Modern Rheumatology Journal
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954
(FIVE YEARS 283)

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7
(FIVE YEARS 2)

Published By "Ima Press, Llc"

2310-158x, 1996-7012

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
M. A. Gromova ◽  
V. V. Tsurko ◽  
O. A. Kislyak ◽  
E. V. Kiseleva

Fatty acids (FA) are present in all types of organisms and play an important role in energy metabolism. The length and number of double bonds in the FA of membrane phospholipids determine the viscosity, the activity of transport systems and enzymes, and also the susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. The review discusses the influence of free unsaturated FAs with short and long chains on various inflammatory mechanisms, including atherosclerosis. It has been shown that FAs can reduce endothelial activation and affect the metabolism of eicosanoids. A new model of fundamental factors determining the variability of the timing, degree and duration of acute inflammatory reactions in the deposition of urate crystals in tissues, in which FAs play an important role is considered, using gout as an example. In the future, the study of FAs will expand the understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic inflammation in various diseases, metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis and enable the development of new treatment strategies. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
N. S. Rudneva ◽  
E. V. Natarova ◽  
V. N. Sorotskaya ◽  
T. G. Sadunashvili

The article discusses the common pathogenetic pathways of autoimmune skin diseases – psoriasis and vitiligo. Currently proposed treatments for vitiligo do not significantly reduce or completely restore skin pigmentation. The use of adalimumab for 6 years in a patient suffering from psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), vitiligo and autoimmune thyroiditis made it possible to control the activity of psoriasis and PsA, and also contributed to the regression of depigmentation foci. The use of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in this group of patients in order to achieve repigmentation may be promising. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
I. B. Belyaeva ◽  
V. I. Mazurov ◽  
E. A. Trofimov

The review presents an analysis of the therapeutic effect in osteoarthritis (OA) of the original complex injectable drug Alflutop (bioactive concentrate of small marine fish), which is one of the most widely used symptomatic slow acting drugs (SYSADOA) in Russia. It stimulates the proliferation of chondrocytes, activates the synthesis of the extracellular matrix by modulating transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), inhibits hyaluronidase, oxidative stress and the activity of extracellular expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes – interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6 and IL8 in vitro.The results of prospective clinical studies are presented, which demonstrate the ability of Alflutop to slow down the X-ray progression of OA of the knee joints (inhibit the narrowing of the joint space, the growth of osteophytes and increase the intra-articular concentration of hyaluronic acid), as well as restore the mobility of the hip joints when it is locally introduced into the zone of pathological changes in the articular lip of the acetabulum. Combined therapy with Alflutop leads to activation of reparative processes and significant clinical improvement in patients with post-traumatic OA, and also slows down the progression of chondrodegeneration according to magnetic resonance imaging. The new Alflutop administration regimen for knee OA (2 ml every other day, №10) can increase patient adherence to therapy.The results of clinical studies presented in the review prove the structural-modifying effect of Alflutop in OA of various localization and substantiate its widespread use in this disease in rheumatological, traumatological and orthopedic practice.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Nikishina ◽  
E. V. Ermolaeva ◽  
A. A. Mesnyankina ◽  
E. A. Aseeva ◽  
S. K. Soloviev ◽  
...  

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disease characterized by chronic inflammation and damage to vital organs and systems. Despite the great success achieved in the treatment of SLE, glucocorticoids (GC) remain one of the main methods of therapy. The GC toxicity index is an objective method for assessing adverse events associated with their use, and in future studies can be actively used to monitor the safety of various therapy regimens. Wider introduction of this index in the management of patients with SLE will allow to optimize approaches to the selection of GC doses, to consider earlier prescription of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, before the development of severe irreversible damage. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
A. E. Karateev ◽  
E. Yu. Polishchuk ◽  
E. S. Filatova ◽  
A. S. Potapova ◽  
V. A. Nesterenko ◽  
...  

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the primary means of managing chronic osteoarthritis (OA) pain. The choice of NSAIDs is based on an analysis of the risk of adverse reactions (ARs). Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term use of NSAIDs for pain control in patients with OA in real clinical practice.Patients and methods. To assess the results of long-term use of NSAIDs in OA, a 12-month observational non-interventional study was conducted. It included 611 patients with knee, hip and generalized OA, and nonspecific back pain associated with OA of the facet joints. All patients were prescribed aceclofenac (Aertal®) 200 mg/day. The patients' condition was assessed 2 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the start of therapy. The following parameters were determined: the intensity of pain during movement and the general health assessment (GA) according to the visual analogue scale (VAS, 10 cm); pain intensity according to the Likert verbal rating scale (VRS) (0–4); the number of patients with a pain reduction of ≥50% from baseline; patients' assessment of the result of therapy according to Likert VRS (1–5). The development of ARs was recorded at each visit.Results and discussion. By month 12, 46.8% of patients had dropped out of observation. In patients who continued the study, the average severity of pain according to the VAS at baseline, after 2 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months was: 6.5±1.2; 4.8±1.4; 3.2±1.4; 2.6±1.4; 2.2±1.1; 1.4±1.1 cm, respectively (significant differences compared to the baseline for all points – p<0.05). The same differences were obtained in GA assessment.Within the indicated time frame, the number of patients with moderate / severe pain (on the Likert scale) decreased from 77.8 to 24.9; 2.9; 2.3; 0.9 and 0%, respectively. The number of patients with a pain reduction of ≥50% from baseline was 12.0; 65.1; 81.0; 88.5 and 84.0%, respectively. A good or excellent assessment of treatment results after 2 weeks was given by 63.3% of patients, and after 12 months – by 95.6%. ARs were observed in about 30% of patients, mainly mild or moderate dyspepsia (in 11.1–23.3%) and arterial hypertension (in 7.1–10.9%). No serious ARs were registered.Conclusion. Aceclofenac is an effective and relatively safe drug for the long-term management of chronic pain in OA.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
S. O. Salugina ◽  
E. S. Fedorov

Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare genetically determined conditions, the main manifestations of which are episodes of fever in combination with other signs of systemic inflammation: skin rashes, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders, damage to the organs of vision, hearing, etc., as well as acute phase markers and the absence of autoantibodies. The use of biological therapy, especially inhibitors of interleukin 1 (iIL1), in most common monogenic AIDs (mAID) – FMF, TRAPS, HIDS/MKD, CAPS – has shown its high efficiency and led to significant progress in the treatment of these patients. Currently, iIL1 are the first-line drugs for mAIDs therapy, primarily CAPS. In the case of their ineffectiveness or intolerance in certain situations, other biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs can also be used – inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor α and iIL6, but this issue needs further investigation. The article describes a patient with mAID, in whom the diagnosis was made more than 40 years after the onset; administration of targeted therapy even in the late stages of the disease led to a significant improvement in many symptoms and quality of life. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
M. S. Eliseev ◽  
E. V. Cheremushkina ◽  
O. V. Zhelyabina ◽  
M. N. Chikina ◽  
A. A. Kapitonova ◽  
...  

Anti-inflammatory therapy, such as colchicine (COL), has been suggested to affect the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD).Objective: to study the effect of anti-inflammatory therapy with COL, hydroxychloroquine (HC), and methotrexate (MT) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CPPD.Patients and methods. The study included 305 patients with CPPD, the majority (62.30%) were women. The average follow-up period was 3.9±2.7 years. Among factors influencing cardiovascular outcome were considered: gender; age; smoking; alcohol intake >20 conventional doses per week; arterial hypertension; a history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), in particular ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accident, chronic heart failure >III stage according to NYHA, as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); body mass index >25 kg/m2 and >30 kg/m2; cholesterol level (CHOL) >5.1 mmol/l; glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2; serum uric acid level >360 μmol/l; hypercalcemia (serum calcium level >2.62 mmol/L); CRP level >2 mg/l; the presence of hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid hormone level >65 pg/ml); CPPD phenotypes (asymptomatic, osteoarthritis with calcium pyrophosphate crystals, chronic arthritis, acute arthritis); intake of COL, HC, MT, glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Results and discussion. 264 patients were under dynamic observation. Any of the studied cardiovascular events were registered in 79 (29.9%) patients. During the observation period, 46 (17.4%) patients died, in 76.1% of cases the cause of death was CVD. Death from other causes was diagnosed in 11 (23.9%) patients. Non-fatal cardiovascular events were reported in 44 (16.7%) cases. The risk of cardiovascular events was higher in patients over 65 years of age (odds ratio, OR 5.97; 95% confidence interval, CI 3.33–10.71), with serum cholesterol levels ≥5.1 mmol/L (OR 1,95; 95% CI 1.04–3.65), GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.32–5.56), history of CVD (OR 2,32; 95% CI 1.22–4.44). COL therapy reduced the risk of cardiovascular events (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.11–0.39).Conclusion. Poor CVD outcomes in CPPD are associated with age, hypercholesterolemia, chronic kidney disease, and a history of CVD. The use of COL, in contrast to MT and HC, was accompanied by a decrease in cardiovascular risk.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
K. V. Sakharova ◽  
M. V. Cherkasova ◽  
Sh. F. Erdes

Serum amyloid A protein A (SAA) is a normal serum protein (serving as a precursor of fibrillar tissue protein AA), synthesized in the liver and a rapidly responding marker of the acute phase of inflammation. A constant high concentration of SAA is one of the factors in the development of AA-amyloidosis. As a rule, secondary amyloidosis develops in patients with long-term and poorly controlled inflammatory diseases, including rheumatic diseases, one of which is ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Objective: to assess the level of SAA in AS patients and its relationship with indicators of disease activity.Patients and methods. The study included 124 patients with AS who met the modified New York 1984 criteria. The disease activity and functional status of patients were assessed according to the recommendations of Russian experts. SAA and CRP, ESR in blood serum were measured in all patients.Results and discussion. The median SAA concentration was 12.5 mg/L [4; 71.6]. Of 124 patients, 31% had SAA levels <5 mg/L and 69% had >5 mg/L. A strong correlation was found between the levels of SAA and CRP (r=0.80, p<0.000001), no significant relationship was found between SAA and ESR (r=0.31, p=0.92). The correlation between the AS activity according to the BASDAI index and SAA was weak (r=0.3, p<0.002), the correlation with ASDAS-CRP was moderate (r=0.54, p<0.00001).Conclusion. A statistically significant relationship was found between SAA and CRP levels, as well as the AS activity indices. Research has shown that SAA can be used as one of the markers of inflammation in AS.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
L. V. Kondratyeva ◽  
T. A. Panafidina ◽  
T. V. Popkova ◽  
Yu. N. Gorbunova ◽  
M. V. Cherkasova

Objective: to study the frequency of hyperleptinemia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), its relationship with clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease, drug therapy, and other metabolic disorders.Patients and methods. The cross-sectional study included 46 women with a definite diagnosis of SLE (median age 40 [31; 48] years) and disease duration 3.0 [0.9; 9.0] years. Glucocorticoids (GC) were received by 38 (83%) patients, hydroxychloroquine – by 35 (76%), immunosuppressants – by 10 (22%), biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs – by 5 (11%). In all patients, fasting levels of glucose, leptin, apoliproprotein B (ApoB) and immunoreactive insulin were determined, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Concentration of leptin ≥11.1 ng/ml, ApoB – >1.6 mg/ml were considered an elevated level. HOMA-IR index ≥2.77 corresponded to the presence of insulin resistance (IR).Results and discussion. Hyperleptinemia was found in 34 (74%) patients with SLE, an increased level of ApoB – in 19 (41%), IR – in 10 (22%). In patients with hyperleptinemia, serositis, positivity for anti-double-stranded DNA (aDNA) and hypocomplementemia were less common, overweight and obesity were more frequent, the SLEDAI-2K index was lower, the aDNA level was lower, and the concentration of the C3 component of complement, insulin, HOMA-IR index, body mass index (BMI) and disease duration were higher (p<0.05 for all cases). BMI <25 kg / m2 had 26 (57%) women, 14 (54%) of whom had hyperleptinemia. In patients with BMI <25 kg / m2, we found a relationship between leptin concentration and disease duration (r=0.4, p=0.04), SLE activity according to SLEDAI-2K (r=-0.6, p=0.003), levels of aDNA (r=-0.6, p<0.001), C3 component of complement (r=0.5, p=0.01), maximum (r=0.7, p<0.001) and supporting (r=0,5, p=0.023) GC doses.In patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (n=20), no such relationship was observed.Conclusion. Hyperleptinemia was found in the majority of women with SLE; elevated levels of ApoB and IR were much less common. Patients with hyperleptinemia are characterized by a longer duration and less activity of the disease, as well as the presence of overweight and obesity and an increase in the HOMA-IR index. In SLE patients with normal body weight, the concentration of leptin increased along with GC dose elevation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
N. V. Nekrasova ◽  
Yu. E. Borovikov ◽  
T. G. Zadorkina ◽  
P. V. Nekrasova

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints, spine and enthesis from the group of spondyloarthritis that develops in patients with psoriasis. Guselkumab is a biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, an inhibitor of interleukin 23, which has been shown to be effective in the treatment of plaque psoriasis and PsA.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of guselkumab treatment in PsA patients.Patients and methods. The study included 16 patients with PsA. All patients received 100 mg of guselkumab subcutaneously at weeks 0, 4, 12, 20. Disease activity and treatment efficacy were assessed at weeks 0, 12 and 24 using the DAS28, ASDAS, BASDAI, DAPSA activity indices, the index of the extent and severity of psoriasis PASI.Results and discussion. During treatment, patients with PsA showed a pronounced positive dynamics of the indices of disease activity and an improvement in the skin condition. Before the treatment with guselkumab, the mean value of the DAS28 index was 4.26±0.64, DAPSA – 37.94±9.45, ASDAS – 2.7±0.65, and BASDAI – 5.49±1.39, after 12 weeks of treatment these indicators decreased to 3.03±0.49; 17.06±4.58; 1.64±0.33 and 3.48±0.66, respectively, and after 24 weeks (after the 4th injection) – to 2.32±0.18; 11.31±2.18; 1.22±0.27 and 2.62±0.78, respectively (p<0.05 for all cases). Before treatment, the average PASI index reached 30.99±15.43, after 12 weeks – 4.55±4.82, and after 24 weeks – 1.05±1.46 (p<0.05). During treatment, a significant improvement in the main manifestations of the disease was noted: regression of peripheral arthritis, spondylitis, and skin rashes.The treatment was well tolerated during the 24 weeks of the study, and no serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion. The data from real clinical practice indicate that guselkumab is highly effective and safe in the treatment of PsA.


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