Хищные клопы в системе контроля вирусов на семенном картофеле

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Pazyuk ◽  
T.S. Fominykh ◽  
K.D. Medvedeva
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Orius Majusculus ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Factitious Food

В статье рассмотрена возможность выпуска хищных клопов (подизуса, ориуса, незидиокориса и макролофуса) против вредных насекомых-переносчиков вирусных болезней на меристемном картофеле в теплицах. В садковых экспериментах в 2016–2017 годах оценивали вероятность переноса Y-вируса картофеля этими энтомофагами. Опыты показали, что ни один из видов клопов не переносил Y-вирус. Однако было выявлено, что незидиокорис и макролофус повреждали рассаду картофеля в отсутствии животной пищи (вредителей, подкормки). В связи с этим для биологической защиты меристемного картофеля от вредителей можно рекомендовать только клопов подизуса и ориуса.The predatory bugs Podisus maculiventris, Orius majusculus, Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus were tested for control of pests in potato meristem culture in greenhouses. The risk of Y potato virus transmission by these entomophagous bugs was estimated in cage experiments in years 2016–2017. It has been shown that none of the bugs tested was capable of transmitting the Y-virus. However, N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus have been shown to damage potato seedlings in the absence of animal food (pests or factitious food). Therefore, we can recommend only P. maculiventris and O. majusculus for pest control in potato meristem culture in greenhouses.

scholarly journals The evaluation of potato virus Y transfer by some beneficial bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1222-1227
Author(s):  
IRINA M PAZYUK ◽  
TATYANA S FOMINYKH
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Orius Majusculus ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Factitious Food

Abstract. Pazyuk IM, Fominykh TS. 2019. The evaluation of potato virus Y transfer by some beneficial bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Biodiversitas 20: 1222-1227.  The predatory bugs Podisus maculiventris, Orius majusculus, Nesidiocoris tenuis, and Macrolophus pygmaeus were commonly used for control of pests in potato meristem culture in greenhouses. In this study, the risk of transmission of potato virus Y (PVY) by entomophagous bugs was estimated in cage experiments. It has been shown that none of the bugs tested was capable of transmitting the PVY. However, N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus have been shown to damage potato seedlings in the absence of animal food (pests or factitious food). The bug N. tenuis caused severer damage to potato plants than did the bug M. pygmaeus. Therefore, we can recommend only P. maculiventris and O. majusculus for pest control in potato meristem culture in greenhouses.

Distribution, abundance and natural enemies of the invasive tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
G. Kinyanjui ◽  
F. M. Khamis ◽  
F. L. O. Ombura ◽  
E. U. Kenya ◽  
S. Ekesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Larval Parasitoids ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Sentinel Plants ◽  
Open Fields

Abstract Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) has become a serious menace to sustainable production of tomato in Kenya. A survey was conducted between April 2015 and June 2016 to determine its distribution, abundance, infestation, and damage levels on tomato, and associated natural enemies. Trap counts of T. absoluta moths were recorded in all surveyed 29 counties, which indicated its nationwide distribution irrespective of altitude. Tuta absoluta was present in both open fields and greenhouses. The highest moth/trap/day was 115.38 ± 15.90. Highest leaf infestation was 92.22% and the highest number of mines and larvae per leaf were 3.71 ± 0.28 and 2.16 ± 0.45, respectively. Trap captures in terms of moth/trap/day were linearly and positively related to leaf infestations in open fields (R2 = 0.81) and greenhouses (R2 = 0.61). Highest fruits’ infestation and damage were 60.00 and 59.61%, respectively, while the highest number of mines per fruit was 7.50 ± 0.50. Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) and Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) were identified as predators of T. absoluta larvae. Nine species of larval parasitoids were recovered from infested foliage, with a combined parasitism of 7.26 ± 0.65%. Hockeria species was the most dominant (31.25%) and accounted for 12.88 ± 1.47% parasitism. Two species of larval parasitoids, Hockeria and Necremnus were obtained from sentinel plants with an average parasitism of 1.13 ± 0.25. The overall abundance and parasitism rates of recovered natural enemies were low to effectively control the field populations of T. absoluta. These findings form the basis of researching and developing effective and sustainable management strategies for the pest.

scholarly journals Virus elimination in potato through meristem culture followed by thermotherapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Ali ◽  
KM Nasiruddin ◽  
MS Haque ◽  
SM Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Virus Indexing ◽  
Plantlet Production ◽  
Benzyl Amino Purine

Virus elimination in potato through meristem culture followed by thermotherapy and virus indexing was studied. Three levels of thermotherapy, viz. 27±1°C (control), 30±1°C and 35±1°C, sixteen combinations of BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) plus GA3 (gibberellic Acid) concentrations viz. 0.0+0.0 (control), 0.0+0.2, 0.0+0.4, 0.0+0.6, 1.5+0.0, 1.5+0.2, 1.5+0.4, 1.5+0.6, 3.0+0.0, 3.0+0.2, 3.0+0.4, 3.0+0.6 , 4.5+0.0, 4.5+ 0.2, 4.5+0.4 and 4.5+0.6 were used in this study in three potato varieties viz. Diamant, Heera and Lalpakri. Among the thermo therapies, 27±1°C showed the highest (24.55) survival response followed by 30±1°C, 35±1°C, respectively. The poorest (20.47) survival response of meristem derived plantlets was noticed in 35±1°C which gave the highest percentage (43.79) of virus free plantlets followed by 30±1°C. The best (25.85%) survival response was found in Lalpakri and the lowest (19.08%) survivality was recorded in Diamant. The highest (33.27) percentage of PVY (Potato Virus Y) free plantlets was observed in Heera. The combined treatment 3.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 GA3 showed the highest (63.39) percentage of virus free plantlet production followed by 4.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 GA3DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18376 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 71-80 (2013)

Species identity of Macrolophus melanotoma (Costa 1853) and Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur 1839) (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae) based on morphological and molecular data and bionomic implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Sanchez ◽  
Jose Luis Cenis ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis ◽  
Jose Isidro Martinez-Cascales
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractMacrolophus contains a small group of Palaearctic species with very simple and similar external morphology. The classification of these species has been based on variable characters such as body measurements, the height of the black band-shaped macula behind the eyes and the colour of the first antennal segment. Macrolophus melanotoma (Costa 1853), Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur 1839) and Macrolophus costalis Fieber 1858, are the most reputed predators of the genus. The classification history of M. melanotoma and M. pygmaeus shows a great number of misconceptions that have left the identity of the two species in confusion. Despite the economic importance of these two species, they have not received comprehensive taxonomical treatment until now. In this work, the morphological and sequence variation of a cytochrome b fragment (320 bp) were analysed to determine the identity of M. melanotoma and M. pygmaeus. Macrolophus costalis, Dicyphus cerastii Wagner 1951b, Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner 1951b, Cyrtopeltis geniculata Fieber 1861 and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter 1895) were used as outgroup taxons in the phylogenetic analyses. Several evolutionary models were explored under a maximum likelihood framework. Macrolophus melanotoma and M. pygmaeus were classified as two distinct species based on monophyly, molecular and morphological data. Nodes at the species level were supported by high bootstrap values. M. pygmaeus and M. costalis are sister species, M. melanotoma basal to them. The shape of the black macula behind the eye may be used as a diagnostic character to differentiate M. melanotoma from M. pygmaeus with some degree of confidence.

Biological characteristics of the mirids Macrolophus costalis and Macrolophus pygmaeus preying on the tobacco form of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.T. Margaritopoulos ◽  
J.A. Tsitsipis ◽  
D.C. Perdikis
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Aphid Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tobacco Aphid

AbstractBiological and population parameters of the predatory bugs Macrolophus costalis Fieber and Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur preying on the tobacco aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were examined. Tobacco was used as host plant and all experiments were carried out at 23°C and L16:D8. In M. costalis, the developmental time for eggs and the total duration of nymphal instars was 13.1 and 22.2 days and in M. pygmaeus 13.0 and 20.2 days, respectively. Both species completed their nymphal development feeding only on plant juices although they required significantly more time to attain adulthood than when feeding on prey. The longevity of M. costalis females and the preoviposition period were 49.9 and 5.6 days and those of M. pygmaeus were 50.3 and 6.3 days, respectively. Adult males showed a higher longevity than females in both species. The intrinsic rate of increase and the mean total number of eggs laid were 0.0644 and 121 in M. costalis and 0.0615 and 104 in M. pygmaeus, respectively. Mean total aphid consumption by nymphs of M. costalis was 61 aphids, about twice that of M. pygmaeus (37 aphids). Total aphid consumption by a male and female pair of M. costalis and M. pygmaeus until the death of the female was 244 and 285 aphids, respectively. The results of the study are discussed in relation to the impact of the two predatory bugs on tobacco aphid populations.

scholarly journals Combination of generalist predators, Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus, with a companion plant, Sesamum indicum: What benefit for biological control of Tuta absoluta?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257925
Author(s):  
Kouassi Arthur J. Konan ◽  
Lucie S. Monticelli ◽  
San-Whouly M. Ouali-N’goran ◽  
Ricardo Ramirez-Romero ◽  
Thibaud Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
Companion Plant ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Companion Plants

Tuta absoluta is one of the most damaging pests of tomato crops worldwide. Damage due to larvae may cause up to 100% loss of tomato production. Use of natural enemies to control the pest, notably predatory mirids such as Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus, is increasingly being promoted. However, considering the potential damage caused to tomatoes by these omnivorous predators in the absence of T. absoluta, an alternative solution could be required to reduce tomato damage and improve the predators’ performance. The use of companion plants can be an innovative solution to cope with these issues. The present study aimed to determine the influence of companion plants and alternative preys on the predators’ performance in controlling T. absoluta and protecting tomato plants. We evaluated the effect of predators (alone or combined) and a companion plant (sesame (Sesamum indicum)) on T. absoluta egg predation and crop damage caused by N. tenuis. The influence of an alternative prey (Ephestia kuehniella eggs) on the spatial distribution of predators was also evaluated by caging them in the prey presence or absence, either on tomato or sesame plants or on both. We found that the presence of sesame did not reduce the efficacy of N. tenuis or M. pygmaeus in consuming T. absoluta eggs; hatched egg proportion decreased when N. tenuis, M. pygmaeus, or both predators were present. More specifically, this proportion was more strongly reduced when both predators were combined. Sesame presence also reduced necrotic rings caused by N. tenuis on tomato plants. Nesidiocoris tenuis preferred sesame over tomato plants (except when food was provided only on the tomato plant) and the upper part of the plants, whereas M. pygmaeus preferred tomato to sesame plants (except when food was provided only on the sesame plant) and had no preference for a plant part. Combination of predators N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus allows for better coverage of cultivated plants in terms of occupation of different plant parts and better regulation of T. absoluta populations. Sesamum indicum is a potential companion plant that can be used to significantly reduce N. tenuis damage to tomatoes.

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