A computational scheme to estimate the Leontief model matrix coefficients according to input-output table data for the southern regions of the Tyumen Oblast

Subject. This article deals with the control and management aspects of regional development on the basis of Leontief’s balance model. Objectives. The article aims to develop schemes for stable estimation of aggregate parameters of region balance models based on a shortened sample of input-output statistical data and rules for their subsequent regularization. Methods. For the study, we used multiple forms of regional economic balance model transformation based on the aggregation of data of the selected regional subsystems. Results. The primary estimates of aggregate input-output matrix for the southern regions of the Tyumen Oblast were obtained from the statistical input-output data for 2014–2018. To comply with the productivity conditions, additional information was introduced into the estimation algorithm reflecting the balance dependence for the reference input-output matrix for the Russian Federation and for the southern regions of the Tyumen Oblast in retrospective (2004–2013). Conclusions. The result of regularization of aggregate input-output matrix for the southern regions of the Tyumen Oblast obtained from the statistical input-output data on the basis of the least squares method indicates that the backward estimation technique cannot act as a basic tool for the primary construction of balance models of regional economies. However, backward estimation algorithms with subsequent regularization are effective in correcting the reference input-output matrix using actual data of the region’s socio-economic development.

Theoretical approaches to defining the shadow economy

Subject. This article explores the forms of the shadow economy. Objectives. The article aims to identify conceptual differences between approaches to defining the shadow economy notion. Methods. For the study, we used logical, comparative, and content analyses. Results. The article finds that the concept of the shadow economy includes both illegal activities, which contradict the spirit and letter of the law, and legal activities, through using illegal tools and methods to maximize profits or minimize costs. Conclusions. Social, legal, and economic factors determine the development of the shadow economy. Whether money comes back to the legal economy sector or not, it depends on the form of the shadow economy. To define the essence of the shadow economy, a comprehensive approach is required.

Principles of formation of the agro-industrial complex in the modern agricultural economy of Russia

Subject. This article deals with the issues of development of market relations in agriculture. Objectives. The article aims to consider the research vocabulary used when describing the features of the development of the agro-industrial complex during the period of market reforms. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, and the methods of grouping, comparison, and generalization. Results. The article finds that cash and raw material flows, labor and technical resources cannot be allocated on a centralized basis, as it was usually done during the emergence of the structure of the agro-industrial complex. Conclusions. The traditional category of Agro-Industrial Complex is losing its economic relevance. For scientific observation and practical use, other generalizing categories should replace it.

Assessment of the efficiency of the northern region municipal districts’ economy: The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) case study

Subject. This article deals with the issues of asymmetric development of economic sectors in the northern regions. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a rating integrated assessment of the efficiency of the economy of municipal districts of the northern regions. Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis, ex post evaluation, and the typological approach. Results. The article offers a methodological approach on the basis of which the rating of economic development of municipal districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is calculated. Conclusions. The demand for the mineral resource base of the municipal areas of the northern region in the world market is the main factor affecting their uneven economic development.

Trends in employment in the context of transformations of the economy of Russia's Far East

Subject. This article examines the changes in employment of the population of the Russian Far East since the early 1990s. Objectives. The article aims to identify the specifics of the processes that are taking place in the regional labor market, and assess the scale and direction of labor mobility. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis. Results. The article describes the features of the transformation of employment of the population of the Russian Far East in the initial period of the formation of market relations and at the present stage of economic development. It shows structural shifts in the regional labor market and assesses the impact of the growth of investment activity on labor mobility. Conclusions. The territorial features of the region have led to the development of significant deviations in the functioning of the labor market and in the structure of employment.

Sociodemographic aspects of the influence of factors on the health of the Arctic region population

Subject. This article examines the factor influence on human health depending on the socio-demographic characteristics of the population. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the factors that affect the health of the population of the Arctic area, and their impact on various groups of people. Methods. For the study, we used general scientific research methods. Results. Based on a sociological survey conducted in the municipalities of the Arkhangelsk Oblast, the article identifies the key determinants of public health and the change in the importance of various factors depending on the age of the person. Relevance. The results obtained can be used when developing and adjusting programme documents related to the Arctic demographic policies.

Project management system in State bodies from the standpoint of organizational and managerial efficiency

Subject. This article discusses the importance of project management in the activities of public authorities. Objectives. The article aims to determine the current level of development of project management techniques and trends in their progress with the public authorities of the Russian Federation. Methods. For the study, I used general scientific and special research methods. Results. The article describes the advantages of the project management methodology, which can contribute to saving from 20 to 30% of time and from 15 to 20% of the funds spent. Conclusions. The development of a fair system of motivation for project stakeholders, helping ensure a higher level of responsibility, is an important step in the development of project management in the public sector.

Formation of interregional clusters on the basis of industry specialization of the area

Subject. This article explores the socioeconomic relations that arise in the process of formation of interregional clusters. Objectives. The article aims to explore industry specialization and clustering within the territory of the Central Black Earth macroregion. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and the empirical method. Results. Based on the analysis of the industry specialization of the Central Black Earth macroregion’s economy, the article shows the economic and social effects of the implementation of interregional agreements. It proposes to create a chemical and pharmaceutical cluster of the medical industry in this economic region. Conclusions. The chemical and pharmaceutical cluster is of great importance under present-day conditions. It is a driver to boost employment and improve the quality of life of the population.

Designing alternative scenarios for the provincial region development based on the scenario planning methodology

Subject. This article considers the issues of application of scenario planning techniques in the process of constructing alternative scenarios for the development of spatial socio-economic systems in the context of changes, complexity, and uncertainty. Objectives. The article aims to form a scenario planning algorithm for spatial socio-economic systems and its implementation in relation to the Mari El Republic. Methods. For the study, we used the systems approach and foresight techniques. Results. The article presents four alternative scenarios for the development of the provincial region: intensive, technological, moderately technological and pessimistic. The article presents four alternative scenarios for the development of the provincial region, namely, the intensive, technological, moderate technological, and worst-case ones. Conclusions and Relevance. The technological scenario for the provincial region’s development seems to be the most likely. It assumes moderately favorable prospects for attracting investment, which can stimulate the development of regional key industries. The proposed alternative scenarios can serve as a basis for the policy making by regional and municipal authorities.

The Amur Oblast labor market stability against the backdrop of the new coronavirus disease spread

Subject. This article examines the impact of the spread of a new coronavirus disease on the condition of the labor market of the Amur Oblast. Objectives. The article aims to identify trends in the development of the labor market of the Amur Oblast in the coronavirus spread context. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. Results. The article finds that the restrictions imposed in order to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection have had an effect on the labor market in the Amur Oblast. It notes the deformation of the structure of demand for labor and labor supply in the Amur Oblast at present. Conclusions. Currently, government support for the population, including the employed and unemployed, and enterprises of various forms of ownership is of particular importance.