scholarly journals Practically New Technology of Instrument and Control in Japan Pulp & Paper Industry

1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
J. TAPPI
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp Paper ◽  
And Control

A Review of Switched Inertance Hydraulic Converter Technology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Yuan ◽  
Min Pan ◽  
Andrew Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Machines ◽  
And Control

Digital hydraulics is a new technology providing an alternative to conventional proportional or servovalve-controlled systems in the area of fluid power. Research is driven by the need for highly energy efficient hydraulic machines but is relatively immature compared to other energy-saving technologies. Digital hydraulic applications, such as digital pumps, digital valves and actuators, switched inertance hydraulic converters (SIHCs) and digital hydraulic power management systems, all promise high energy efficiency. This review introduces the development of SIHCs and evaluates the device configurations, performance and control strategies that are found in current SIHC research, particularly focusing on the work being undertaken in last 15 years. The designs for highspeed switching valves are evaluated, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. This article concludes with some suggestions for the future development of SIHCs.

Technology-Driven Convergence of Business Processes in the Acquisition Cycle: Implications for Accountants and Educators

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Richard J. Palmer ◽  
Mahendra R. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Student Preparation ◽  
Business Applications ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acquisition Cycle

ABSTRACT Organizations have sought competitive cost advantage in the acquisition cycle through software associated with e-procurement, expense management, payment technology, data mining, ERP “bolt-ons,” and regulatory compliance. The net effect of advancing technology has been a convergence of the different business processes operating within the acquisition cycle such that the potential exists for one basic procurement process and payment tool to support multiple business applications, greatly improving organizational efficiency. Thus, this paper examines (1) processes within the traditional acquisition cycle and the technological and control drivers that sustain them, (2) how emerging technologies (in particular, card-based payment technologies) are disrupting the acquisition cycle, and (3) how new technology represents a paradigm shift for accountants and educators that requires a significant reconsideration of the nature of and balance between key controls, risks, and efficiency. The paper also examines the impact of acquisition cycle change on organizational structures, the role of accountants, accounting education, and student preparation for the competitive market.

Environmental Protection in the United States Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Industry: An Overview of Regulation of Wastewater Under the U.S. Clean Water Act

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca W. Hanmer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Pulp Paper

The pulp, paper, and paperboard industry in the United States is the larqest industrial user of water with half of the facilities discharging wastewater directly to our Nation's waters. The major pollutants of concern have historically been the conventional pollutants: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), and pH. Biological treatment systems are currently employed to reduce these pollutants. Sludges generated by these treatment systems have been categorized as nonhazardous and are generally landfilled. Under the Clean Water Act, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has promulgated all the reguired regulations for this industry. The national regulations are applied to individual pulp and paper mills through permits issued by EPA Regional or State staff. Permit limits can be written that are more restrictive than the national regulations to protect local water guality. In its current projects concerning the pulp and paper industry, EPA is focusing on the reduction of toxic pollutants. The Agency is conducting a joint EPA/industry program to study dioxin discharges at bleached kraft mills. The Agency will also undertake a comprehensive review of the pulp and paper regulations in 1988.

scholarly journals Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Isolated by Hybrid Organosolv—Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Hardwood and Softwood Biomass for the Production of Phenolics and Aromatics

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Charisteidis ◽  
Polykarpos Lazaridis ◽  
Apostolos Fotopoulos ◽  
Eleni Pachatouridou ◽  
Leonidas Matsakas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Lignin ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pulp Paper ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Alkyl Phenols ◽  
Biomass Sugars

Lignin, one of the three main structural biopolymers of lignocellulosic biomass, is the most abundant natural source of aromatics with a great valorization potential towards the production of fuels, chemicals, and polymers. Although kraft lignin and lignosulphonates, as byproducts of the pulp/paper industry, are available in vast amounts, other types of lignins, such as the organosolv or the hydrolysis lignin, are becoming increasingly important, as they are side-streams of new biorefinery processes aiming at the (bio)catalytic valorization of biomass sugars. Within this context, in this work, we studied the thermal (non-catalytic) and catalytic fast pyrolysis of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (birch) lignins, isolated by a hybrid organosolv–steam explosion biomass pretreatment method in order to investigate the effect of lignin origin/composition on product yields and lignin bio-oil composition. The catalysts studied were conventional microporous ZSM-5 (Zeolite Socony Mobil–5) zeolites and hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with intracrystal mesopores (i.e., 9 and 45 nm) or nano-sized ZSM-5 with a high external surface. All ZSM-5 zeolites were active in converting the initially produced via thermal pyrolysis alkoxy-phenols (i.e., of guaiacyl and syringyl/guaiacyl type for spruce and birch lignin, respectively) towards BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene) aromatics, alkyl-phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, mainly naphthalenes), with the mesoporous ZSM-5 exhibiting higher dealkoxylation reactivity and being significantly more selective towards mono-aromatics compared to the conventional ZSM-5, for both spruce and birch lignin.

A Review of Switched Inertance Hydraulic Converter Technology1

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Yuan ◽  
Min Pan ◽  
Andrew Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Machines ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Speed Switching

Abstract Digital hydraulics is a new technology providing an alternative to conventional proportional or servovalve-controlled systems in the area of fluid power. Digital hydraulic applications, such as digital pumps, digital valves and actuators, switched inertance hydraulic converters (SIHCs), and digital hydraulic power management systems, promise high-energy efficiency and less contamination sensitivity. Research on digital hydraulics is driven by the need for highly energy efficient hydraulic machines but is relatively immature compared to other energy-saving technologies. This review introduces the development of SIHCs particularly focusing on the work being undertaken in the last 15 years and evaluates the device configurations, performance, and control strategies that are found in the current SIHC research. Various designs for high-speed switching valves are presented, and their advantages and limitations are compared and discussed. The current limitations of SIHCs are discussed and suggestions for the future development of SIHCs are made.

Modelling and Advanced Control of Industrial Wood Waste Boilers

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Meeker ◽  
Majura F. Selekwa
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Pulp Paper ◽  
Common Control ◽  
Waste Incinerators

This paper describes recent work to develop an improved approach to control of wood-waste fired boilers, and, in particular, bark-fired boilers commonly in operation in the pulp and paper industry. A brief review of the process and control requirements and common control methods currently employed is followed by a discussion of development of a first-principles boiler model suitable for use in development of a robust controller. A simple nonlinear model for the boiler is developed and used for designing a robust controller that offers better performance in terms of tracking the desired reference point in the face of uncertain variations in the system parameters. The objective of the proposed controller is to increase the responsiveness to load changes, reduce the variability of controlled parameters, and improve efficiency of the boiler (reducing fuel consumption). With hundreds of these boilers in operation at large pulp, paper, and paperboard mills in the U.S., potential net energy savings through efficiency improvement and reduced fuel consumption are substantial, with likely side benefits of reduced emissions and possible reapplication of developments to fossil-fired electric utility boilers, waste incinerators, hog fuel, and biomass boilers.

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