Analysis of aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway gene cluster of Aspergillus oryzae RIB strains

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (Suppl3) ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
Mihoko TOMINAGA ◽  
Yun Hae LEE ◽  
Risa HAYASHI ◽  
Osamu YAMADA ◽  
Kazutoshi SAKAMOTO ◽  
...  
2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 2965-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Chiang ◽  
Edyta Szewczyk ◽  
Ashley D. Davidson ◽  
Nancy Keller ◽  
Berl R. Oakley ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Urquhart ◽  
Jinyu Hu ◽  
Yit-Heng Chooi ◽  
Alexander Idnurm

AbstractBackgroundViriditoxin is one of the ‘classical’ secondary metabolites produced by fungi and that has antibacterial and other activities; however, the mechanism of its biosynthesis has remained unknown.ResultsHere, a gene cluster responsible for its synthesis was identified, using bioinformatic approaches from two species that produce viriditoxin and then through gene disruption and metabolite profiling. All eight genes in the cluster inPaecilomyces variotiiwere mutated, revealing their roles in the synthesis of this molecule and establishing its biosynthetic pathway which includes an interesting Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase catalyzed reaction. Additionally, a candidate catalytically-inactive hydrolase was identified as being required for the stereoselective biosynthesis of (M)-viriditoxin. The localization of two proteins were assessed by fusing these proteins to green fluorescent protein, revealing that at least two intracellular structures are involved in the compartmentalization of the synthesis steps of this metabolite.ConclusionsThe full pathway for synthesis of viriditoxin was established by a combination of genomics, bioinformatics, gene disruption and chemical analysis processes. Hence, this work reveals the basis for the synthesis of an understudied class of fungal secondary metabolites and provides a new model species for understanding the synthesis of biaryl compounds with a chiral axis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Shiraishi ◽  
Makoto Nishiyama ◽  
Tomohisa Kuzuyama

The biosynthetic pathway of the uridine-derived nucleoside antibiotic A-94964 was proposed via in silico analysis coupled with gene deletion experiments.


2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 4468-4480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Studt ◽  
Philipp Wiemann ◽  
Karin Kleigrewe ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Humpf ◽  
Bettina Tudzynski

ABSTRACTFusarium fujikuroiproduces a variety of secondary metabolites, of which polyketides form the most diverse group. Among these are the highly pigmented naphthoquinones, which have been shown to possess different functional properties for the fungus. A group of naphthoquinones, polyketides related to fusarubin, were identified inFusariumspp. more than 60 years ago, but neither the genes responsible for their formation nor their biological function has been discovered to date. In addition, although it is known that the sexual fruiting bodies in which the progeny of the fungus develops are darkly colored by a polyketide synthase (PKS)-derived pigment, the structure of this pigment has never been elucidated. Here we present data that link the fusarubin-type polyketides to a defined gene cluster, which we designatefsr, and demonstrate that the fusarubins are the pigments responsible for the coloration of the perithecia. We studied their regulation and the function of the single genes within the cluster by a combination of gene replacements and overexpression of the PKS-encoding gene, and we present a model for the biosynthetic pathway of the fusarubins based on these data.


Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-376
Author(s):  
Caroline Kane-Falce ◽  
Wesley E Kloos

ABSTRACT Histidine auxotrophs of Micrococcus luteus strain ATCC 27141 were induced by treatment of the parent strain with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitro-soguanidine. Auxotrophs were biochemically characterized by examining culture accumulations of histidine intermediates, using paper chromatography and the Bratton-Marshall test, and growth responses to L-histidinol. his(IG) mutants failed to accumulate Pauly-positive imidazoles; his(EAHF) mutants accumulated 5-amino-1-ribosyl-4-imidazole carboxamide; hisB mutants accumulated imidazoleglycerol; hisC mutants accumulated imidazoleacetol; hisD mutants accumulated histidinol. L-histidinol failed to stimulate the growth of hisD mutants, but did stimulate all other histidine mutants, blocked at earlier steps in the biosynthetic pathway. In addition, imidazoleglycerol phosphate dehydrase activity was assayed in representative mutants of each class. hisB mutants lacked activity for this enzyme.—Two-point, three-point, and cotransformation analyses resolved linkage relationships of histidine genes and in two gene clusters aided in determining their sequences. Histidine biosynthetic genes exist in at least four separate, unlinked regions of the chromosome. One histidine gene cluster is closely linked to a tryptophan gene cluster and appears to be contiguous in the sequence his(IG)-his(EAHF)-trpE-trpC-trpB-trpA. A second and unlinked histidine cluster has the tentative gene sequence his(EAHF)-hisB-hisC-his(EAHF). The hisD gene and an unclassified mutant site his-94 are not linked to any of the other histidine genes examined in this study or to each other.


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