economic resources and geographic challenges can lead rural schools in areas experiencing poverty to deprioritize gifted education. However, for the wellbeing of individual students and their communities, investing in quality rural gifted education is crucial. In this chapter, the authors discuss some of the challenges to providing equitable gifted programming to students in rural areas and present approaches to meeting those challenges (e.g., cluster grouping, mentoring). They then describe a large-scale federally-funded research project, Promoting PLACE in Rural Schools, which demonstrated methods districts can use to bolster gifted education programming. With 14 rural districts in high-poverty areas of the southeastern United States, researchers worked with teachers and school leaders to establish universal screening processes for identifying giftedness using local norms, to teach students the value of a growth mindset in reducing stereotype threat, and to train teachers on using a place-based curriculum to provide more impactful language arts instruction to gifted rural students.

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