scholarly journals Optimization Economic and Emissions of Hydro and Thermal Power Plants in 150 kV Systems Using the Dragonfly Algorithm

Jurnal INFORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Bayu Setyo Wibowo ◽  
Susatyo Handoko ◽  
Hermawan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Iteration Process ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Thermal Generation ◽  
Dragonfly Algorithm ◽  
Consumption Cost

Electricity is one of the energies required by daily living since the greater demand for electricity increases greenhouse emissions that create emission gases resulting in global climate change. The main portion of the output cost is fuel's cost to manufacture electrical energy in thermal turbines. The use of electrical energy is currently rising increasingly following the increasing population. The research aims to optimize hydro generation to minimize thermal generation expense and address economic problems and pollution from shipping. With 2016b using Matlab applications and the lambda iteration process, the analysis method uses the Dragonfly Algorithm method. The analysis found that the average cost of fuel consumption provided by the Dragonfly Algorithm method was IDR 151,164,418 per day with an emission of 917.40 tons per day, based on the simulation results the Dragonfly Algorithm in testing by considering the emission of 5 practical steps. Meanwhile, with the emission of 918,044 tonnes per day, the average cost of fuel consumption produced by the Lambda Iteration method is IDR 151,202,209 per day. Test results can enhance the fuel consumption cost of IDR 37,791 and emissions of 0.641 tons with the Dragonfly Algorithm process.

Power Cycles of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Pavel Kirillov ◽  
Romney Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

It is well known that the electrical-power generation is the key factor for advances in any other industries, agriculture and level of living. In general, electrical energy can be generated by: 1) non-renewable-energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear; and 2) renewable-energy sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and marine. However, the main sources for electrical-energy generation are: 1) thermal - primary coal and secondary natural gas; 2) “large” hydro and 3) nuclear. The rest of the energy sources might have visible impact just in some countries. Modern advanced thermal power plants have reached very high thermal efficiencies (55–62%). In spite of that they are still the largest emitters of carbon dioxide into atmosphere. Due to that, reliable non-fossil-fuel energy generation, such as nuclear power, becomes more and more attractive. However, current Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are way behind by thermal efficiency (30–42%) compared to that of advanced thermal power plants. Therefore, it is important to consider various ways to enhance thermal efficiency of NPPs. The paper presents comparison of thermodynamic cycles and layouts of modern NPPs and discusses ways to improve their thermal efficiencies.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculation Methodology in Thermal Power Plants: Case Study of Iran and Comparison With Canada

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Zabihian ◽  
Alan S. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

Nowadays, the global climate change has been a worldwide concern and the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions are considered as the primary cause of that. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) divided countries into two groups: Annex I Parties and Non-Annex I Parties. Since Iran and all other countries in the Middle East are among Non-Annex I Parties, they are not required to submit annual GHG inventory report. However, the global climate change is a worldwide phenomenon so Middle Eastern countries should be involved and it is necessary to prepare such a report at least unofficially. In this paper the terminology and the methods to calculate GHG emissions will first be explained and then GHG emissions estimates for the Iranian power plants will be presented. Finally the results will be compared with GHG emissions from the Canadian electricity generation sector. The results for the Iranian power plants show that in 2005 greenhouse gas intensity for steam power plants, gas turbines and combined cycle power plants were 617, 773, and 462 g CO2eq/kWh, respectively with the overall intensity of 610 g CO2eq/kWh for all thermal power plants. This GHG intensity is directly depend on efficiency of power plants. Whereas, in 2004 GHG intensity for electricity generation sector in Canada for different fuels were as follows: Coal 1010, refined petroleum products 640, and natural gas 523 g CO2eq/kWh, which are comparable with same data for Iran. For average GHG intensity in the whole electricity generation sector the difference is much higher: Canada 222 vs. Iran 610g CO2eq/kWh. The reason is that in Canada a considerable portion of electricity is generated by hydro-electric and nuclear power plants in which they do not emit significant amount of GHG emissions. The average GHG intensity in electricity generation sector in Iran between 1995 and 2005 experienced 13% reduction. While in Canada at the same period of time there was 21% increase. However, the results demonstrate that still there are great potentials for GHG emissions reduction in Iran’s electricity generation sector.

scholarly journals STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THERMAL POWER GENERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE’S COURSE ON CARBON-FREE ENERGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
M.V. Cherniavskyi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power Generation

The structure of electricity cost formation for consumers, including depending on the cost of TPP generation, «green» energy and other sources, is investigated, and the main conditions of the efficient regulatory function fulfillment in the power system by thermal power generation in the conditions of Ukraine's course on carbon-free energy are formulated. It is shown that excessive electricity losses in networks and, especially, accelerated increase of the share of «green» generation, much more expensive than nuclear, hydro and thermal, mainly contribute to the growth of electricity costs for non-household consumers and the need to raise tariffs for the population. This accelerated increase directly contradicts the Paris Climate Agreement, according to which plans to reduce Ukraine’s greenhouse gas emissions must be developed taking into account available energy resources and without harming its own economy. The dependences of the specific fuel consumption on the average load and the frequency of start-stops of units are found and it is shown that the increased specific fuel consumption on coal TPPs is an inevitable payment for their use as regulating capacities of UES of Ukraine. In this case, the higher the proportion of «green» generation and a smaller proportion of generating thermal power plants, especially increasing specific fuel consumption. It is proved that in the conditions of growth of the share of «green» generation in Ukraine the share of production of pulverized coal thermal power plants should be kept at the level of not less than 30 % of the total electricity generation. It is substantiated that a necessary condition for coal generation to perform a proper regulatory role in the power system is to introduce both environmental and technical measures, namely — reducing the suction of cold air to the furnace and other boiler elements, restoring condensers and cooling systems, etc. An important factor in reducing the average level of specific fuel consumption is also the reduction of coal burn-out at thermal power plants, where it still remains significant, due to the transfer of power units to the combustion of bituminous coal concentrate. Bibl. 12, Fig. 5, Tab. 5.

Early-Warning System for Power Coal Storage and Supply Margin of Henan Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2366-2374
Author(s):  
Ye Fei Liu ◽  
Huan Qi ◽  
Su Qin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fuel Storage

China's needs of energy increased dramatically in these years. In China, Electrical energy are mainly generated by thermal power plants that use coal as fuel, thus electricity supply are linked to the power fuel (coals) storage of power plants. Henan has been changed form an energy exporter province to an energy importer province. Therefore, the fuel storage and supply of power plants are keys to the security of the province's social development, economics and energy supply. Research the margin of power fuel storage and supply can help the policy makers to learn the security conditions and trends of electricity production microscopically, reducing the risks in the power production process, and improving the efficiency of production and the efficiency of energy. Environmental and economic issues brought by the excessive storage can be reduced. This article describes the ideas and development of early warning system for power fuel storage and supply margin of Henan province.

scholarly journals Analysis of pricing mechanisms efficiency for modernization of thermal generationa

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Andrey Solyanik
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Thermal Generation ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Marginal Pricing ◽  
Capacity Market ◽  
Simulation Based

The article deals with pricing and investment consequences of using alternative ways to stimulate investment in thermal power plants (TPP) modernization. Calculations made with the use of our simulation-based financial model show that “pure” market mechanisms (such as the spot market and capacity market with marginal pricing) are not efficient enough in terms of keeping balance between robust investment signals and electricity prices produced. In this light, a flexible regulation of capacity market “price cap” is recommended, which should be derived from the assessment of the necessary revenue for operation and investment activity of thermal generation.

Chemical Intervention Combustion and Applications in Coal Saving and Reducing Emissions

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1106-1112
Author(s):  
Da Wei Hu ◽  
Yan Min Wang ◽  
Ai Zhi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource

Coal as the world's most widely used fossil fuels, during the combustion process large amounts of greenhouse gas emission, which has a huge impact on global climate warming. However, coal is a nonrenewable resource, and the energy conservation is imperative. This paper, through analyzed the essential of coal combustion, and the feasibility and means for coal saving by using chemical intervention combustion. After tested the practical effects of chemical intervention coal combustion catalyst, which provided by Guangzhou Fenfang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The results shown, the as received basis net calorific value at constant volume of the selected coal sample improved 8% which was tested by an oxygen bomb calorimeter, almost 1/6 sulfur was fixed in the cinder and the practical application coal saving effects in new dry rotary kilns and thermal power plants were more than 6%. Therefore, the chemical intervention combustion method has important significance in research and practical for coal saving and reducing emissions of pollutants.

scholarly journals Fuel consumption of thermal power technologies under maneuvering modes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
V.S. Kobernik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Coal Fuel ◽  
Fluidized Bed Boilers

A characteristic feature of the present day development of power engineering lies in the increase in the unevenness of power systems schedules. The structure of generating powers of Ukrainian energy engineering is overloaded with basic powers and characterized by a sharp deficit of maneuvering wanes. To cover the uneven load of the power system during the operation of existing and construction of new power plants, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of their operation under maneuvering modes. This paper determines the influence of work of power plants i under maneuvering modes on the specific consumption of conditional fuel on the released electric energy at working on gas or coal fuel. Fuel consumption for starting of a unit depends on its type and downtime in reserve. The use of steam–and–gas facilities and gas turbines helps to enhance the maneuverability of power plants. Alternative options for the development of thermal energy are the introduction of gas–piston power plants and power units with fluidized–bed boilers. We present formulas for the calculations of fuel consumption on by power units for start–ups and specific consumptions depending on the load and degree of their involvement to regulating loads for different thermal energy technologies: steam–turbine condensation and district heating power units; steam–and–gas and gas turbine plants; gas piston installations; power units with fluidized bed boilers. For enhancing the maneuverability of power plants, working on fossil fuels, their modernization and renewal of software are necessary. Quantitative assessment of the efficiency of power units and separate power plants during their operation under variable modes is important for forecasting the structure of generating capacities of power systems, the need to introduce peak and semi–peak capacities, the choice of the most profitable composition of operating equipment at different schedules of electrical loads Keywords: thermal power, power unit, maneuverable mode, electrical load, specific fuel consumption

scholarly journals Application prospects of Irkutsk region thermal coals

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1284
Author(s):  
L. N. Takaishvili ◽  
G. V. Agafonov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Coal Chemistry

The purpose of the paper is to assess application directions and prospects of Irkutsk region power generating coals for the needs of electric and heat power engineering with regard to the possible export of elect rical energy to the countries of South-East Asia, and use as raw materials for coal chemistry needs. The research is carried out using the methods of system analysis involving analysis and synthesis, formalization and concretization, structuring and restructuring, classification. It is the first time when the category of local power generating coals is distinguished under the analysis of the balance reserves of thermal coals. Their feature is low-quality and remoteness from settlements and transportation lanes. Their resource estimate is also given – 0.54 billion tons. An estimate of the recoverable reserves of local coals is obtained: it is 260 million tons. The potential level of local coal production is calculated. A retrospect of consumption trends of regional thermal coals is given and possible application directions are considered in the long run. It is shown that the most demanded direction is the use of coals for energy needs, mainly at thermal power plants. The calculated volumes of coal consumption of two export TPPs, Mugunskaya and Ishideiskaya, are respectively 11 and 6 million tons. According to the authors' calculations, the percentage of electrical energy generation at coal -fired TPPs depending on its export variant implementation can increase by 1.5 – 2.1 times as compared with the level of 2019. Availability of significant reserves of power generating coals in the region makes them a reliable source of energy resources for the electric and thermal power industry, including the export of electrical energy and a promising raw material for the needs of coal chemistry. Potential capacity of coal mining is estimated at 50-60 million tons per year, including 6.5 million tons of local coals. Production potential of coal significantly exceeds its demand both at present and in the future.

scholarly journals STATE'S READINESS MOBILITY IN APPLYING NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY AS ENERY DEVELOPMENT IN LEGAL PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Shaleh Raed Shatat ◽  
Ade Riusma Ariyana ◽  
Devina Arifani
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sector

The states Nuclear Program is a program to build and utilize nuclear science and technology both in the non-energy sector and in the energy sector for peaceful purposes. Utilization of non-energy in Indonesia has developed quite advanced. The use of nuclear power in every countries covers various fields such as health, research and industry. Indonesia's readiness in implementing nuclear energy is carried out by ratifying international conventions, issuing laws, and issuing regulations from the Nuclear Energy Supervisory Agency, readiness in the field of infrastructure used to strengthen technology, and in Indonesia is committed to reducing 26% of greenhouse gas emissions in the year 2020. A nuclear power plant or nuclear power plant is a thermal power plant that uses one or more nuclear reactors as a heat source. The working principle of a nuclear power plant is almost the same as a steam power plant, using high pressure steam to turn a turbine. The rotation of the turbine is converted into electrical energy. The difference is the heat source used to generate heat. A nuclear power plant uses uranium as its heat source. The fission reaction (fission) of the uranium nucleus produces enormous heat energy. The power of a nuclear power plant ranges from 40 MWe to 2000 MWe, and a nuclear power plant built in 2005 has a power distribution from 600 MWe to 1200 MWe. As of 2015 there are 437 nuclear power plants operating in the world, which in total generate about 1/6 of the world's electrical energy. To date, around 66 nuclear power plants are being built in various countries, including China with 28 units, Russia with 11 units, India with 7 units, the United Arab Emirates with 4 units, South Korea with 4 units, Pakistan and Taiwan with 2 units each. Nuclear power plants are categorized based on the type of reactor used. However, in some plants that have several separate reactor units, it is possible to use reactor types that are fueled such as Uranium and Plutonium.

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